初中、高中——中学生英语学习常见错误一览表
[i=s] 本帖最后由 一刻千金 于 2010-10-21 17:01 编辑 [/i][color=#000]A[font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color] [p=30, 2, left][color=#000]a [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I think it is an useful English dictionary.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I think it is a useful English dictionary.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 在不定冠词[font=Times New Roman]a[/font][font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]an[/font][font=宋体]的用法中要注意的一点是：[/font][font=Times New Roman]an[/font][font=宋体]用在以元音开头的词之前；而[/font][font=Times New Roman]a[/font][font=宋体]则用在以辅音开头的词之前。要特别注意的是以[/font][font=Times New Roman]u[/font][font=宋体]字母打头的单词，如[/font][font=Times New Roman]useful,university[/font][font=宋体]等，其第一个音标是［[/font][font=Times New Roman]j[/font][font=宋体]］，所以要特别予以注意。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I need a hour to finish this letter.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I need an hour to finish this letter.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要注意[font=Times New Roman]hour[/font][font=宋体]和[/font][font=Times New Roman]honest[/font][font=宋体]的第一个字母不发音。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]My teacher is a unknown man, but he is a very good man.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]My teacher is an unknown man, but he is a very good man.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要注意以[font=Times New Roman]u[/font][font=宋体]打头的单词，它的发音为［］时，单数名词前要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]an[/font][font=宋体]，如[/font][font=Times New Roman]uncle[/font][font=宋体]等。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]There is a "f" in the word "football".[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]There is an "f" in the word "football".[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 英文字母单独使用时，如其第一个发音是元音时，其前面的不定冠词应该用[font=Times New Roman]an[/font][font=宋体]而不是[/font][font=Times New Roman]a.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I have a little brother. He is a 8[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]year[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]old boy.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I have a little brother. He is an 8[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]year[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]old boy.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要注意这些字母的第一个发音为元音，如[font=Times New Roman]eight, eleven[/font][font=宋体]等。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]able [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]This bike is able to be repaired.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]This bike can be repaired.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]be able to [/font][font=宋体]主要表达某事或某人具有某种能力去作某事，应译为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]有本领[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]有能力[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]可以[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]作某事，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I'm able to swim across this river. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]can[/font][font=宋体]可以用来表示具有接受能力或吸收能力。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]This radio can be repaired here.[/font][font=宋体] [/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]about [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]This class is about to begin just now.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]This class is about to begin.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要注意[font=Times New Roman]be about to [/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]将要[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]的意思，含有将来时之意，不要与表示过去时的时间状语连用。另外，[/font][font=Times New Roman]be about to [/font][font=宋体]一般用作书面语，对应的口语是[/font][font=Times New Roman]be going to.[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]about on [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]about[font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]on[/font][font=宋体]都可以作[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]关于[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]讲，但却有所不同，例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]This book is about physics. [/font][font=宋体]应译为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]这是一本关于物理学的科普读物。[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]而：[/font][font=Times New Roman]This book is on physics.[/font][font=宋体]则应译为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]这是一本物理学方面的专著。[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]above [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The temperature is five degrees over zero.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The temperature is five degrees above zero.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 表达[font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]在……上方[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]时，[/font][font=Times New Roman]above[/font][font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]over[/font][font=宋体]是可以互换的，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The sky is above(or over)our heads. [/font][font=宋体]但是要表达在垂直方向上的上方时则应用[/font][font=Times New Roman]above[/font][font=宋体]不可用[/font][font=Times New Roman]over[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The sun has risen above the horizon.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]There is often thick cloud above the South of China in summer.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]There is often thick cloud over the South of China in summer.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 当表达覆盖之意时，只可用[font=Times New Roman]over[/font][font=宋体]而不能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]above.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]There is a bridge above the river.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]There is a bridge over the river.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 用来表达[font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]从……上方越过[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]时不能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]above[/font][font=宋体]只能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]over[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The plane flew over the city. [/font][font=宋体]但要注意[/font][font=Times New Roman]There is waterfall above the bridge. [/font][font=宋体]则应译为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]在桥的上游有一个瀑布。[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]across [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He ran across the wood.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He ran through the wood.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]across[/font][font=宋体]是指某一动作在一平面内进行，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]through[/font][font=宋体]则是指该动作在一三维立体空间的运动过程。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The man came in through the window. He walked across the square.[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]across [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]across[font=宋体]的主要用法有两个。其一，意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]对面[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]There is a school just across the street. [/font][font=宋体]其二，意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]横过[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He walked across the street.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]afraid [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I dont't afraid of him.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I am not afraid of him.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要注意[font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]害怕[/font][font=Times New Roman]"afraid[/font][font=宋体]一词在英语中不是动词，而是形容词，要与[/font][font=Times New Roman]be[/font][font=宋体]动词连用。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]after [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Two weeks after he left.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Two weeks later he left.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He left after two weeks.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要表达[font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]在多少时间之后[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，英语中有两种表达法，即：用[/font][font=Times New Roman]later[/font][font=宋体]时，要时间在前，如[/font][font=Times New Roman]three hours later; [/font][font=宋体]而用[/font][font=Times New Roman]after[/font][font=宋体]时要时间在后，如[/font][font=Times New Roman]after three hours.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]My father will be back after a few hours.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]My father will be back in a few hours.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 受中文的影响，这个介词常常被误用。当你要表达在一段时间内某个动作可以完成时，一定要用[font=Times New Roman]in[/font][font=宋体]，而不能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]after[/font][font=宋体]，因为[/font][font=Times New Roman]after[/font][font=宋体]是指在某一时间之后。例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]This work will be done in two days. [/font][font=宋体]即表明在两天内这一工作一定会做完。而如用了[/font][font=Times New Roman]after[/font][font=宋体]，即表示在两天之后，完成的时间是不确定的。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]after behind [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]after[font=宋体]多用于表示顺序的前后，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]She walked in the line after Tom. [/font][font=宋体]或用来表示[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]追赶[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，表示一种动态，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He ran after Mary. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]behind[/font][font=宋体]多用于强调先进与落后，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]She is much behind the other girls in sewing. [/font][font=宋体]或者用于表达[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]迟于[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The train was ten minutes behind the time table. [/font][font=宋体]或者与表示静态的动词连用，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]She hid herself behind the flowers.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]afternoon [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He worked very hard in a hot afternoon.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He worked very hard on a hot afternoon.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 习惯用的词组[font=Times New Roman]in the afternoon, [/font][font=宋体]如果加入任何修饰词后其前面的介词[/font][font=Times New Roman]in[/font][font=宋体]都要改为[/font][font=Times New Roman]on[/font][font=宋体]，不论其修饰词在前还是在后，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He swam in this river on the afternoon of June lst. [/font][font=宋体]又如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Are you free on Sunday afternoon?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]against [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He against me.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He is against me.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要注意[font=Times New Roman]against[/font][font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]反对[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，但它在英文中却不是动词，而是介词，如要讲反对某事或某人时则要加动词[/font][font=Times New Roman]be, [/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He is against somebody/something.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]against for [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]against[font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]反对[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]不赞成[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]；而[/font][font=Times New Roman]for[/font][font=宋体]则意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]同意[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，为其反意词。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Are you for or [/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]against[/font][font=宋体] [/font][font=Times New Roman]the plan?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]age [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He is twenty years old of age.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He is twenty.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He is twenty years old.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He is at the age of twenty.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]ago [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Tom's father has been dead five years ago.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Tom's father died five years ago.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]ago[/font][font=宋体]意为由说话时算起，若干时间以前。它只能和一般动词过去时连用，而不要与完成时连用。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Yesterday I met a friend. We didn't see each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Yesterday I met a friend. We hadn't seen each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要注意的是在本句是[font=Times New Roman]ago[/font][font=宋体]是用在由[/font][font=Times New Roman]since[/font][font=宋体]引起的从句之中，只是从句应用过去时，但不影响主句的时态。