高考英语语法--独立主格结构
[p=30, 2, left][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]独立主格结构[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语，从而在结构上与主语不发生关系，我们称之为独立主格结构（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]Absolute Construction[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）。其实，所谓[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]也并非真正独立，它还是一种从属的结构。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
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[color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]一[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]非谓语动词独立主格结构[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]在独立主格结构中，非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。[/color][/size][/font]
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[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Such an able man to help you[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]，[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]you will surely succeed sooner or later.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]有这么能干的人来帮你[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman], [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]你迟早一定会成功的。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]such an able man[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]和[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] to help you [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]之间存在着主谓关系）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.
He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.
[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他在书桌旁坐好后，他母亲开始给他讲故事。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]seating himself at the desk[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]拥有了自己的逻辑主语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]he[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]，注意是[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]主格[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.
The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school.
[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]由于丢了自行车钥匙，他只好步行去学校。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]lost [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]的逻辑主语是[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]the key[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]，[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]lost [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]也可以用完成式[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]having been lost[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school.
[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]二[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]不定式[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构[/size][/font][/color][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]在[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]逻辑主语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]动词不定式[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构也可用一个从句或并列分句来表达。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000]A.
1[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]．动词不定式用主动的形式[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]在独立主格结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] His mother to come tonight[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]，[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]he is busy preparing the dinner.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他母亲今晚要来[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman],[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他正在忙着准备饭菜。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]= As his mother is to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] ——will you go to the comcert tonight [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]你今晚去听音乐会吗？[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] ——sorry.So many exerise-books to check,I rially can't afford any time. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]对不起，有这多的作业要批，我真的抽不出时间。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（＝[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]Because I shall check so many exercise-books tonight,I really can't afford any time.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The four of us agreed on a division of labour,each to translate a quarter of the book.
[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（＝[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]The four of us agreed on a division of labour and each is to translate a quarter of the book.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Many trees,flowers,and grass to be planted,our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.
[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]种上许多的树，花和草后，我们新建的学校将看上去更美。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] (=If many trees,flowers,and grass are planted,our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.)
2[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ing[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]” [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]动词的[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ing[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Being ill, he went home. [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]由于生病[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman],[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他回家了。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]= As he was very ill, he went home.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Seating himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]在课桌旁坐好后，他开始看杂志。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]= When he had seated himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000]B.
1[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]表示时间的[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ing[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式作[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构[/size][/font][/color][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”
Everyone being ready, the teacher began his class. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]每个人都准备好后，老师开始上课。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]（相当于一个时间状语从句[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]When everyone was ready)
The chairman began the meeting , everyone being seated. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]每个人坐好后，主席开始开会。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（相当于一个时间状语从句[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]after everyone was seated[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
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2[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]表示原因的[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ing[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式作[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构[/size][/font][/color][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”
The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]由那个男孩带路，我们没有困难就找到了那奇怪的洞。（相当于一个原因状语从句[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]Because the boy led the way[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]许多眼睛看着他，他感到有点儿紧张。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（相当于一个原因状语从句[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]As many eyes were watching him[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color]
[color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]必背：含有[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]being[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]的独立主格结构。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] It being National Day today[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]，[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]the streets are very crowded. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]今天是国庆节[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman],[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]街上很拥挤。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = As it is National Day today, the streets are very crowded.
There being no further business to discuss, we all went home. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]没有别的事可讨论，我们都回家了。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = As there was no further business to discuss, we all went home.
3[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]表示条件的[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ing[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式作[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构[/size][/font][/color][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”
Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]时间允许的话，我们下星期将进行一次野炊。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]（相当于一个条件状语从句[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]If time permits)
My health allowing, I will work far into the night. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]我的健康许可的话，我愿工作到深夜。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（相当于一个条件状语从句[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]If my health allows[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
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4[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]表示方式的[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ing[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式作[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构[/size][/font][/color][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”
The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]学生们快乐地在学校里走着，每个人胸前都带着一张卡。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（相当于一个并列分句[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]and each wears a card in front of his chest[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]男孩躺在草地上，眼睛看着天空。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（相当于一个并列分句[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]and his eyes were looking at the sky[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
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5[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ed[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构[/size][/font][/color][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]与逻辑主语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]动词的[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ing[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式一样，如果[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ed[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致的话，就需要用[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ed[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式的独立主格结构。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The book written in simple English, English beginners were able to read it. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]该书是用简单英语写的，英语初学者也能看懂。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = As the book was written in simple English[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]，[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]English beginners were able to read it.
