当心虚拟语气考点
[p=30, 2, center][b]当心虚拟语气考点[/b][/p][p=30, 2, left][b]一、考查虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法[/b][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法是其最基本的用法，也是高考最可能涉题的用法。为了便于理解和记忆，我们虚拟语气在虚拟条件从中的用法分为三类——涉及现在时间的虚拟条件，涉及过去时间的虚拟条件，涉及将来时间的虚拟条件。下面就是这三类基本句型的谓语动词形式：[/color][/p][table][tr][td=1,1,49][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]时间[/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,168][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]从句谓语形式[/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,300][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]主句谓语形式[/color][/p]
[/td][/tr]
[tr][td=1,1,49][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]将来[/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,168][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]一般过去时(be用were)[/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,300][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]would/should/might/could+动词原形[/color][/p]
[/td][/tr]
[tr][td=1,1,49][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]现在[/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,168][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]一般过去时(be用were)[/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,300][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]would/should/might/could+动词原形[/color][/p]
[/td][/tr]
[tr][td=1,1,49][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]过去[/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,168][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]过去完成时[/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,300][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]would/should/might/could have+过去分词[/color][/p][/td][/tr]
[/table]
[p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]【有关考题】[/b]（答案分别为CBD）[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b](1)[/b] If he _______ my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. (2010湖南卷)[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]A.[/b] followed [b]B.[/b] should follow [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]C.[/b] had followed [b]D.[/b] would follow[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b](1)[/b] If we _______ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. (2010陕西卷)[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]A.[/b] take [b]B.[/b] had taken [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]C.[/b] took [b]D.[/b] have taken[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b](1)[/b] —John went to the hospital alone. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]—If he _______ me about it, I would have gone with him. (2010天津卷)[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]A.[/b] should tell [b]B.[/b] tells [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]C.[/b] told [b]D.[/b] had told[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][b]二、考查特殊句型中的虚拟语气[/b][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]英语中需要使用虚拟语气的特殊句型不多，主要有以下类：[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]1. [/b][b]“倒装”类虚拟语气[/b][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]当虚拟条件句中含有were, should, had时，有时可将引导虚拟条件句的连词if省略，而将从句中的were, should, had 提到句首，构成倒装形式的虚拟语气。如：[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]If he were here, she would agree too. →Were she here, she would agree too. 如果她在这里，她也同意的。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match. →Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match. 假若明天下雨，我们只好推迟这场比赛。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.→Had we found him earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]注意，如果条件从句的谓语为否定式，其中的否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were, should, had 等缩略成Weren’t, Shouldn’t, Hadn’t而置于句首。如：[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]我如不是警告了你，你就可能丧命了。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]正：If I hadn’t warned you, you could have been killed. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]正：Had I not warned you, you could have been killed. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]误：Hadn’t I warned you, you could have been killed. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]另外，有时省略if后提前到句首的had可能不是助动词，而是实义动词。如：[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]Had I time, I would go with you. 假如我有时间，我就同你们一起去。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]句中的had不是构成过去完成时的助动词，而是表示“有”，如果不省略if，其完整形式为：If I had time, I would go with you. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]【有关考题】[/b]（答案分别为AB）[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b](1)[/b] Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _______. (2010浙江卷)[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]A.[/b] would have been saved [b]B.[/b] had been saved[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]C.[/b] will be saved [b]D.[/b] was saved[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b](1)[/b] _______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. (2006湖北卷)[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]A.