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macp 发表于 2010-11-6 17:13

写好英语句子—永远的基本功

写英语作文,做汉英翻译,写好英语句子是一个基本的要求,也是一个很高的要求。英语句子一方面结构严密,一方面又变化无穷。严谨规范的句法形式,相对稳定的动词搭配和灵活多样的表达方式,使英语句子呈现万千的景象。好的英语作家写起句子来,真是如雨得水,如鹤乘云。他们用简单的词语构筑多变的句子,表达复杂的概念。在这“简单”、“多变”和“复杂”之中,渗透着英语的风韵和风姿。
      写好英语句子大概要经过三个阶段:句法阶段、语义结构阶段和审美阶段。在句法阶段,学好语法规则和句法关系。在语义结构阶段,培养对英语的语感,学习写一些符合英语表达习惯的句子,这需要较长的时间。在审美阶段,除了句法和语义方面的训练之外,主观上的审美修养起着很大作用。这牵扯到译者对具有艺术感染力的句子的判断和感悟,培养写作具有艺术感染力的句子的能力,进而形成有个性的语言风格。
汉民族的思维习惯注重悟性,而英语民族的思维习惯重惯性。悟性思维风格必然导致汉语表述手段的模糊化,理性注意表现在语言上即强调形态的外露和形式上的完整。因此在写作中应该把汉语思维中的隐性关系转换成英语语法的显性关系。
1)江山易改,本性难移(隐含对比)
It is easy to change rivers and mountains but hard to change a person’s nature.
2)总之,前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。
In a word, while the prospects are bright, the road has twists and turns.
3)他老是见异思迁(隐含时间)
He is always changing his mind the moment he sees something new.
4)早知今日,何必当初?(隐含条件)
If I had known it would come to this, I would have acted differently.
我于冬日前去参观,但见衰柳寒烟,一水茫茫而已。

译文1:I went there in winter, and could see nothing but unanimated trees and smokes. There is only a range of poor water.
译文2:While in winter, nothing was enjoyable but the lovely willows and quiet water.
译文3:I went there on a winter day and saw only a stretch of cold water against some sparse willows trees and a frosty sky.

差异三:汉语是一种动态语言(dynamic language),英语是一种静态语言(static language)
1 A woman with fair opportunities, and without an absolute hump(驼背)may marry whom she likes.
一个女人只要不是十分驼背,有好机会,想嫁给谁就嫁给谁。(英语用介词代替动词)

shenjunqun 发表于 2010-11-7 00:31

[b]回复 [url=http://bbs.tingroom.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=248477&ptid=114691]1#[/url] [i]macp[/i] [/b]


    thank you

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