07考研英语全能突破(1)——词汇记忆 1
第一编 词汇记忆方法一、合成词
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onlooker
online
outdoor(s)
outlet
output/input
outstanding
outlook
outline
outside/inside
overall
overcoat
overtime
overnight
oversea(s)
overcome
overhead
overtake
overthrow
update
upright
upset
upstairs
upside-down
up-to-date
upwards
understanding
undergo
underground undergraduate
underline
undertake
ballpen
blackboard
bathroom
basketball
chairman
daytime
earthquake
eyesight
fireplace
fisherman
football
footprint
framework
gunpowder
haircut
handbook
handball
handout
handwriting
headache
headquarter
headmaster
highway
keyboard
landlord
mainland masterpiece
meantime
nearby
network
offspring
otherwise
overall
passport
platform
pencilbox
postcard
postman
railway/road
salesman
seaman
sightseeing
snowstorm
spacecraft/ship
sportsman
tradesman
viewpoint
warehouse
waterfall
waterproof
widespread
worldwide
well-known
(285)
剪截词
dorm
exam
gym
fridge
photo
maths
high-tech
07考研英语全能突破(1)——词汇记忆2
二、常见词缀：（一）前缀
位置：ex-, e-, extra-, over-，out-, under-; in-, im-, inter-, mid-; pre-, sub-, sug-, suf-, sup-, super-, sur-, post-; tele-; trans-; cross-
大小多少：uni-, mono-, bi-, tri-, mini-, multi-, kilo-, micro-, macro-; semi-, hemi-; poly-,
否定意义：anti-； de-; di-, dif-, dis-； counter-, anti-, contra-; in-, im-, il-, ir-； mis-, mal-; un-; non-, pseudo-,
联想：col-, cor-, com-, con-; re-; vice
变动词: be-, en/em
其他：auto-, self-; bio-; by-, step-; ultra-
（二）后缀
表示人： -er, -ee, -eer, -or, -ar, -ian, -ent, -ant, -ist, -ese, -ess
学科：-ology, -ture, -ics
抽象意义----身份，状态，性质 -ity, -ship, -hood (加在名词后), -ness（加在形容词后）-th, -ure
行为：-ment, -ion, -tion, -ation, -sion, -age, -ance/-ence （加在动词后）
形容词后缀：-tive, -ous, ful/-less; able/ible, -ent, -ant; -ory, -ary; -like/ish; -ly; -y; -some; -ward
动词后缀: -ize, -fy, -ate, 等
07考研英语全能突破(1)——词汇记忆3
三、常见词根及构词pos = put 放置
pose, position, expose, exposure, compose, composition, propose, proposal, oppose,
opposition, impose, dispose, disposal, preposition
tract = draw 拉，抽，引
tractor, attract, attraction, attractive, distract, subtract, contract, abstract, drag, draw, straight, straighten, stretch
sec, sequ = follow 跟随
second, secondary, sequence, subsequent, consequence, consequently
vid, vis, vey, vy = see 看
visible, vision, visibility, invisible, visual, video, videophone, revise, revision, supervise, supervision, evident, evidence, visit
spect=look 看
spectator, spectacle, spectacular, prospect, inspect, inspection, expect, expectation, respect, respectable, respectful, respective, respected, suspect, suspicion, specific, despite
mob, mov, mot = move动
mobile, mobility, mobilize, automobile, motion, motive, motivate, motivation, motor, move, promote, promotion, emote, remote
ced, ceed, cess , gress = go, walk 行走
precede, proceed, procedure, process, exceed, excess, excessive, succeed, success, successful, succession, successive, successor, access, accessible, progress, congress, regress, aggressive
rupt=break破
bankrupt, interrupt, corrupt, disrupt, erupt
mini, min = small, little 小
miniskirt, minimize, minimum, minus, minute, minority, diminish
scrib, scrip 写，记，抄
describe, description, script, manuscript, prescribe, prescription
dict, dic = say 言，说
diction, dictionary, contradict, dictate, dictation, dictator, predict, prediction, predictable, indicate, verdict
miss, mit = send 投，送，发
mission, missile, dismiss, dismissal, transmit, transmission, emit, emission, promise, compromise, committee, commission
port = carry 拿，带，运
portable, import, export, transport, report, support
leg, legis 法
legal, legalize, illegal, legislate, legislation, legislature
solu, solv 洗，溶解
solution, solve, resolve, resolution, dissolve
press 压
impress, impression, express, suppress, depress
viv, vit=live活：
live, living, lively, survive, livelihood, alive, revive, vivid, vital, vitamin
count=number:
account, accountant, discount, number, numeral, numerous, innumerable
ag=act 行动，做：
action, exactly, react, interact, transact, radioactive, agent, agenda, agency,
fac(t)=make做，作，制造：
facility, factory, faculty, affect, defect, infect, perfect, efficient, fiction, artificial, proficiency, feasible
sign=mark记号，信号：
remark, signal, signature, design, designate, significance, resign
du, doub, coup=two二：
dual, double, doubtful, couple, dubious, duplicate, dual
spher=ball球：
balloon, ballot, hemisphere, atmosphere
popul, publ=people人：
popular, public, publicity, republic, publish, republican, population,
men, min=mind心灵，精神：
mind, remind, mention, mental, comment, memory, memorial, remember, commemorate
struct=build建造：
construct, instruct, obstruct, destruction, destroy
fund, found=base基础：
basement, basis, foundation, profound, fund, refund, fundamental
part=divide分，分开：
dividend, individual, particle, participate, particular, partner, apart, counterpart, depart, impartial, department, party, apartment, compartment
pend,pens-hang悬挂：
dependent, independence, append, appendix, suspend, pension
duc(t)=lead引导：
conduct, deduct, misconduct, educate, induce, introduce, produce, reduce,
oper=work工作：
operate, cooperate, opera
ven,vent=come来：
venture, adventure, avenue, convention, invent, eventually, prevent, intervene
voc,vok=claim呼喊，叫喊，声音：
proclaim, reclaim, exclaim, advocate, provoke, vocal, voice,
sect=cut切，割：
section, segment, intersection, sector
grat, grac, gree=please高兴，感激：
grace, grateful, gratitude, congratulation, agree, agreeable, greet, pleasure, pleasant, disagree
vail, val=worth价值：
worth, worthy, worthwhile, available, prevail, value, valid, validity, valve, evaluate, equivalent
pel, peal, puls=drive驱动：
appeal, compel, compulsion, compulsory, propel, pulse, impulse (320)
alter改变；aptitude能力；disastrous灾难的；banish放逐; combat战斗；calculate推算；excavate挖掘；accelerate加速；certify证明; coincide, concur同时发生；circulate循环，流通；declination倾斜，下垂；discord不和；durability耐久性；equilibrium平衡，均势; diffident缺乏自信的；domain领地; infinity无限性；afflict使苦恼，折磨；formulate构思，规划；fortify, reinforce加强; frigid寒冷的；fuse熔化，融合；geometry几何；congest拥塞，充满；degrade降级，堕落；heredity遗传；hinder阻碍；hydraulics水利学；transit转移；junction连接点；collaborate合作；elapse流逝; latitude纬度；alleviate减轻; magnify放大；manipulate操纵；submerge/immerse沉没；symmetry对称; eminent杰出的；negligible可以忽略的；notorious臭名昭著的；optimum最佳条件, demography
07考研英语全能突破(1)——词汇记忆4
四、有意义的字母组合：st---不动，立：stand, stop, stay, state, station, stable, steady, establish, instance, standard, statistics,
statue, stereo, stare, static, stationary, stereotype, still, destination, destine, destiny, stone, stubborn, rest, install, staunch, constant, steel, stiff, obstacle, stale, stall, stain, stick, start, stun, startle, astonish, stupid, stuffy (40)
sti----刺，尖：stick, sticky, stimulate, stitch, instinct, sting, stir, (大纲全部)
fl----流动：flow, float, flu, flood, influence, fluctuate, fluid, flush, fluent, fleet, flute, flux, flag,
fl----闪动的光，植物：flash, flame, flare, flower, flourish
fl----空中的动作：fly, flee, flight, flap, flutter, fling
flat, flatter, flesh, flavor, flexible,（大纲全部）
gl---不动的光/亮：glance, glimpse, glare, glamour, glass, glorious, glory, glow, gloomy, gloss, glitter
gl, sl----滑动：glide, glove, globe, global, glue （大纲全部）
slip, slipper, slippery, slide, slit, slope, sledge, sly
cr---碎，裂：crack, crash, crisp, crush, crisis, critical, crazy, cracker, crumb
-ap----拟声：flap, clap, tap, slap, rap break----crash, clash, smash, splash,
-ump—笨重的动作：bump, thump, thumb, stumble, plump, hump, clumsy, dump, lump, slump, plumb,
-atter----细碎的动作：batter, chatter, clatter, shatter, scatter,
-ash-----猛烈的动作：flash, splash, clash, dash, slash, crash, smash,
-are----强烈的光：flare, glare, stare
sn----鼻子的出气声：sniff, sneeze, snore, snuff, snot
spr----传播，洒，喷：spread, sprinkle, spray
tw----二：two, between, twilight, twelve, twin, twice, twenty, twinkle