[/b] Would you be [b]B.[/b] Should you be [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]C.[/b] Could you be [b]D.[/b] Might you be[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]2. [/b][b]“隐含”类虚拟语气[/b][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]在某些特定的语境中，有时表示虚拟条件的从句可以不出现，而是隐含在句子中的某些短语中，比如隐含在不定式短语、分词短语、介词短语、名词短语等之中。如：[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I should be happy to go with you. 如果能与你一起去，我将很高兴。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]句中的不定式短语to go with you就是表示虚拟条件的，它相当于if I could go with you。这句话的言外之意是：可惜我不一定有机会同你一起去。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. 你学习更用功些，你早就考及格了。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]句中的不定式短语to have studied harder也是表示虚拟条件的，它相当于if you had studied harder。句子的言外之意是：可惜你当时没有更用功我，所以你就没有考及格。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]Failing this time, what would you do？假若这次失败，那你怎么办？[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]句中的分词短语failing this time表示虚拟条件，相当于if you failed this time。其言外之意是：尽管失败的可能性很小，但还是有可能会失败，假若失败了，那怎么办？[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]Without your help, we couldn’t have succeeded. 如果没有你的帮助，我们就不会取得成功。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]句中的介词短语without your help表示虚拟条件，相当于if you hadn’t given us help。其言外之意是：好在你帮助了我们，所以我们取得了成功。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I didn’t know that he was a cheat, or else I wouldn’t have believed him. 我不知道他是个骗子，不然我也不会相信他了。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]句中的or else隐含着一个虚拟条件，它相当于if I had known he was a cheat。句子的言外之意是：当是我竟然相信了他。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]【有关考题】[/b]（答案为D）[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]—The weather has been very hot and dry. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]—Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables ________. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]A.[/b] wouldn’t die [b]B.[/b] didn’t die [b] C.[/b] hadn’t died [b]D.[/b] wouldn’t have died [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]3. [/b][font=宋体][b]“宁愿”类虚拟语气[/b][/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]这里说的“宁愿”主要是指[/font]would rather[font=宋体]。当它后接句子的时候，句子的谓语通常要用虚拟语气，其用法及结构形式为：若从句内容是涉及的是对现在或将来情况的希望，则从句谓语用一般过去时；若从句内容是涉及的是对过去已发生情况表示遗憾或后悔，则从句谓语用过去完成时。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I’d rather you went home now. [font=宋体]我希望你现在就回家。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]Tomorrow’s difficult. I’d rather you came next weekend. [font=宋体]明天有困难，我希望你下周末来。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I’d rather I had gone to the theatre last night. [font=宋体]我倒希望我昨晚我去了剧院看戏。[/font](zn)[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体][b]【有关考题】[/b]（答案为[/font]B[font=宋体]）[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he _______ more on its culture. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]A.[/b] focus [b]B.[/b] focused[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]C.[/b] would focus [b]D.[/b] had focused[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]4. [/b][font=宋体][b]“建议”类虚拟语气[/b][/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]英语中表示“建议”的动词主要有四个——[/font]advise, suggest, propose[font=宋体]和[/font]recommend[font=宋体]。当它们后接[/font]that[font=宋体]引导的宾语从句时，从句谓语通常用“[/font]should+[font=宋体]动词原形”这样的虚拟语气（其中的[/font]should[font=宋体]在美国英语中可以省略）。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]He advised that I (should) write her a letter. [font=宋体]他建议我给她写封信。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I propose that they should stay here. [font=宋体]我建议他们留在这里。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I suggest that we (should) have lunch now. [font=宋体]我建议我们现在吃午饭。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]They recommend that this tax (should) be abolished. [font=宋体]他们建议取消这种税。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]但是，若[/font]suggest[font=宋体]表示“暗示”“表明”“指出”“提出[/font]([font=宋体]看法[/font])[font=宋体]”等，则从句谓语要用陈述语气。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]His smile suggested that he was satisfied. [font=宋体]他的微笑表明他是满意的。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体][b]【有关考题】[/b]（答案为[/font]A[font=宋体]）[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]Teachers recommend parents _______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. (2010[font=宋体]福建卷[/font])[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]A.[/b] not allow [b]B.[/b] do not allow [b]C.[/b] mustn’t allow [b]D.[/b] couldn’t allow[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]5.[/b][font=宋体][b]“命令”类虚拟语气[/b][/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]这里说的“命令”类动词，主要是指[/font]order[font=宋体]和[/font]command[font=宋体]。按英语习惯，当它们后面接一个宾语从句时，从句谓也习惯上要用“[/font]should+[font=宋体]动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的[/font]should[font=宋体]在美国英语中通常被省略。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]He ordered that she (should) go at once. [font=宋体]他命令她马上去。