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]agree [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Does the teacher agree to us?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Does the teacher agree with us?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Does he agree with our plan?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Does he agree with us?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]agree with [/font][font=宋体]指[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]同意某人的提议、建议、计划[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]等。如果要讲同意某项计划则要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]agree to, [/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Do you agree to the plan?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]all [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The old man has two sons. All of them are workers.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The old man has two sons. Both of them are workers.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]all[/font][font=宋体]是指三者或以上的全部，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]both[/font][font=宋体]则是指[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]两者都[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The all children are playing football now.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]All the children are playing football now.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]all[/font][font=宋体]作修饰词时其位置要在所有的修饰词之前，不论这些修饰词是定冠词、指示代词、形容词或名词，或代词的所有格。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]You all are right.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]You are all right.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]all[/font][font=宋体]作同位语时其位置要置于[/font][font=Times New Roman]be[/font][font=宋体]动词之后，实意动词之前，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The teachers all work hard. [/font][font=宋体]或用于第一助动词之后，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The boys have all been waiting for their mothers.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]almost [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Nearly nobody thinks he is right.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Almost nobody thinks he is right.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]nearly[/font][font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]almost[/font][font=宋体]是近意词，其含意差别不大，但是与否定词连用时要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]almost, [/font][font=宋体]例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]She brought almost no money with her. [/font][font=宋体]此句中的[/font][font=Times New Roman]almost[/font][font=宋体]不能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]nearly[/font][font=宋体]替换。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]alone [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The old man lived lone but he didn't feel lonely.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The old man lived alone, but he didn't feel lonely.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]alone, lone, lonely [/font][font=宋体]三个词全具有[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]孤单、孤独[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]之意。但其用法不同：[/font][font=Times New Roman]lone[/font][font=宋体]可以作定语，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]alone[/font][font=宋体]则只能作表语，[/font][font=Times New Roman]lonely[/font][font=宋体]则多指感情上与感觉上的孤独。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]already [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]We are already for the work.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We are all ready for the work.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]already [/font][font=宋体]是副词，其意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]已经[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He already knew about it. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]all ready[/font][font=宋体]为形容词意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]准备好[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]already yet [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]already[font=宋体]多用于肯定句中，例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The students have already finished the work. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]yet[/font][font=宋体]则多用于疑问句与否定句中，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Have you finished it yet? I haven't finished it yet.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]also [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I didn't find the dictionary also.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I didn't find the dictionary either.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 作为[font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]也[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]讲，在否定句中要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]either[/font][font=宋体]而不能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]also.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]also too [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]also[font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]too[/font][font=宋体]都可用在肯定句中表示[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]也[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，但[/font][font=Times New Roman]also[/font][font=宋体]通常用于[/font][font=Times New Roman]be[/font][font=宋体]动词或情态动词之后，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I can also do it myself. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]too[/font][font=宋体]一般放于句尾。[/font][font=Times New Roman]I'll attend his class, too.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]always [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Always he asked himself why he had come here.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He always asked himself why he had come here.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]always[/font][font=宋体]一般不能用于句首，它在一般句中的位置是于动词之前第一助动词之后，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I've always thought he is honest. [/font][font=宋体]又如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He is always late.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]among [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]If the three apples are divided among the two boys how much will each receive?[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]If the three apples are divided among the three boys how much will each receive?[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]among[/font][font=宋体]常用于三个事物或人物之间，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]between[/font][font=宋体]则多用于两者之间。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]an [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]This is an useful dictionary.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]This is a useful dictionary.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 详见[font=Times New Roman]a[/font][font=宋体]条。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]and [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He did not speak loudly and clearly.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He did not speak loudly nor clearly.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Our school is not in New York and Chicago, but in Boston.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Our school is not in New York or Chicago, but in Boston.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]和[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]这一概念在肯定句中应用[/font][font=Times New Roman]and[/font][font=宋体]，但在否定句中则要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]or[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]angry [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]My mother was angry to me.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]My mother was angry with me.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He was angry with what I said.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He was angry at what I said.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要注意[font=Times New Roman]be angry[/font][font=宋体]后面如果接人，表示[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]对某人生气不满[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]时应用[/font][font=Times New Roman]be angry with somebody. [/font][font=宋体]但要接事物时要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]be angry at something.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]another [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I have two sisters, one in America and another in English.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I have two sisters, one in America and the other in English.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要注意英语中[font=Times New Roman]another, other, the other, the others, others[/font][font=宋体]的不同用法，现分别说明如下：[/font][font=Times New Roman]another[/font][font=宋体]作形容词其意为：泛指的另一个或再一个，别的，类似的。一般在句中作定语，如[/font][font=Times New Roman]: This is not good enough, please show me another one. another[/font][font=宋体]还可以作为代词用，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]One student said[/font][font=宋体]：[/font][font=Times New Roman]"I want to play baskball."another said[/font][font=宋体]：[/font][font=Times New Roman]"I want to play football."[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]other[/font][font=宋体]作形容词其意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]泛指其余的，别的[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I have other books besides these. [/font][font=宋体]又如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Ask some other people please. the other[/font][font=宋体]则为特指，作形容词时其后面可接单数或复数名词，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]She has two flowers. One is white, the other one is yellow. ([/font][font=宋体]特指，单数[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]又如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]There are fifty students in our class, twenty five are boys, the other students are girls. ([/font][font=宋体]特指，复数[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]但当[/font][font=Times New Roman]the other[/font][font=宋体]作为代词时，它代表的可以是单数，也可以是复数，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other. ([/font][font=宋体]单数[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]又如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]There are some people in the room. Four are girls, the other([/font][font=宋体]复数[/font][font=Times New Roman])are boys. [/font][font=宋体]要注意的是当[/font][font=Times New Roman]the other[/font][font=宋体]作主语时，其后面的谓语动词要视具体情况而定，它可能是单数，也可能是复数。[/font][font=Times New Roman]others[/font][font=宋体]则只能作代词，其意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]other ones[/font][font=宋体]即为：泛指某些，某一部分人或物，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Each of us must think of others. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]the others[/font][font=宋体]只能作为代词，它是特指某一些人或物，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I know only one or two of the students; the others are unknown to me.[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]answer [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Someone is knocking at the door. Please reply the door bell.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Someone is knocking at the door, Please answer the door bell.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]answer[/font][font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]reply[/font][font=宋体]是近意词，作为及物动词用时有时二者是可以互换的，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The student answered/replied that he wanted to watch TV. [/font][font=宋体]但在某些特定场合则不易互换。作为应答之意时则多用[/font][font=Times New Roman]answer[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]You should answer to your name. Please answer my letter as soon as possible. Answer my question in English.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]any [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Do you have some questions?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Do you have any questions?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]some[/font][font=宋体]一般要用于肯定句，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]any[/font][font=宋体]则用于否定句或疑问句。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]China is larger than any other countries in Asia.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]China is larger than any other country in Asia.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要注意[font=Times New Roman]any other [/font][font=宋体]其后要跟单数名词，但[/font][font=Times New Roman]any of the other [/font][font=宋体]其后要接复数名词。[/font][font=Times New Roman]China[/font][font=宋体] [/font][font=Times New Roman]is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Here are some books; you can choose anyone of these.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Here are some books; you can choose any one of these.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]anyone[/font][font=宋体]只能指人，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]any one[/font][font=宋体]即可指人 也可以指物。