wr, tw----扭曲，卷绕：wrap, wreck, wreath, wrestle, wrench, wrinkle, wrist, wrong, wretched
sw-----水，洗：swim, sweat, sweater, swan, sweep, swing swift, sway, switch, sword, swarm
h---象征沉重：heavy, haste, hurry, heave, hop, hunt, hurl
i----表示小：mini-, sip, chick, chip, nibble, tiny, slip, slit, drip
m----象征低沉声：hum, moan, mumble, murmur, mutter
r----：表示粗糙、削利、重浊的声音：grunt, rattle, roar, cry, croak, creak, rumble, crunch, crack, scrape, rip, scream, scratch
s, z, sh----象征寂静和蛇等动物嗖艘爬的声音：hiss, brush, silence, rustle, snake, zip, buzz, hush, whisper
07考研英语全能突破(1)——词汇记忆5
五、同源词记忆allow---allocate
anguish---anger
bear---birth
bend---bow
bind---bound---bond--- bundle---band
bite-----bitter
bloom---blossom
boom---bomb
break---brake
breed----brood
brim---brink
broad---breadth
burn----brand
catch----capture
curve---circle
dear---darling
deem---doom
deep----dip
dig----ditch
dive---duck—dip
doze---daze
drive---drift
drip---drop
drink---drown
dry----drain
dry----drought
elder---adult
example---sample
fail---fault
false---fake
fall---fell
fly----flee
float---flow---fleet
flow--flood
flower---flourish
fond---fun
freeze----frost---crust
fright---afraid
front---frontier
garden----yard
gild---gold
grass---graze
grief----grieve
heal---health
high---height--hill
hold----hand
hollow---hole---hell
honest---honor
hot---heat
hurry---hurricane
join---joint
knee---kneel
limb---limp, lame
lead---load
lean---loan
lie----low
liquor----liquid
lose----loss
stretch---straight
strike---stroke
study----student---studio
sweep---swift
swim---swan
talk---tale--tell
tie---tight
tip---top
trace---track choose---choice
city---civil
clew---clue
cloth---clothes
bath---bathe
breath---breathe
canal---channel
carbon---coal
cloth---cloak
condemn---damn
cry--crow
cook---cake
couple---double
cue---clue
match---mate
matter---mass
meet---mate
maid----madame
major---mayor
master---majesty
mix----mingle
modern---model
mow---meadow
moon---month
nation----nation
near---neighbor
nourish---nurse
owe---own
pacify---peace----pacific
patch---piece
people---popular---public
poor---poverty
portray----portrait
praise---prize
rate---ratio
red---rust
ride---road
rise---raise
run---race
salt----sauce
see---sight
salt---sauce
saw---section
sea---salt
seek---sake
sew---seam
shade---shelter---shadow
short---shirt
sip---soup
sir---senior
sit----seat---site
shirt---skirt
sleep---slack
slow---sloth
smother---smoke
soak---suck
sorry---sorrow
speak----speech
trouble---turbulent
try---trial
vent---wind
wet---water
wear----vest
wheel---whirl
wrest---wrist
yellow---yolk
(270)
07考研英语全能突破(1)——词汇记忆 6
六、字母转换联想记忆c(k)---g : elect select elect section contact
delegate elegant eligible segment contagion
distinguish intellect neglect fraction act
distinction intelligent negligence fragment agent
v----f : believe give grieve relieve five thieve halve
belief gift grief relief fifth thief half
w---v : new ---novel, innovate, renovate, novelty,
verb-word: win, victory, victorious, victim, convict, conviction, convince,
wine wear wind worth way willing wash ware
vine vest vent value voyage voluntary lavatory vessel
know-gno: knowledge, acknowledge, note, notice, noticeable, notify, notion, notorious, ignore,
ignorance, diagnosis, diagnose, recognize, cognition, science, scientific, science, conscious, conscience, acquaint, acquaintance,
log, loq(ue)-speak: logic, dialogue, catalogue, apology, analogy,
i----o : knit slit drip chip
knot slot drop chop (100)
07考研英语全能突破(1)——词汇记忆7
七、音译词记忆aspirin, bake, ballet, bandage, bar, beer, brandy, café, card, chocolate, coffee, calcium, cannon, cartoon, cigar, cocaine, copy, disco, dozen, engine, franc, gallon, gene, golf, guitar, hamburger, hormone, humor, inch, jacket, jazz, jeep, lemon, logic, magic, microphone, miniskirt, modern, motor, mummy, nicotine, nylon, ounce, opium, pass, pence, pudding, radar, rifle, romance, romantic, sandwich, sardine, soda, sofa, shark, tango, tank, tire/tyre, vitamin, whisky (62)