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]6. [/b][font=宋体][b]“要求”类虚拟语气[/b][/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]这时说的“要求”类动词，主要是指[/font]ask, demand, require, request[font=宋体]等，当它们的后面接一个宾语从句时，从句谓也习惯上要用“[/font]should+[font=宋体]动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的[/font]should[font=宋体]在美国英语中通常被省略。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]He demanded that she (should) go with us. [font=宋体]他要求她同我们一起去。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]He requires that I (should) appear. [font=宋体]他要求我出场。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]He asked that he (should) be given a chance to explain it. [font=宋体]他要求给他机会解释这件事。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]He requested that the matter (should) be kept secret [font=宋体]他请求对这件事保密。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][font=宋体][color=#000000]同时还包括这类动词相应的名词后接同位语的情况。如：[/color][/font][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体][b]【有关考题】[/b]（答案为[/font]C[font=宋体]）[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]The workers will go on strike if the demands they _______ put forward are turned down. (2006[font=宋体]福建卷[/font])[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]A.[/b] could [b]B.[/b] would [b]C.[/b] [font=宋体]不填[/font] [b]D.[/b] had[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]答案为[/font]C[font=宋体]。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]7. [/b][b]“坚持”类虚拟语气[/b][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]这类虚拟语气主要指动词insist后接宾语从句时所用的虚拟语气——若从句内容是既成的事实，不容置疑，则从句谓语用陈述语气，此时insist的意思是“坚持说”；若从句内容虽然还不是事实，但非常希望它成为事实，从句谓语用虚拟语气，即采用“should+动词原形”的形式，且其中的should在美国英语中可以省略，此时insist的意思是“坚持要”。比较并体会：[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]He insisted that I had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]He insisted that he was not ill, but the doctor insisted that he should take the medicine. 他坚持说他没有病，但医生却坚持要他服药。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]8. [/b][b]“愿望”类虚拟语气[/b][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]这类虚拟语气主要指动词wish和固定搭配if only后所接从句使用的虚拟语气，但不包括动词hope在内。此类虚拟语气的结构特点如下：[/color][/p][table]
[tr][td=1,1,156][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]从句所涉及时间[/b][/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,312][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]从句谓语形式[/b][/color][/p]
[/td][/tr]
[tr][td=1,1,156][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]从句内容涉及现在情况[/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,312][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]一般过去时 / 过去进行式[/color][/p]
[/td][/tr]
[tr][td=1,1,156][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]从句内容涉及过去情况[/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,312][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]过去完成时 / would (could)+have +过去分词[/color][/p]
[/td][/tr]
[tr][td=1,1,156][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]从句内容涉及将来情况[/color][/p]
[/td][td=1,1,312][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]would (could, might)＋动词原形[/color][/p]
[/td][/tr]
[/table][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I wish I could swim. 我要是会游泳就好了。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I wish I had been here yesterday. 我真希望我昨天在这里。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I wish he could come tomorrow. 我希望他明天能来。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I wish you would come if you had time. 你如有时间的话，我希望你来。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]If only I knew her name! 我要是知道她的名字就好了! [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]If only you had let me know earlier. 要是你早点让我知道就好了。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]If only she would go with me! 她要是愿意和我一道去就好了![/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]9. [/b][b]“似乎”类虚拟语气[/b][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]这类虚拟语气主要指由表示“好像”和“似乎”的as if以及as though引出的虚拟语气句子。既然是“好像”怎么样，或者是“似乎”怎么样，所以它描述的内容就不大可能是事实，或者说可能是非真实的，所以它的谓语通常要用虚拟语气，其结构形式与wish后从句的谓语形式差不多。如：[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I’ve loved you as if you were my son. 我爱你就像我的儿子。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]He talks as if he had a potato in his mouth. 他讲起话来仿佛嘴里含了一个土豆似的。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]She looked as if she had seen a ghost. 她看起来好像刚才遇见了鬼似的。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]根据各句的句意可知，“你”显然不是“我”的儿子，所以第一句中as if从句的内容是非真实的，故用虚拟语气；“他”说话的时候嘴里肯定没有含一个土豆，所以第二句中as if从句的内容也是非真实的，故也用虚拟语气；大家知道“鬼”是不存在的，所以她好像见到鬼的内容也是不真实的，所以第三句的as if从句也用虚拟语气。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]但是，如果说话者认为as if或as though从句所表示的内容是真实的，或者说是有可能成为事实的，那么也可以使用陈述语气。如：[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]We’ve missed the bus. It looks as if we’ll have to walk. 我们错过了公共汽车，看来我们得走路了。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]10. [/b][font=宋体][b]“时候”类虚拟语气[/b][/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]这类虚拟语气主要是指[/font]It’s time[font=宋体]…（是做某事的时候了）后接从句时所使用的谓语形式——不管是针对现在还是将来的情况，一律使用一般过去时。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]It’s time we ordered dinner. [font=宋体]现在该叫菜了。