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]around [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The nine planets go around of the sun.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The nine planets go around the sun.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]around[/font][font=宋体]后面不要再加介词，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The sun shines all around us.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]around round [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]作介词用的[font=Times New Roman]around[/font][font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]round[/font][font=宋体]通常可以互换，只不过美语常用[/font][font=Times New Roman]around[/font][font=宋体]，而英语常用[/font][font=Times New Roman]round[/font][font=宋体]，例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]You can see the post office round/around that corner. ([/font][font=宋体]绕过那个弯你就可以看到邮局。但是一定要区别它们的不同之处：[/font][font=Times New Roman]round[/font][font=宋体]可以用作形容词、副词、介词、动词、名词；而[/font][font=Times New Roman]around[/font][font=宋体]只能用作副词或介词。例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The post office is just round (around) the house ([/font][font=宋体]用作介词[/font][font=Times New Roman]). He has round face ([/font][font=宋体]用作形容词[/font][font=Times New Roman]). The river rounded the stones. ([/font][font=宋体]用作动词[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]arrive [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I arrived Beijing the day before yesterday.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I arrived in Beijing the day before yesterday.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I reached Beijing the day before yesterday.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He arrived in the school at 11[/font][font=宋体]∶[/font][font=Times New Roman]00.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He arrived at the school at 11[/font][font=宋体]∶[/font][font=Times New Roman]00.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]arrive[/font][font=宋体]为不及物动词，当到达的是较大的地理区域时用介词[/font][font=Times New Roman]in[/font][font=宋体]，而到达较小的地方时则用[/font][font=Times New Roman]at, [/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]arrive in New York, arrive at the village.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]arrive reach get [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]arrive[font=宋体]如上所述是不及物动词，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]reach[/font][font=宋体]则是及物动词。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]How did you reach the school this morning? [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]get[/font][font=宋体]可用作不及物动词，作[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]到达[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]讲时其后面多与[/font][font=Times New Roman]to[/font][font=宋体]连用。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]When did you get to New York?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]as [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]This man works in the bank for a manager.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]This man works in the bank as a manager.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]as[/font][font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]for[/font][font=宋体]有时是可以通用的。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]This room is used as (for) a classroom. [/font][font=宋体]但是用来指官衔、职位时只能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]as.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]My brother is so taller as Tom.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]My brother is as tall as Tom.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]as[/font][font=宋体]… [/font][font=Times New Roman]as[/font][font=宋体]之间只能用形容词与副词的原级，而不能用比较级。在否定句中可以用[/font][font=Times New Roman]so[/font][font=宋体]…[/font][font=Times New Roman]as[/font][font=宋体]，也可以用[/font][font=Times New Roman]as[/font][font=宋体]…[/font][font=Times New Roman]as[/font][font=宋体]，但在肯定句中只能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]as[/font][font=宋体]…[/font][font=Times New Roman]as[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He is not so tall as Tom.[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I'll give him the note as soon as he will come.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I'll give him the note as soon as he comes.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]as soon as[/font][font=宋体]所引导的状语从句中应使用一般时态表示将来。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]ask [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The student asked a question to the teacher.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The student asked the teacher a question.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]ask[/font][font=宋体]应接双宾语，即[/font][font=Times New Roman]ask somebody something.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]They asked some books.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]They asked for some books.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 向某人要求某物时应用[font=Times New Roman]ask somebody for something[/font][font=宋体]或[/font][font=Times New Roman]ask for something from somebody, [/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He asked his mother for some money. [/font][font=宋体]或[/font][font=Times New Roman]He asked for some money from his mother.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]asleep [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He is deeply asleep.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He is fast asleep.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要讲[font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]熟睡[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，就要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]fast[/font][font=宋体]来修饰[/font][font=Times New Roman]asleep[/font][font=宋体]。另外， 在英语中一般不讲[/font][font=Times New Roman]somebody is sleeping[/font][font=宋体]而要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]asleep[/font][font=宋体]。关于睡觉这一词的惯用法还有：[/font][font=Times New Roman]go to sleep([/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The old man usually goes to sleep at ten.)[/font][font=宋体]， [/font][font=Times New Roman]fall asleep([/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I fell asleep at English class yes terday.)[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]at [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]It will really do you no harm quite.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]It will really do you no harm at all.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]at all[/font][font=宋体]和[/font][font=Times New Roman]quite[/font][font=宋体]的汉语意思均为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]全然[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]确定的[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，但[/font][font=Times New Roman]at all[/font][font=宋体]适用于否定句，例如： [/font][font=Times New Roman]-I'm sorry. I'm late.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]-No trouble at all. [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]又如：[font=Times New Roman]I don't think it is right at all. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]quite[/font][font=宋体]则适用于肯定句，例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He is quite a good teacher.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The children play football for lunch.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The children play football at lunch.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 英语中的[font=Times New Roman]at lunch[/font][font=宋体]为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]在吃午饭时[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。这种惯用法还有[/font][font=Times New Roman]at work([/font][font=宋体]在工作[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]at table([/font][font=宋体]在吃饭[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]at desk([/font][font=宋体]在学习[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]。而[/font][font=Times New Roman]for lunch[/font][font=宋体]则是为午饭而准备的食物，又如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]We had some milk for breakfast.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]There is a post office in the corner of the street.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]There is a post office at the corner of the street.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]at the corner[/font][font=宋体]是指墙外面的角，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]in the corner[/font][font=宋体]是指建筑物内部的角落。例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]There is a computer in the corner of the room. There is a street lamp at the corner of the street.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]at in on [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]在表示时间时用来表示具体钟点用[font=Times New Roman]at[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He will be back at six. [/font][font=宋体]表示一天的上、 下午时要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]in,[/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I usually get up at six in the morning. [/font][font=宋体]但要注意的是，[/font][font=Times New Roman]in the morning[/font][font=宋体]和[/font][font=Times New Roman]in the afternoon[/font][font=宋体]这两个词组中如果加入了任何修饰词，其介词要换为[/font][font=Times New Roman]on[/font][font=宋体]， 如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]on the cold morning, on the hot afternoon.[/font][font=宋体]又如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]See you on Monday morning. [/font][font=宋体]如讲到具体的某一天，要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]on, [/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]on Sunday, [/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I usually want to visit my mother on Sundays. [/font][font=宋体]在谈到周、月、季、年时要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]in[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]All the children will be happy in Easter week. He was born in July. [/font][font=宋体]但要注意在泛指圣诞节、复活节、感恩节时都用[/font][font=Times New Roman]at, [/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Where are you going at Easter.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p] [b]回复 [url=http://bbs.tingroom.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=238618&ptid=110491]1#[/url] [i]kobe[/i] [/b]
[color=#000]B[/color][color=#000][/color][color=#000][/color][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]back [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I'm sorry. I have to back home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I'm sorry. I have to go back home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I'm sorry. I have to go home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]back[/font][font=宋体]用作[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]回到[/font][font=Times New Roman]([/font][font=宋体]某处[/font][font=Times New Roman])"[/font][font=宋体]之意，不是动词。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]be [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Where do you from?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Where are you from?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]你从何处来[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]应为[/font][font=Times New Roman]Where are you from?[/font][font=宋体]或[/font][font=Times New Roman]Where do you come from? [/font][font=宋体]但要注意这两句话均是问对方从哪个国家来的。要是口语中问[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]你是从什么地方来[/font][font=Times New Roman]?"[/font][font=宋体]应讲[/font][font=Times New Roman]Where did you come from? [/font][font=宋体]回答用[/font][font=Times New Roman]I came from the library.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]beat [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]We have won your class.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We have beaten your class.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We have won the game.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]win[/font][font=宋体]是胜过之意，它是及物动词，但其后的宾语只能接比赛、战争、奖品、奖金的名称，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Which team won the football match? [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]beat[/font][font=宋体]指打败对手、敌人……如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]My brother beat me at poker.([/font][font=宋体]要注意的是，[/font][font=Times New Roman]beat[/font][font=宋体]的过去式与原形相同，而过去分词为[/font][font=Times New Roman]beaten)[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The ball beat me badly.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The ball hit me badly.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He used to hit the little boy black and blue.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He used to beat the little boy black and blue.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]beat[/font][font=宋体]指打击多次，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]hit[/font][font=宋体]则为击中对方的一次性打击。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]beautiful [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He is a beautiful boy.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He is a handsome boy.