名词可数性考点重要说明
[p=30, 2, left][b]1. [/b][color=#000000][font=宋体]下列名词是典型的不可数名词[/font], [font=宋体]在通常情况下既不能用其复数形式[/font], [font=宋体]也不能与不定冠词连用：[/font]news([font=宋体]消息[/font]),[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]luck([font=宋体]运气[/font]), fun([font=宋体]有趣的事[/font]), homework([font=宋体]家庭作业[/font]), advice([font=宋体]劝告、建议[/font]), harm([font=宋体]损害、伤害[/font]), progress([font=宋体]进步[/font]), information([font=宋体]信息、[/font] [font=宋体]消息[/font]), weather([font=宋体]天气[/font]), wealth([font=宋体]财富[/font]), work([font=宋体]工作[/font])[font=宋体]等。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000](1) _[/color]__D_[color=#000000]___ terrible weather we’ve been having these days. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]A. How a B. What a C. How D. What [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000](2) He gained his _____ by printing _[/color]D[color=#000000]____ of famous writers. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]A. wealth, work B. wealths, works C. wealths, work D. wealth, works [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]注：有的名词用作一种含义时是不可数的[/font], [font=宋体]但用作其它含义时却时可数的。[/font] [font=宋体]如：[/font]work[font=宋体]表示“工作”时是不可数的[/font], [font=宋体]但表示“作品”时却又是可数的[/font], [font=宋体]而表示[/font] [font=宋体]“工厂”时却又通常要用复数形式。又比如[/font] tea[font=宋体]和[/font]coffee[font=宋体]这两个词[/font], [font=宋体]表示“茶”[/font] [font=宋体]和“咖啡”是物质名词（不可数）[/font], [font=宋体]但当它表示“一杯茶”或“一杯咖啡”时[/font], [font=宋体]却又是可数名词[/font], [font=宋体]因此下面两种表达均可以：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]two cups of tea/coffee [font=宋体]或[/font] two teas/coffees [font=宋体]两杯茶／咖啡[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]类似的还有：[/font]fruit([font=宋体]水果[/font]), food([font=宋体]食物[/font])[font=宋体]等[/font], [font=宋体]当它们表总称时是不可数名词[/font], [font=宋体]但表种类时却是可数名词[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][b]2. [/b][color=#000000]hundred([font=宋体]百[/font]), thousand([font=宋体]千[/font]), million([font=宋体]百万[/font]), dozen([font=宋体]一打、十二个[/font]), score([font=宋体]二[/font] [font=宋体]十个[/font])[font=宋体]等词[/font], [font=宋体]若与具体数字连用不用复数形式（且除[/font] score [font=宋体]之外[/font], [font=宋体]此时一般不后接介词[/font] of[font=宋体]）[/font]; [font=宋体]但若是表示不确定的泛指数[/font], [font=宋体]则不仅要用复数形式[/font], [font=宋体]且要后接介词[/font]of, [font=宋体]才能后接名词。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]three hundred students [font=宋体]三百名学生[/font] hundreds of students [font=宋体]数百名学生[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]three score (of) eggs[font=宋体] 六十只鸡蛋[/font] scores of eggs[font=宋体] 数十只鸡蛋[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000](1) Shortly after the accident, two _____ police were sent to the spot to keep order. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]注：关于与具体数字连用的[/font] dozen [font=宋体]之后是否用介词[/font] of [font=宋体]的问题[/font], [font=宋体]是有争论的[/font], [font=宋体]有不少词书都将此用法后的[/font]of [font=宋体]用括号括起来（即可用也可省略）[/font], [font=宋体]但不少词书（尤其是一些惯用法词典）都认为此时省去介词[/font] of [font=宋体]更合英语习惯。因此该题若[/font] [font=宋体]综合起来考虑[/font], [font=宋体]显然不用介词[/font] of [font=宋体]更“佳”。所以也正因为如此[/font], [font=宋体]上面这道高考[/font] [font=宋体]题的评分标准所提供的答案是[/font]D[font=宋体]。这里顺便说一句：若是[/font] dozen [font=宋体]之后的名词有了[/font] the, these, those [font=宋体]等词修饰[/font], [font=宋体]或其后的接的是[/font] us, them[font=宋体]这样的人称代词等情况[/font] [font=宋体]时[/font], [font=宋体]则必须要接介词[/font] of[font=宋体]。如：[/font]three dozen of these eggs([font=宋体]这些鸡蛋中的三打[/font]), four dozen of them([font=宋体]他们中的四打[/font])[font=宋体]等。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][b]3.[/b][color=#000000] [font=宋体]单复数同形的常见名词有：[/font]sheep([font=宋体]绵羊[/font]), deer([font=宋体]鹿[/font]), cattle([font=宋体]牛[/font]), Chinese[font=宋体]（中[/font] [font=宋体]国人[/font]), Japanese([font=宋体]日本人[/font]) [font=宋体]等。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][b]4.[/b][color=#000000] [font=宋体]有时不用名词所有格而直接用名词作定语[/font], [font=宋体]不过此时要注意用单数形式[/font], [font=宋体]一般不[/font] [font=宋体]用复数形式。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]trouser pockets [font=宋体]裤袋[/font] boy friends [font=宋体]男朋友[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][font=宋体][color=#000000]两个典型的例外是：[/color][/font][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000](1) clothes shop([font=宋体]服装店[/font]), sports meet([font=宋体]运动会[/font])[font=宋体]等。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000](2) [font=宋体]用[/font]man/woman[font=宋体]作定语时[/font], [font=宋体]若被修饰的名词是复数[/font], [font=宋体]则[/font] man/woman[font=宋体]也用复数。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]a man doctor [font=宋体]一个男医生[/font] some men doctors [font=宋体]一些男医生[/font][/color][/p] :qq49]you did a good job [b]回复 [url=http://bbs.tingroom.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=534594&ptid=266794]2#[/url] [i]觉醒ing[/i] [/b]:qq88] It is my work!
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