八、拟声词记忆
bang, bark, boom, bubble, clap, clash, click, cough, crack, giggle, horn, hum, mutter, pat, roar, tick, whisper, whistle, yawn
九、顺序颠倒词记忆
are---era
deer---reed
doom----mood
evil----live
god---dog
meet---teem
not---ton
on---no
pan---nap
war--- raw
saw---was
ten---net
十、包孕词记忆
appropriate-----proper
deceased----dead
exist---is
façade----face
illuminated---lit
observe---see
pantaloon---pants
recline---lie
salvage---save
separate---part
supervisor---superior
fabrication---fiction
07考研英语全能突破(1)——词汇记忆 8
十一、谐音趣味记忆bake bandage bulletin
cruel curse dawn
fashion fee govern
jam mist murder
noise pan paw
phone pity rely
rigorous route show
sigh tower trader
truth urgent
十二、同义记忆
大：large, big, great, enormous, huge, tremendous, gigantic, massive, immense, grand, titanic,gross
小：small, little, tiny, minute, petite, microscopic, subtle
减（数量、程度）：decrease, diminish, decline, lessen, reduce, cut down on
客观的：objective, impartial, impersonal, unbiased, disinterested
错误：disadvantage, defect, short-coming, drawback, fault, mistake, deficiency, weakness, slip,blunder
立刻、马上：directly, immediately, presently, promptly, instantly, quickly, abruptly, suddenly, swiftly
明显的：obvious, evident, apparent, plain, clear
主要的：principal, chief, main, leading, dominant, foremost, prominent, essential
热情的：enthusiastic, zealous, earnest, eager, passionate, warm
暂时的：transient, temporary, momentary, passing
粗鲁的：rude，crude，gross，coarse，rough，wild，reckless
不正常的，反常的：deviant，irregular ，unnatural，odd，queer，weird, abnormal
使用：use，apply，utilize，employ，avail，exploit, take advantage of, make use of,resort to, adopt
积累，堆积：amass，collect，gather，heap，hoard, pile up, build up
恶化，加重，加剧: aggravate, worsen, intensify, deteriorate, weaken
苦恼，痛苦：agony， torture，torment，anguish，suffering，misery，pain，wrench，distress， adversity，hardship
获得，得到：attain，obtain，achieve，acquire，gain，secure
摇晃：shake, quiver, tremble, vibrate, rock, roll, quake
07考研英语全能突破(1)——词汇记忆9
十三、反义记忆establish----abolish, destroy absurd---sensible advance----retreat
attach----detach increase----decrease clarify----confuse
contract----expand crazy----rational attack---defend
gloomy----delightful include---exclude propose---oppose
lasting---temporary guilty---innocent previous---subsequent
natural----artificial ancient----modern tragedy----comedy
complicate---simplify concentrate---distract dynamic---static
十四、归类记忆
天文、宇宙：equator, fossil, galaxy, gravity, horizon, meteor, ozone, parallel, planet, satellite, space, star, moon, lunar, comet, sun, solar, Neptune
地区、地域、地貌: continent, province, capital, county, basin, valley, desert, plain, plateau, elevation, highland, lowland, latitude, bay, gulf, cape, beach, port, harbor, strait, channel, canal, river, stream, brook, pond, pool, cave, cliff, slope, mountain, hill, forest, woods, jungle, delta, field, lawn, marsh, peninsula, pit,
数学：arithmetic， fraction，decimal，function，power，remainder，complement，sequence，tolerance，probability，square root，geometry，plane geometry，parallel，addition，subtraction，multiplication, division, mean，average, axis, center, core, coordinate, curve, vertical, square, triangle, sphere, diameter, radius, dimension, area, cubic, angle, equation, ratio, proportion, cone, pyramid, volume, diamond
道路：bypass，sidewalk，pavement，path，trail，lane，passage，route，aisle，overpass， free way，flyover，underpass，zebra crossing
箱柜：cabinet，locker，closet，chest，drawer，wardrobe，dresser，cupboard，trunk，safe
蔬菜：turnip，carrot，cabbage，onion，cucumber，pepper，garlic，tomato，potato，melon, pumpkin, mushroom, garlic, carrot, bean, pepper, pea, ginger
交通工具：ambulance, lorry, automobile, van, truck, fire engine, cable car, sports car, cart, tram, trolley, bus, minibus, coach, shuttle bus, double decker, car, limousine, sedan, cab, taxi, jeep , locomotive, motorcycle, vehicle, steamer, liner