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 我们可以讲[font=Times New Roman]She is a beautiful girl. This is a beautiful park. [/font][font=宋体]但要讲男人的[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]英俊[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]时要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]handsome.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]because [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The reason why I was late is because I was ill.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The reason why I was late is that I was ill.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Because it was Sunday, so the park was crowded.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Because it was Sunday the park was crowded.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 这种错误是因为中文的习惯与英语的表述法不同，中文常讲我来晚了的原因是因为我病了，而英文中的第二个因为要用[font=Times New Roman]that[/font][font=宋体]代替。又因中文常讲因为……所以……，而英文中用了因为就不能再用所以了，同样用了[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]所以[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]也就不要再用[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]因为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]一词。例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Because we study hard, we passed the exam easily. [/font][font=宋体]或者：[/font][font=Times New Roman]We study hard so we passed the exam easily.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]because because of [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]because[font=宋体]后要接从句，例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]We like physics because we can learn a lot of new ideas. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]because of[/font][font=宋体]后要接名词作介词宾语，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He is not at school because of the illness.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]before [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]We have two hours to kill before we will go home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We have two hours to kill before we go home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]kill time[/font][font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]消磨时光[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]英语状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。如：[font=Times New Roman]If it rains we will not go to the park.[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I did this work two days before.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I did this work two days ago.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 用[font=Times New Roman]ago[/font][font=宋体]组成的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词要用过去时，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]before[/font][font=宋体]引起的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词多用完成时，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I has done this work a few days before.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]before long long before [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]before long[font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]不久[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]之意，例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I shall go to America before long. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]long before[/font][font=宋体]则是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]很久很久[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]之意，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]We knew this teacher long before we saw him. ([/font][font=宋体]我们在看到这位老师之前很久就知道他了。[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]begin [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The meeting will begin from Monday.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The meeting will begin on Monday.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The film has begun for ten minutes.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The film has been on for ten minutes.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]begin[/font][font=宋体]是瞬间动词，所以它的完成时态不能接表示一段时间的状语，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The film has begun. [/font][font=宋体]这句话是对的，即[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]电影已经开始[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。但要讲已经开始[/font][font=Times New Roman]10[/font][font=宋体]分钟了则要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]has been on[/font][font=宋体]即[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]上演了[/font][font=Times New Roman]10[/font][font=宋体]分钟[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]begin start [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]begin[font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]start[/font][font=宋体]两词后面加不定式或动名词都可以，且意思并无区别，但在表达习惯时接动名词的用法较多，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]How old wern you when you first started learning English?[/font][font=宋体]但这两个词的进行时态中则多用不定式，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I was beginning to get hungry. [/font][font=宋体]但如果句子的主语是物而不是人，则多用不定式，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The ice began to melt. It started to get dark before we got to school. [/font][font=宋体]当动词是表达某种心理状态时，要用不定式，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The student began to understand his mistakes.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]They study hard in the class from beginning to end.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]from beginning to end[/font][font=宋体]是习惯用法，即自始至终，不要加冠词，但如单独使用则要加冠词，例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]At the beginning,the teacher gave us an exam.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]behind [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He missed the class because he was behind the time.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He missed the class because he was behind time.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]behind time[/font][font=宋体]一短语意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]晚了[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]behind the times[/font][font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]落后于时代[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][font=Times New Roman]behind[/font][font=宋体]是介词同时又是副词，如[/font][font=Times New Roman]Come out from behind the door([/font][font=宋体]介词[/font][font=Times New Roman]). He's a long way behind([/font][font=宋体]副词[/font][font=Times New Roman]). He fell behind with his classmates([/font][font=宋体]副词[/font][font=Times New Roman]).[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]below [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]What's that below the chair.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]What's that under the chair.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]under[/font][font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]正下方[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]below[/font][font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]比……低[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，或指[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]在下游[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]There is a fall below the river. ([/font][font=宋体]河的下游有一个瀑布。[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]其反义词为[/font][font=Times New Roman]over[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]There is a big plane flying over the city. [/font][font=宋体]但在[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]下面的例子[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]一表达语中则要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]the example below, [/font][font=宋体]而不要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]under.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]beside [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The students stood besides the teacher.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The students stood beside the teacher.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I study English beside Chinese.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I study English besides Chinese.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]beside[/font][font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]在……旁边[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]besides[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]除……以外[/font][font=Times New Roman]([/font][font=宋体]还如何[/font][font=Times New Roman])"[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]beside by near [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]beside[font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]在……旁[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]There is a tall tree beside the river. by[/font][font=宋体]多指[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]倚、靠[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]沿着[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]之意，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]She is standing by the window. near[/font][font=宋体]多用来表示两地间距离不远，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]There is a post office near our school.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]better [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]You had better to do it at home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]You had better do it at home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]You hadn't better wake me up at six.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]You had better not wake me up at six.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]had better[/font][font=宋体]在肯定句中为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]应该作某事[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，其后加不带[/font][font=Times New Roman]to[/font][font=宋体]的不定式，而在否定句中应用[/font][font=Times New Roman]had better+not+[/font][font=宋体]动词原形。在简答语中[/font][font=Times New Roman]had[/font][font=宋体]常省略为[/font][font=Times New Roman]'d[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]You'd better not. [/font][font=宋体]又如：[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000][font=Times New Roman]Let's[/font][font=宋体] [/font][font=Times New Roman]go first. No, we'd better not.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]between [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 两者之间多用[font=Times New Roman]between[/font][font=宋体]，三者或三者以上之间则用[/font][font=Times New Roman]among.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]You must choose between this club or that club.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]You must choose between this club and that club.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 在两个之间作出选择要用[font=Times New Roman]between[/font][font=宋体]…[/font][font=Times New Roman]and[/font][font=宋体]…，而不能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]between[/font][font=宋体]…[/font][font=Times New Roman]or[/font][font=宋体]…[/font][font=Times New Roman].[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]big [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]There was a big rain last night.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]There was a heavy rain last night.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 大雨在英语中只能用[font=Times New Roman]a heavy rain[/font][font=宋体]而不要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]a big rain. [/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]bit [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He is a bit fool. [/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He is a bit of a fool.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]a bit[/font][font=宋体]可以作程度副词，与[/font][font=Times New Roman]a little[/font][font=宋体]相同，但它用于名词前应用[/font][font=Times New Roman]a bit of, [/font][font=宋体]而用于形容词前则应用[/font][font=Times New Roman]a bit[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I'm a bit tired, [/font][font=宋体]而其简答的否定句应为[/font][font=Times New Roman]Not a bit, ([/font][font=宋体]一点儿也不。[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]又如：[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]-Do you mind if I open the door?[font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]-Not a bit. [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]black [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The children became black after swimming in the sea.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 因太阳照晒而皮肤变黑，不应用[font=Times New Roman]black[/font][font=宋体]而应用[/font][font=Times New Roman]sunburned, sun colour[/font][font=宋体]或[/font][font=Times New Roman]dark.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The girl has black eyes and black [/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]hair.[font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The girl has dark eyes and black hair.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 英语中[font=Times New Roman]black eyes[/font][font=宋体]的意思是被打得发青的眼睛。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The Europeans like red tea.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The Europeans like black tea.