The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = As their living conditions were greatly improved, the workers worked still harder.
He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = He was listening attentively in class, and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard.
The task completed,he had two months' leave. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]任务完成以后，他休了两个月的假。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]=When the task had been completed,he had two months' leave.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color]
[font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]比较：[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]动词不定式表示动作没有发生或即将发生，动词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ed[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式表示动作已经结束，动词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ing[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式往往表示动作正在进行。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The manager looks worried[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]，[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]many things to settle.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]经理看上去很着急[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman], [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]有这么多的事情要处理。（事情还没有处理，而且是由经理本人来处理，用不定式[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]to settle[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The manager looks relaxed, many things settled.
[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]许多事情已经处理好了，[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]经理看上去很轻松。（事情已经处理好了，用动词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ed[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]settled[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]表示动作已经结束）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The food being cooked, the boy was watching TV. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]小孩一边做饭，一边看电视。（两个动作同时进行）[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The food cooked, the boy went to bed. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]饭做好了，小孩去睡了。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]（两个动作有先后，饭已做好，小孩才去睡觉的）[/color][/size][/font]
[color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]三[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]动词独立主格结构[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] “[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]逻辑主语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+being+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]其他[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]是独立主格结构中的[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]逻辑主语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]动词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ing[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]的一种形式。在这种结构中，[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]being[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]往往可以被省去，这种省去[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]being[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]的结构，称之为无动词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000]
A[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．逻辑主语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]名词[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Ten students entered for the competition, the youngest a boy of 12.
[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]十个学生报名参加了这次竞赛，年纪最小的是个[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]12[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]岁的男孩。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]the youngest[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]和[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]a boy of 12[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]之间省去了[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]being[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]注意：[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构中的[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]being[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]在下列两种情况下一般不能省略，一是在[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“There being + [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]名词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]结构中，二是在逻辑主语是代词的情况下。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] There being no bus, we had to walk home. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] It being Sunday, all the offices are closed. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]因为是星期日，所有办公室都关门。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000]
B[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．逻辑主语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形容词[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] He turned to me, his eyes sleepy. [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他睡眼惺忪地转向我。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]his eyes[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]和[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]sleepy[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]之间省去了[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]being[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = He turned to me, and his eyes were sleepy.
He stood there, his mouth wide open. [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他站在那里，嘴张得大大的。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]his mouth[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]和[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]wide open[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]之间省去了[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]being[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = He stood there, and his mouth was wide open.
C[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．逻辑主语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]副词[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] School over, we all went home. [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]放学了，我们都回家了。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]school[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]和[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]over[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]之间省去了[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]being[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = School was over, and we all went home.
He sat at his desk, his shoes off. [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他坐在课桌旁，没穿鞋子。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]his shoes[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]和[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]off[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]之间省去了[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]being[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = He sat at his desk and his shoes were off.
D[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．逻辑主语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]介词短语[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] He is standing in front of the blackboard, his back towards us. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]他站在黑板面前，背对着我们。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = He was standing in front of the blackboard, and his back was towards us.
The new teacher came in, a smile on her face. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]新老师面带微笑走了进来。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = The new teacher came in and she had a smile on her face.
The teacher came into the classroom[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]，[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]a rule in his hand.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]老师走进教室，手里拿着一把直尺。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = The teacher came in and a ruler was in his hand.
[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]提示：[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]在[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]逻辑主语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]介词短语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]构成的独立主格结构里，如果名词用单数，可以不用冠词，同时介词短语里的限定词也可省略。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The music teacher stood at the door, violin in hand.