机械：turbine，engine，elevator，punch，refrigerator，generator，press，motor，projector，crane，clutch，pulse，pump，tackle
气候：hail，mist，haze，smog，fog，frost，dew，typhoon, hurricane, breeze, cyclone, tornado windstorm, sandstorm, freeze, centigrade, temperature, thermometer, rain, snow, shower, drizzle, wind, cloudy, overcast, frigid, temperate, mild, (sub)tropical
文艺：rhythm, melody, note, lyric, beat, tempo, rhyme, tune, scale, tone, volume, harmony, chorus, solo, composition, jazz, ballet, dance, sing, opera, instrument, march, music, song, symphony, verse, waltz, playwright, perform, stage, scene, clown, actor, director, line, novel, poem, poetry, prose, essay, literature, episode, story, drama, character, plot, fiction, detective, disc, fable, biography, curtain, drum, organ, horn, violin, pipe, piano, guitar, wind, string, flute, reed, cast, rehearsal
学科：natural science/engineering/medicine/humanities/social science/liberal arts: sociology, agriculture, arithmetic, anthropology, aesthetics, accounting, architecture, astronomy, automation, biology, business, commerce, geology, geography, psychology, physiology, genetics, ecology, electronics, engineering, ethics, economy, forestry, geometry, history, mathematics, chemistry, physics, medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, surgery, mechanics, optics, photography, logic, diplomacy, administration, management, literature, linguistics, philosophy, poetry, Portuguese, Spanish, finance, religion, politics, zoology, journalism, statistics, gymnastics, public relations, human resources, nutritional science, marketing, biochemistry, telecommunication等
职业/身份：accountant, attorney, amateur, ambassador, announcer, associate, astronaut, astronomer, athlete, attendant, (auto)biographer, consultant, coach, cameraman, candidate, journalist, librarian, colleague/associate, cashier, conductor, dealer, agent, diplomat, executive, fireman, mechanic, merchant, spectator, physician, surgeon, dentist, spokesman, sponsor, principal, retailer, stewardess, technician, receptionist, volunteer, undergraduate, freshman, sophomore, junior, senior, undergraduate, bachelor, master, postgraduate
学校生活：freshmen, sophomore, junior, senior, undergraduate, postgraduate, semester, academic year, credit, tuition, specialty/discipline, major, minor, seminar, lecture, tutorial, enroll in/register/take a course, essay, assignment, term paper, research/course paper, thesis, defend one’s thesis, graduation field work毕业实习, graduation project毕业设计，commencement/graduation ceremony毕业典礼，certificate, diploma, degree, grant, scholarship, fellowship, assistantship, degree requirement, Bachelor’s/Master’s/Doctor’s degree, course load, department, faculty members, professor, assistant/associate professor, instructor/lecturer, dean, president, dormitory, librarian, disciplines, pre-sessional, prerequisite, selective/elective/optional/required/compulsory, make-up exam, curriculum, School of Economics, graduate school, advisor, supervisor, tutor, part-time job, lecture hall, auditorium, gymnasium/gym, office hours办公时间, orientation program熟悉/认识环境
爱好、体育运动：track: jogging, dash, race, relay, marathon, power-walking, hurdles
field: discus, javelin, shot put, high/long jump, pole vaulting
individual/team sports: gymnastics, shooting, weightlifting, bowling, golf, diving, skiing, skating, figure/speed/roller skating, hiking, surfing, wrestling, rock-climbing, sailing, fishing
ballgames: basketball, football, soccer, volleyball, handball, baseball, cricket, tennis, badminton, ice hockey, water polo
计量单位；时间；颜色；人体部位；动物；植物；花、鸟、鱼、虫；衣物、鞋帽；职业、职务；烟、酒、食品、饮料；瓜果；调味品；食物；家居用品；场所、建筑；材料；文具；学科；学校、师生；计算机、网络；物理、化学、生物、影视、广播；戏剧、；写作、绘画；报刊；邮电、通讯；；体育、竞赛；宗教；经济；法律；政治、战争等等。
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