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 红茶在英文中应为[font=Times New Roman]black tea. [/font][font=宋体]这种惯用法还有：[/font][font=Times New Roman]black and blue([/font][font=宋体]鼻青脸肿，青一块紫一块[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]；[/font][font=Times New Roman]black[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]and[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]white([/font][font=宋体]黑白电视片[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][font=Times New Roman]go black[/font][font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]在失去知觉时眼前一片黑暗[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]；[/font][font=Times New Roman]look black[/font][font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]情况不妙，前景暗淡[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]After the fight he was black and blue.On TV, I like colour for something and black[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]and[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]white for others.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]body [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 中文常讲对你身体有利，而英文中则讲对你健康有利。[/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]borrow [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]May I lend some books from the library?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]May I borrow some books from the library?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]How long can I borrow it?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]How long can I keep it?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 英语中有三个词都可译为[font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]借[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，但意义各不相同如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]借入[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]borrow[/font][font=宋体]，其常用句型结构是[/font][font=Times New Roman]borrow something from somebody[/font][font=宋体]，这是个瞬间性动词，不可与表示延续的时间状语连用。例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The students want to borrow some books from the library. "[/font][font=宋体]借出[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]用[/font][font=Times New Roman]lend[/font][font=宋体]，即借给别人东西。其常用句型是[/font][font=Times New Roman]lend somebody something, [/font][font=宋体]或[/font][font=Times New Roman]lend something to somebody.[/font][font=宋体]例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Could you lend us your dictionary?[/font][font=宋体]或[/font][font=Times New Roman]Could you lend your dictionary to us? [/font][font=宋体]它也是瞬间性动词，也不能与延续的时间状语连用。[/font][font=Times New Roman]keep[/font][font=宋体]则是延续性动词，可以和表示长时间段的时间状语连用，也可与[/font][font=Times New Roman]how long[/font][font=宋体]等疑问词连用，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]You can keep it for three days.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]born (bear[font=宋体]的过去分词[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I born in Shanghai.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I was born in Shanghai.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He was born from Greek parents.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He was born of Greek parents.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]出身于……样的家庭[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]不要作[/font][font=Times New Roman]from[/font][font=宋体]而要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]of[/font][font=宋体]，例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He was born of a poor family. [/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]both [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]They both are students.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]They are both students.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]They refuse both to answer this question.[/font][font=宋体] [/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]They both refuse to answer this question.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]both[/font][font=宋体]作同位语时，一般要用在[/font][font=Times New Roman]be[/font][font=宋体]动词之后实意动词之前。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I know his both parents.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I know both his parents.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The both brothers were students.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Both the brothers were students.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Both brothers were students.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 当[font=Times New Roman]both[/font][font=宋体]与形容词性物主代词[/font][font=Times New Roman]my, his, her[/font][font=宋体]等以及定冠词[/font][font=Times New Roman]the[/font][font=宋体]连用时，都应将这些词置于[/font][font=Times New Roman]both[/font][font=宋体]之后。另外，在与定冠词连用时[/font][font=Times New Roman]the[/font][font=宋体]可以省略。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Both of my parents are not at home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Neither of my parents are at home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Both of your answers are not right.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Neither of your answers is right.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Both your answers are wrong.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]both[/font][font=宋体]不能用于否定句中作主语。表示[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]两者都不[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]时要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]neither;[/font][font=宋体]但作宾语时[/font][font=Times New Roman]both[/font][font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]either[/font][font=宋体]则都对，但要注意句意有所不同。例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I cannot give both of the books to you. ([/font][font=宋体]我不能将两本书全给你。[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]I cannot give either of the books to you. ([/font][font=宋体]两本书中哪本书也不能给你。[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]bring [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Please bring this dictionary to Mr Brown.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Please take this dictionary to Mr Brown.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Next time, please take your little sister here.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Next time, please bring your little sister here.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 英语中[font=Times New Roman]bring[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]带来[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]take[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]带走[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。还有一个词[/font][font=Times New Roman]fetch, [/font][font=宋体]表示[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]到某处去把某物取、接回来[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Please fetch the doctor at once.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]business [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]My father went to Shanghai for business.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]My father went to Shanghai on business.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]on business[/font][font=宋体]出差[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]busy [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The students were very busy to prepare for the exam.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The students were very busy preparing for the exam.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]be busy doing something[/font][font=宋体]为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]忙于作某事[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The students were busy for the exam.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The students were busy with the exam.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]busy[/font][font=宋体]直接接名词时应用[/font][font=Times New Roman]with.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]but [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He couldn't help but realizing that he was wrong.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He couldn't help but realize that he was wrong.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]She couldn't help to cry when she saw her mother.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]She couldn't help crying when she saw her mother.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]couldn't help[/font][font=宋体]其后应接动名词，表示情不自禁的动作，但[/font][font=Times New Roman]couldn't help but[/font][font=宋体]后面要加动词原形即省[/font][font=Times New Roman]to[/font][font=宋体]的不定式，所以前一句应译为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]他才真正认识到他错了。[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]buy [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I have bought this dictionary for three years.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I have had this dictionary for three years.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]buy[/font][font=宋体]是截止性[/font][font=Times New Roman]([/font][font=宋体]即瞬间[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]动词，它可以有完成时，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I have bought this dictionary. [/font][font=宋体]但是不能与表示较长的时间状语连用。如要讲我这本字典已买了[/font][font=Times New Roman]3[/font][font=宋体]年了则要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]have had[/font][font=宋体]这一结构即我拥有这本字典已[/font][font=Times New Roman]3[/font][font=宋体]年了。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]by [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The boy shot the cat by a gun.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The boy shot the cat with a gun.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He came to school by a taxi this morning.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He came to school by taxi this morning.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 作为某种运输手段来讲，[font=Times New Roman]by[/font][font=宋体]与名词间不能有冠词，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]by car, by bike, by air[/font][font=宋体]等。如有了冠词或其他修饰词，则应用别的相应的介词，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]我们今天早上是乘他的车来的[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]一句应译为：[/font][font=Times New Roman]We came here in his car this morning.[/font][font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]by[/font][font=宋体]结合而成的词组很多，常用的有：[/font][font=Times New Roman]by the way[/font][font=宋体]顺便说说；[/font][font=Times New Roman]by hand[/font][font=宋体]手工制作；[/font][font=Times New Roman]by oneself[/font][font=宋体]独自地；[/font][font=Times New Roman]by no means[/font][font=宋体]决不。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left]
[color=#000][/color][/p] [b]回复 [url=http://bbs.tingroom.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=238619&ptid=110491]2#[/url] [i]kobe[/i] [/b]
[color=#000]C[/color][color=#000][/color][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]call [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I'll call at Mr Brown.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I'll call on Mr Brown.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I'll call on Mr Brown's home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I'll call at Mr Brown's home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 作[font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]拜访[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]讲时，[/font][font=Times New Roman]at[/font][font=宋体]后面接访问地点，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]on[/font][font=宋体]后面接访问的人。 [/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000] [font=Times New Roman]call on drop in visit [/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]call on[font=宋体]比较正式的为公务的访问，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]We were called on by the old students. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]drop in[/font][font=宋体]则是比较随便的走走，顺便拜访，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]If you're free, drop in. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]visit[/font][font=宋体]则是更正式的外交访问或友好往来，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]My school's headmaster will visit America next week.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]can [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]A blind man can not judge colours.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]A blind man cannot judge colours.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I cann't call for you at ten.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I can't call for you at ten.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]can[/font][font=宋体]的否定形式应为[/font][font=Times New Roman]cannot[/font][font=宋体]或[/font][font=Times New Roman]can't.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]It's only six o'clock. That mustn't be the postman.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]It's only six o'clock. That can't be the postman.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]must[/font][font=宋体]用来表示一种肯定的推断，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]She must have some problems. She keeps crying. [/font][font=宋体]但在否定句中则要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]can't[/font][font=宋体]， 要表示对过去的推测则要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]"must+have+[/font][font=宋体]过去分词[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]的表达法，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The lights have gone out.A fuse must have blown.