[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]音乐老师站在门口[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman],[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]手里拿着一把小提琴。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]= The music teacher stood at the door, a violin in his hand.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000]
[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]四[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]. withwithout [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]引导的独立主格结构[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]介词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]withwithout +[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]宾语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]宾语的补足语可以构成独立主格结构，上面讨论过的独立主格结构的几种情况在此结构中都能体现。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000]
A[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] with+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]名词代词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形容词[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] He doesn[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]誸[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] like to sleep with the windows open. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他不喜欢开着窗子睡觉。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = He doesn[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]誸[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] like to sleep when the windows are open.
He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他站在雨中，衣服湿透了。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = He stood in the rain, and his clothes were wet.
[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]注意：[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]在[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“with+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]名词代词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形容词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]构成的独立主格结构中，也可用已形容词化的[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ing[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式或[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ed[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] With his son so disappointing[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]，[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]the old man felt unhappy.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]由于儿子如此令人失望[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman],[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]老人感到很不快乐。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] With his father well-known, the boy didn[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]誸[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] want to study. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]父亲如此出名，儿子不想读书。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000]
B[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] with+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]名词代词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]副词[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Our school looks even more beautiful with all the lights on. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]所有的灯都打开时，我们的学校看上去更美。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = Our school looks even more beautiful ifwhen all the lights are on.
The boy was walking, with his father ahead. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]父亲在前，小孩在后走着。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = The boy was walking and his father was ahead.
C[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] with+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]名词代词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]介词短语[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]或[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]He stood at the door, computer in hand.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他站在门口，手里拿着一部电脑。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = He stood at the door, and a computer was in his hand.
Vincent sat at the desk, with a pen in his mouth. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]或[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]Vincent sat at the desk, pen in mouth.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]文森特坐在课桌前，嘴里衔着一支笔。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = Vincent sat at the desk, and he had a pen in his mouth.
D[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] with+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]名词代词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]动词的[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ed[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] With his homework done, Peter went out to play. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]作业做好了，彼得出去玩了。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = When his homework was done, Peter went out to play.
With the signal given, the train started.[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]信号发出了，火车开始起动了。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = After the signal was given, the train started.
I wouldn[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]誸[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] dare go home without the job finished.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]工作还没完成，我不敢回家。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = I wouldn[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]誸[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] dare go home because the job was not finished.
E[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] with+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]名词代词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]动词的[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]-ing[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]形式[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The man felt very happy with so many children sitting around him.[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]有这么多的孩子坐在他周围，那男子感到很高兴。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = The man felt very happy when he found so many children sitting around him.
The girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it was.[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]小女孩把盒子藏了起来，没有人知道它在哪里。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = The girl hid her box and no one knew where it was.
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]他趁没人注意的时候，从窗口溜走了。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = When no one was noticing, he slipped through the window.
F[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] with+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]名词代词[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]+[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]动词不定式[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The little boy looks sad, with so much homework to do.[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]有这么多的家庭作业要做，小男孩看上去很不开心。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = The little boy looks sad because he has so much homework to do.
The kid feels excited with so many places of interest to visit. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]有这么多的名胜可参观，小孩很激动。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The kid feels excited as there are so many places of interest to visit.
[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]提示：在[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]withwithout [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]的复合结构中，多数情况下[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]with [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]能省略，但[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]without [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]不能省略。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room. [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]她没再说什么话就离开了会议室。（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]without[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]不能省略）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000]
[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]五[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构的句法功能[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构在句中除了能充当原因状语、时间状语、条件状语和伴随状语外，还能作定语。在形式上，[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]“[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]”[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]可位于句首、句中或句尾，并通常用逗号与主句隔开。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
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A[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．作状语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构作状语，其功能相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
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1[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]．表示时间[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Night coming on, we put ourselves up in a small hotel. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]夜幕降临，我们在一家小旅馆住了下来。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]= When night came on, we put ourselves up in a small hotel.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] All the guests seated, they began their dinner. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]所有的客人就坐后，他们才开始吃饭。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]= When all the guests were seated, they began their dinner.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] With everything she needed bought, Grace took a taxi home. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]所需要的都买好后，格雷斯打的回家了。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]After everything she needed was bought, Grace took a taxi home.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
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2[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]．表示原因[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]有许多难题要解决，新当选的总统日子不好过。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]= As he has a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] There being no means of transportation, he had to walk home at midnight.