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]It’s time you washed those trousers. [font=宋体]你该洗洗那条裤子了。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]I’m getting tired. It’s time we went home. [font=宋体]我累了，我们该回家了。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]另外，有时还可在名词[/font]time[font=宋体]前加上修饰语[/font]high[font=宋体]表示强调。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]It’s high time you bought a new car. [font=宋体]你早该买辆新车了。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]有一点值得注意，就是动词[/font]be[font=宋体]在这类虚拟语气中的用法与其他的虚拟语气结构不同，前面我们讲到动词[/font]be[font=宋体]在虚拟语气句式中通常在该用[/font]was[font=宋体]的时候而用[/font]were[font=宋体]，但是[/font]it’s time[font=宋体]后的从句中，该用[/font]was[font=宋体]的时候不能用[/font]were[font=宋体]来代替。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][font=宋体][color=#000000]大家都该上床睡觉了。[/color][/font][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]误：[/font]It’s time everyone were in bed. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]正：[/font]It’s time everyone was in bed. [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]11. [/b][font=宋体][b]“若不是”类虚拟语气[/b][/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]英语中有三个表示“若不是”“要不是”的固定表达，它们总是用于引出虚拟条件，句子谓语总是用虚拟语气。这三个固定表达是[/font]but for, if it were not for, if it had not been for[font=宋体]。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]The car broke down. But for that we would have been in time. [font=宋体]汽车出毛病了。要不是那个我们会及时赶到的。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]If it weren’t for your help, I would still be homeless. [font=宋体]若非你的帮助，我仍会无家可归。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]If it hadn’t been for the doctor’s care, I wouldn’t have recovered so soon. [font=宋体]要不是医生的照顾，我不会痊愈得这么快。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]注：介词[/font]without[font=宋体]有时也可表示虚拟条件，意为“若不是”“要不是”，与[/font]but for[font=宋体]用法相同。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]Without [=But for] your help, I would have failed. [font=宋体]要不是有你的帮助，我就会失败了。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体]但是，[/font]without[font=宋体]也可以不表示条件，只表示“没有”的意思。如：[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]Without a word he left the room. [font=宋体]没有说一句话他离开了房间。[/font][/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][font=宋体][b]【有关考题】[/b]**** Hidden Message *****[/font][/color][color=#000000][b](1)[/b] But for the help of my English teacher, I ________ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. (2009[font=宋体]福建卷[/font])[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]A.[/b] would not win [b]B.[/b] would not have won[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]C.[/b] would win [b]D.[/b] would have won [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b](2)[/b] But for their help, we ________ the program in time. (2009[font=宋体]安徽卷[/font])[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]A.[/b] can not finish [b]B.[/b] will not finish [/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000][b]C.[/b] had not finished [b]D.[/b] could not have finished[/color][/p][p=30, 2, center][b]有关虚拟语气的两道陷阱题[/b][/p][p=30, 2, left][b][color=#000000]Thank you very much indeed. If it had not been for your advice I really [/color]_________[color=#000000] what I should have done. [/color][/b][/p][p=30, 2, left][b][color=#000000]A. don’t know B. didn’t know C. hadn’t known D. wouldn’t have known[/color][/b][/p][p=30, 2, left][b]**** Hidden Message *****[/b][color=#000000]请再看几个类似的例子：[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][b](1)[/b][color=#000000] “It’s a long time since we last heard from her.” “Yes, how I wish I knew how she is getting along.” “我们很久没收到她的来信了。”“是啊，我多希望知道她现在过得怎么样。”[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]按照英语语法，I wish 后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，所以其后的 I knew 也的确用的是虚拟语气，但是I knew 后的宾语从句用不用虚拟语气呢？不用。句中说“我多么希望知道”，说明现在并不知道，即现在“知道”并不是事实，只是一种想法，故用了虚拟语气；但是“她现在过得怎么样呢？”则是她现在的实际情况，是事实，故用陈述语气。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][b](2)[/b][color=#000000] I wish I knew what is happening. 但愿我知道现在正在发生什么事。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]此句I knew 用虚拟语气，说明现在想知道，但实际并不知道；其后的 what is happening 没用虚拟语气，是因说话者想知道现在实实在在发生的情况，即想知道“现在正在发生什么情况”这一事实。比较下例：[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][b](3)[/b][color=#000000] I wish I knew what was happening. 要是我当时知道正在发生什么事就好了。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][color=#000000]此句用 what was happening 也非虚拟语气，而是陈述语气的过去进行时态，指过去正在发生的事情。[/color][/p][p=30, 2, left][font=宋体][color=#000000][b]请看下面一道题：[/b][/color][/font][/p][p=30, 2, left][b][color=#000000]“It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. [/color]_________[color=#000000].”[/color][/b][/p][p=30, 2, left][b][color=#000000]A. He’d better give up drinking B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much[/color][/b][/p][p=30, 2, left][b][color=#000000]C. Health is more important than drink D. I wonder why he is always doing so[/color][/b][/p][p=30, 2, left][font=宋体][b]**** Hidden Message *****[/b][/font][/p]
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