[/font][font=宋体]而对过去的否定推测则多用[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]can't[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]+have+[/font][font=宋体]过去分词[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I don't think he can have heard you. Call again.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]We could not help to laugh at once.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We could not help laughing at once.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We could not help but laugh at once.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]"couldn't help+[/font][font=宋体]动名词[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]表示禁不住做了某事。但[/font][font=Times New Roman]could not help but[/font][font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]could not but[/font][font=宋体]后面要加不带[/font][font=Times New Roman]to[/font][font=宋体]的不定式，意思都是不得不去做某事[/font][font=Times New Roman].[/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]You could not (help) but respect him.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]can be able to [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]can[font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]be able to[/font][font=宋体]都可以用来表示能力，但[/font][font=Times New Roman]can[/font][font=宋体]只有现在时与过去时，[/font][font=Times New Roman]be able to[/font][font=宋体]则可用任何时态，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He will be able to teach the child. [/font][font=宋体]但要表示经过努力而达到的一次性动作则只能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]be able to[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He finally was able to jump over 2[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]10 meters. [/font][font=宋体]或：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The plane was able to fly over the mountain. [/font][font=宋体]但要注意的是这两个词都没有进行时态，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]be able to[/font][font=宋体]后面不接不定式的被动态。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]can could [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]can[font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]could[/font][font=宋体]都可以用在现在时的口语中，只是用[/font][font=Times New Roman]could[/font][font=宋体]更为礼貌，语气更委婉。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Could you tell us a story? [/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]care [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I don't care coffee.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I don't care for coffee.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Take care for your steps.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Take care of your steps.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]care for[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]对某物感兴趣[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]care of[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]关心，要当心某事[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]She didn't care for him. Take care of what you are doing.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I don't care where we will go if it doesn't rain.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I don't care where we go if it doesn't rain.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 在[font=Times New Roman]it doesn't matter, I don't care, I don't mind, [/font][font=宋体]及[/font][font=Times New Roman]in case[/font][font=宋体]引出的状语从句后面要用现在时表示将来。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I've got a football in case we have time for a game.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]change [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I want to change my camera with that one.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I want to change my camera for that one.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]change for[/font][font=宋体]为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]以某物为交换物[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。而[/font][font=Times New Roman]change with[/font][font=宋体]则是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]随……而变[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The wood's colour changed with the season.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]cheap [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]A teacher's salary is generally very cheap.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]A teacher's salary is generally very low.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 工资的高低要用[font=Times New Roman]low[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]cheap[/font][font=宋体]是指价格便宜，如果要讲物美价廉则要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]not expensive, [/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]This car is not expensive.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]choose [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]We each had to have a choose of A or B.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We each had to have a choice of A or B.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]choice[/font][font=宋体]是名词，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]choose[/font][font=宋体]是动词。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]class [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The class is watching TV.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The class are watching TV.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]class[/font][font=宋体]作主语时，如果作为整体讲则应用单数形式的谓语动词，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The class was more than forty in number. [/font][font=宋体]如考虑到具体的每个成员时则应用复数形式的谓语动词，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The class are, in general, very bright.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]clean [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I cleanly forgot.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I clean forgot.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]clean[/font][font=宋体]可以作为副词讲，其意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]完全[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]cleanly[/font][font=宋体]则意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]正确地[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]干净利落地[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The knife doesn't cut cleanly. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]clean[/font][font=宋体]作为形容词讲时意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]清洁的[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]干净的[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Her face is not clean now.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]clever [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I'm not clever in English.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I'm not clever at English.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]clever at[/font][font=宋体]是固定搭配，表示在某方面有特长。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]close [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]It is cold outside. Please keep the door close.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]It is cold outside. Please keep the door closed.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 这里的[font=Times New Roman]close[/font][font=宋体]是动词，意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]关闭[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]keep[/font][font=宋体]后要加形容词，所以要用[/font][font=Times New Roman]close[/font][font=宋体]的过去分词形式[/font][font=Times New Roman]closed[/font][font=宋体]作形容词。作形容词用的[/font][font=Times New Roman]close[/font][font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]近的[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]亲密的[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Come closely so that I can see you.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Come close so that I can see you.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Good teaching and good testing are close related.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Good teaching and good testing are closely related.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]close,closely[/font][font=宋体]同样可以作副词用，但其意义不同，[/font][font=Times New Roman]close[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]靠近[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]接近[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]之意，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]closely[/font][font=宋体]则是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]紧密[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]严密[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]密切[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]之意。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]My school was quite close from my home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]My school was quite close to my home.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]与……接近[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]close to[/font][font=宋体]…，例如：[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]He was close to fifty.[font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]There is a bus[font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]stop close to the station.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]close shut turn [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]shut[font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]close[/font][font=宋体]是同义词，如[/font][font=Times New Roman]close the door[/font][font=宋体]或[/font][font=Times New Roman]shut the door. [/font][font=宋体]但要讲把某人关在门外时则只能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]shut somebody out[/font][font=宋体]而不能用[/font][font=Times New Roman]close[/font][font=宋体]，因[/font][font=Times New Roman]shut[/font][font=宋体]语气较强，并含有隔离之意。而[/font][font=Times New Roman]turn off[/font][font=宋体]是指关上电视、电灯、煤气之类，有切断之意。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]cloth [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The children wear very good cloth to go to school.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The children wear very good clothes to go to school.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I need a lot of clothing.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]I'm going to make a new cloth. [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I need a lot of cloth.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]I'm going to make a new dress. [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]cloth[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]布[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]布料[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，没有复数形式。一块布料是[/font][font=Times New Roman]a piece of cloth, [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]clothes[/font][font=宋体]统指衣服，是复数名词，[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]一套衣服[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]要讲[/font][font=Times New Roman]a suit of clothes[/font][font=宋体]， 如果是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]一件件衣服[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]应讲[/font][font=Times New Roman]shirt, dress, sweater[/font][font=宋体]等。而[/font][font=Times New Roman]clothing[/font][font=宋体]是衣物的总称，是不可数名词。例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]This clothing is needed in warm countries.Her clothes are made of fine cloth.[/font][font=宋体]英语中的[/font][font=Times New Roman]dress[/font][font=宋体]是指比较正式的服装，如[/font][font=Times New Roman]a school dress([/font][font=宋体]校服[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]a student dress([/font][font=宋体]学生套装[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]a working dress([/font][font=宋体]工作服[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]coffee [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Please give me two waters.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Please give me two coffees.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Please give me two cups of water.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 虽然[font=Times New Roman]coffee, water, tea[/font][font=宋体]等都是物质名词，但是只有[/font][font=Times New Roman]coffee[/font][font=宋体]可用[/font][font=Times New Roman]coffees[/font][font=宋体]取代若干杯[/font][font=Times New Roman]coffee,[/font][font=宋体]而其他的却不行，其前要加[/font][font=Times New Roman]a cup of[/font][font=宋体]或[/font][font=Times New Roman]a glass of.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]colour(color) [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Colours of flowers are red, yellow and white.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Flowers are red, yellow and white.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 中文的[font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]花的颜色有红色、黄色和白色[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，若译为英文[/font][font=Times New Roman]Colours of flowers are[/font][font=宋体]…，就显得重复了。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I like green colour.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I like green.