[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]由于在半夜没有交通工具了，[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他只好步行回家。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] (= As there was no means of transportation, he had to walk home at midnight.)
3[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]．表示条件[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Weather permitting, we will hold our yearly sports meeting next week.
[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]如果天气允许的话，我们下星期将举行每年一次的运动会。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]= If weather permits[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]，[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]we will hold our yearly sports meeting next week.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] All the work done, you can have a rest. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]所有工作做好后，你可以休息。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]=As long as all the work is done, you can have a rest.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Everything taken into consideration, the plan seems to be more practical. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]如果从各方面考虑，你的计划似乎更实际些。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]= If everything is taken into consideration, the plan seems to be more practical.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
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[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]提示：表示时间、原因、条件的独立主格结构一般放在句首，并且不能保留连词。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]【误】[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]When class being over, the students left their classroom.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]【正】[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]Class (being) over, the students left their classroom. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]下课了，学生都离开了教室。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]【误】[/color][/size][/font][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]The moon appearing and they continued their way.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]【正】[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]The moon appearing, they continued their way. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]月亮出来了，他们继续赶路。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
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4[/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]．表示伴随情况或补充说明[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The strange man was walking down the street, with a stick in his hand. [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]那个奇怪的男人在街上走着[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman],[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]手里拿着根手杖。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]= The strange man was walking down the street, and he carried a stick in his hand.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]杀人犯被带了进来，手被捆在背后。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]=The murderer was brought in, and his hands were tied behind his back.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]有两百人在事故中丧生，其中许多是儿童。[/color][/size][/font][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]（[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]Two hundred people died in the accident and many of them were children.[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
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B[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]．作定语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]独立主格结构作定语，其功能相当于一个定语从句。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] He is the person with a lot of questions to be settled. (with [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]的复合结构作定语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman],[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]修饰[/size][/font][/color][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]the student)
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他就是有许多问题要解决的那个人。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] = He is the person who has a lot of questions to be settled.
You can use a large plastic bottle with its top cut off. (with [/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]的复合结构作定语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman],[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]修饰[/size][/font][/color][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]bottle)
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]你可以使用一个颈被砍掉的大塑料瓶。[/size][/font][/color][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]
= You can use a large plastic bottle whose top was cut off.
He was walking along the road without any street lights on its both sides.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]他走在一条两边没有路灯的马路上。[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] (without[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]的复合结构作定语[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman],[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]修饰[/size][/font][/color][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]the road )
= He was walking along the road that didn[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]誸[/size][/font][/color][color=#000000][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman] have any street lights on its both sides.
[/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]提示：在这里我们讨论了很多用连词连接的两个句子改为独立主格结构的情况。需要提示的是，不是所有用连词的地方都可以改为独立主格结构。[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] If you stand on the top of the mountain[/color][/font][/size][color=#000000][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]，[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman]the park looks more beautiful. [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]如果你站在山顶上[/size][/font][size=13.5pt][font=Times New Roman], [/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt]公园看上去更美。（不要改为独立主格结构）[/size][/font][/color][size=13.5pt]
[font=Times New Roman][color=#000000] If you check your test paper carefully, some mistakes can be avoided. [/color][/font][/size][font=宋体][size=13.5pt][color=#000000]如果你仔细检查试卷的话，有些错误是可以避免的。（不要改为独立主格结构）[/color][/size][/font][/p] :qq49]this summary is so comprehensive [b]回复 [url=http://bbs.tingroom.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=529801&ptid=262337]2#[/url] [i]觉醒ing[/i] [/b]
:qq88] yes, it is very useful!
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