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I like colour green.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]colour green[/font][font=宋体]中的[/font][font=Times New Roman]colour[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]green[/font][font=宋体]的同位语，所以这种说话方式英语是可以接受的。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]come [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I came across with an old friend in the street yesterday.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I came across an old friend in the street yesterday.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]come across[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]偶然碰见、遇见[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，要直接加宾语，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I've just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Where do you come from?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]I come from the station. [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Where did you come from?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]I came from the station. [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Where do you come from?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]I come from China. [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]Where do you come from?[/font][font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]你是什么地方的人[/font][font=Times New Roman]?"[/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]Where did you come from?[/font][font=宋体]则是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]你从何处来[/font][font=Times New Roman]?" [/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The stars are coming out from the cloud.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The stars are coming out of the cloud.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]come out of[/font][font=宋体]意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]从……地方出来[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]come in come into enter [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]come in[font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]come into[/font][font=宋体]的意义相同，但[/font][font=Times New Roman]come into[/font][font=宋体]后面要加宾语，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]come in[/font][font=宋体]后面不用宾语。如[/font][font=Times New Roman]I found someone came into my room. The door opened and the child came in.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]enter[font=宋体]常作为及物动词使用，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The bus entered the English tunnel.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]congratulate [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 动词[font=Times New Roman]congratulate somebody on something[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]向某人祝贺某事[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。其名词[/font][font=Times New Roman]congratulation[/font][font=宋体]在用时一般要用复数，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I offered him my congratulations on his success.[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]又如：[font=Times New Roman]Congratulations![/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]cook [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]My father is a good cooker.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]My father is a good cook.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 很多动词加上[font=Times New Roman]er[/font][font=宋体]则变为执行该动作的一种人，如[/font][font=Times New Roman]work[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]worker,teach[/font][font=宋体][/font][font=Times New Roman]teacher. [/font][font=宋体]但[/font][font=Times New Roman]cook[/font][font=宋体]即是动词[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]做饭[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，同时名词也是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]厨师[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。而[/font][font=Times New Roman]cooker[/font][font=宋体]则是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]厨具[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]炊具[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]之意。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I will cook the dinner. I bought a good press cooker([/font][font=宋体]高压锅[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]corner [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]There is a post office in the corner of the street.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]There is a post office at the corner of the street.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]A girl sat at the corner of the room.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]A girl sat in the corner of the room.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]in the corner[/font][font=宋体]是在建筑物内部的角上，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]at the corner[/font][font=宋体]是在外部的角上，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]There is a big tree at the corner of the building.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]cost [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I cost ten dollars for the book.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I spent ten dollars on the book.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I cost two hours to do my homework.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]It took me two hours to do my homework.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]cost, spend. take[/font][font=宋体]都可以作[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]花费[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]讲，但用法不同。[/font][font=Times New Roman]cost[/font][font=宋体]的用法是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"something+cost+somebody+[/font][font=宋体]时间或金钱[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The book cost me ten dollars. spend[/font][font=宋体]的用法是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"somebody+spend+[/font][font=宋体]时间[/font][font=Times New Roman]+(in)doing something"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I spent two hours (in) writing this book. [/font][font=宋体]或[/font][font=Times New Roman]"somebody+spend+[/font][font=宋体]金钱[/font][font=Times New Roman]+on something"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I spend two dollars on this book. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]take[/font][font=宋体]的用法则要用逻辑主语[/font][font=Times New Roman]it:"It+takes+somebody+[/font][font=宋体]时间[/font][font=Times New Roman]+to do something", [/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]It took me an hour to clean the classroom.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]country [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]You can find cows in a country.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]You can find cows in the country.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]country[/font][font=宋体]即可作[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]国家[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]讲，也可作[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]农村[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]讲。当作[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]农村[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]讲时，一定要加定冠词，而且只有单数形式。例如：[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Farmers live in the countries.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Farmers live in the country.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 但作为[font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]国家[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]讲时则可有单、复数形式，例如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Japan is an Asian country. Japan, China, and India are Asian countries.[/font][font=宋体]另外，[/font][font=Times New Roman]country[/font][font=宋体]一般指的是地理概念上的国家，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]New Zealand is an agricultural country. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]nation[/font][font=宋体]多指民族组成的国家，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The Chinese nation([/font][font=宋体]中华民族[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][font=Times New Roman]state[/font][font=宋体]多侧重于政权方面的区域、国家范围，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]the state farm([/font][font=宋体]国营农场[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]cross [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]There are traffic lights at the cross.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]There are traffic lights at the crossing.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]cross[/font][font=宋体]作为名词讲时是十字架、十字形的东西，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Red Cross([/font][font=宋体]红十字会[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The little boy is going to across the street.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The little boy is going to cross the street.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]across[/font][font=宋体]是副词或介词，但不能作动词用。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]cross pass [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]cross[font=宋体]是指横过某地，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He crossed the square. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]pass[/font][font=宋体]则强调从某物体旁经过，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I mailed some letters when I passed the post office.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]crowd [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The room soon was crowded by people.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The room soon was crowded with people.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]crowded[/font][font=宋体]在这句话中应作为形容词，所以这句话不是被动语态而是系表结构，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The room was crowded with books.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]cup [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]A silver glass was given to the winner.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]A silver cup was given to the winner.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]My mother was looking for the whisky cup.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]My mother was looking for the whisky glass.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]glass[/font][font=宋体]一般指由玻璃制成的器皿，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]cup[/font][font=宋体]多指用陶瓷或金属制成的杯子，且[/font][font=Times New Roman]cup[/font][font=宋体]尤其用在奖杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子，如我们讲[/font][font=Times New Roman]I drink a glass of wine at supper. [/font][font=宋体]而不讲[/font][font=Times New Roman]I drink a cup of wine at supper.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p] [b]回复 [url=http://bbs.tingroom.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=238620&ptid=110491]3#[/url] [i]kobe[/i] [/b]
[color=#000]D[font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]dance [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]We'll invite you and your wife to a dance party.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We'll invite you and your wife to a dancing party.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We'll invite you and your wife to a dance.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We'll invite you and your wife to a ball.([/font][font=宋体]美语中常用[/font][font=Times New Roman]ball[/font][font=宋体]作为舞会。[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]date [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He studied ten hours a date.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He studied ten hours a day.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]date[/font][font=宋体]是指具体日期。如问[/font][font=Times New Roman]What's the date today? [/font][font=宋体]应回答具体日期：[/font][font=Times New Roman]"October 1st 1998."[/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]day[/font][font=宋体]是指[/font][font=Times New Roman]1[/font][font=宋体]日[/font][font=Times New Roman](24[/font][font=宋体]小时[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]。如[/font][font=Times New Roman]What day is today? [/font][font=宋体]问的是星期几，应回答[/font][font=Times New Roman]"It's Sunday."[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]Today's date is January first. 1998.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Today's date is January 1[/font][font=宋体]， [/font][font=Times New Roman]1998.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]Today's date is January 1st[/font][font=宋体]， [/font][font=Times New Roman]1998.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 在日期书写中不要用序数词全写，而要用[font=Times New Roman]1st[/font][font=宋体]， [/font][font=Times New Roman]2nd[/font][font=宋体]， [/font][font=Times New Roman]3rd[/font][font=宋体]……如果一定要用序数词，其顺序应为：[/font][font=Times New Roman]It is the first of January.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]day [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]This is a book about every day English.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]This is a book about everyday English.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]This is an everyday English book.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]We go to school everyday.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We go to school every day.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]everyday[/font][font=宋体]是形容词，意为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]日常的[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]every day[/font][font=宋体]则是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]每天[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]天天[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]之意。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]dead [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]My father has died for ten years.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]My father has been dead for ten years.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]die[/font][font=宋体]是瞬间动词，它可以用于完成时，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]My father has died. [/font][font=宋体]但用于完成时不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。它也可以用于过去时，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]My father died three years ago[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]We'll always remember the deads who were killed in the war.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]We'll always remember the dead who were killed in the war.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 形容词前如加定冠词表示一类人，如[font=Times New Roman]the rich([/font][font=宋体]富人[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]the sick([/font][font=宋体]病人[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]the poor([/font][font=宋体]穷人[/font][font=Times New Roman])[/font][font=宋体]，其后的谓语动词要用复数，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The rich are not always happy.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]dead deadly [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]dead[font=宋体]在某些词组里是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]完全[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]、[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]的确[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]的意思，如[/font][font=Times New Roman]dead right, dead tired, dead sure[/font][font=宋体]。而[/font][font=Times New Roman]deadly[/font][font=宋体]则是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]致命的[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The rich man had many deadly enemies. [/font][font=宋体]又如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Cancer is a deadly disease. [/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]dead died [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]dead[font=宋体]是形容词，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Mrs Ginty was dead. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]died[/font][font=宋体]是动词[/font][font=Times New Roman]die[/font][font=宋体]的过去式及过去分词，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]She died in 1960.[/font][font=宋体]但英语中如表达出对某人去世的伤感说法是[/font][font=Times New Roman]pass away, [/font][font=宋体]如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]My father passed away, this morning.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]deer [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]In the zoo, there are many deers.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]In the zoo, there are many deer.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]deer[/font][font=宋体]是单、复数同形的词，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]one deer[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]two deer[/font][font=宋体]，这样的名词还有[/font][font=Times New Roman]fish[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]sheep[/font][font=宋体]等。但如果讲[/font][font=Times New Roman]There are many fishes here. [/font][font=宋体]这句话应译为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]这里有许多种鱼类。[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]而不应译为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]这里有很多鱼。[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]desk [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The boy sat in his desk.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The boy sat at his desk.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 在课桌旁坐着应用介词[font=Times New Roman]at, [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]at desk [/font][font=宋体]则应译为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]在学习[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]at table[/font][font=宋体]应译为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]在吃饭[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]die [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]In South Africa many people died from cancer.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]In South Africa many people died of cancer.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The old man died of overwork.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The old man died from overwork.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 死于疾病应用[font=Times New Roman]die of[/font][font=宋体]，而死于某种外因事故则多用[/font][font=Times New Roman]from.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]His mother is died.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]His mother is dead.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The old woman was dead at the age of seventy.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The old woman died at the age of seventy.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]dead[/font][font=宋体]是形容词，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]die[/font][font=宋体]是动词。形容词表示状态，动词则表示动作。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He died in a traffic accident.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]He was killed in a traffic accident.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 由于事故而造成的死亡一般用[font=Times New Roman]to be killed.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]When the doctor came[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]the old man had already died.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]When the doctor came[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]the old man was already dead.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The old man died before the doctor came.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]different [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]My room is different with yours.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]My room is different from yours.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The village is very different with what it was.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The village is very different from what it was.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]different from[/font][font=宋体]是[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]与……不同[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]之意。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]difficult [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]English is very difficult to be learned.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]English is very difficult to learn.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]He learned physics is difficult.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]It is very difficult for him to learn physics.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 要学习英语的表达法而不要生硬地按字去译中文。[font=Times New Roman]It is difficult for somebody to do something.[/font][font=宋体]为[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]对于某人来说做某事很困难。[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]difficulty [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]There was little difficulty to find him.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]There was little difficulty in finding him.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 这种用法还有[font=Times New Roman]trouble, [/font][font=宋体]即[/font][font=Times New Roman]difficulty (trouble) in doing something.[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]dinner [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]When did you have the supper?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]When did you have supper?[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 英语中一日三餐前无冠词，例如：[/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I had a lunch at 12 o'clock.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I had lunch at 12 o'clock.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 在某些特定场合，如指某次宴会，则要加冠词，如：[font=Times New Roman]The dinner was given in honour of the guest.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]dress [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]My father bought a new dress for himself yesterday.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]My father bought a new suit for himself yesterday.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ 一般来讲男套装用[font=Times New Roman]suit[/font][font=宋体]，女服则用[/font][font=Times New Roman]dress[/font][font=宋体]；作男服的服装店是[/font][font=Times New Roman]tailor shop (tailor's), [/font][font=宋体]而做女装的服装店是[/font][font=Times New Roman]dressmaker's.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The mother dressed the clothes on her child.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The mother dressed her child.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]dress[/font][font=宋体]作及物动词当[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]穿衣服[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]讲时，其后不能接衣服而只能接人，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The boy is still too young to dress himself. [/font][font=宋体]但作为一种穿着打扮的状态时，则多用其过去分词作形容词，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He is not dressed in his new suit.[/font][font=宋体]或[/font][font=Times New Roman]She is dressed in red. [/font][font=宋体]词组[/font][font=Times New Roman]dress up[/font][font=宋体]是过节日时应服装整齐，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]They dressed up for the holiday. [/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]dress have on put on wear [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]要区别这几个动词需分清是表示动作的动词还是表示状态的动词。表示状态的动词是[font=Times New Roman]have on[/font][font=宋体]和[/font][font=Times New Roman]wear[/font][font=宋体]，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]He has on a white coat. He was wearing heavy shoes. [/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]put on[/font][font=宋体]则表示穿衣的动作，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]Put on your coat,it is cold outside.[/font][font=宋体]而[/font][font=Times New Roman]dress[/font][font=宋体]即可以作状态又可以作动作，作动作讲时其后面接人而不能接衣服，作穿着状态时则多用[/font][font=Times New Roman]dressed[/font][font=宋体]的形式。如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]I saw a lady dressed in red. I saw a girl dressing herself.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]drop [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]The students fell their voice.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]The students dropped their voice.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]drop[/font][font=宋体]与[/font][font=Times New Roman]fall[/font][font=宋体]都可以表示[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]落下、掉下[/font][font=Times New Roman]"[/font][font=宋体]之意，有时可以互换，如：[/font][font=Times New Roman]The dictionary fell (dropped) from the table. [/font][font=宋体]但[/font][font=Times New Roman]drop[/font][font=宋体]还可以作及物动词，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]fall[/font][font=宋体]一般只能作不及物动词。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I shall drop in you.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I shall drop in on you.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]drop in[/font][font=宋体]是随便拜访某人，而其后要接人时应加介词[/font][font=Times New Roman]on[/font][font=宋体]再加人称。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]during [font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]During I was sick[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]I couldn't eat well.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]While I was sick[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman]I couldn't eat well.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]during[/font][font=宋体]后不能接从句，而[/font][font=Times New Roman]when[/font][font=宋体]和[/font][font=Times New Roman]while[/font][font=宋体]后可接从句。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［误］ [font=Times New Roman]I have been studying English during three days.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［正］ [font=Times New Roman]I have been studying English for three days.[/font][font=宋体][/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000]［析］ [font=Times New Roman]during[/font][font=宋体]不能表达一个动作持续多长的时间，而只能表达在某段时间内某事件的发生。即带有由[/font][font=Times New Roman]during[/font][font=宋体]引导的时间状语的句子只能用过去时，不能用完成时。[/font][/color][color=#000][/color][/p] [i=s] 本帖最后由 Rachel0818 于 2013-5-10 10:20 编辑 [/i]
:kiss:受用 [i=s] 本帖最后由 Rachel0818 于 2013-5-10 10:20 编辑 [/i]
Me too. [i=s] 本帖最后由 一刻千金 于 2010-11-10 19:07 编辑 [/i]
I like it ! These are important sentences.I'll learn them. Great very useful:qq88] :qq80] My God, so many words, I need time to check it again.
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