“特殊”的英语连词——似是而非的连词
一 . 由动词转化成的连词1. suppose (如果,假使)引导条件状语从句。例如:
( 1 ) Suppose it rains, what shall we do?
如果天下雨,我们该怎么办?
( 2 ) Suppose a lion should come out of the forest?
要是有一头狮子从树林中跑出来咋办?
2. save (除了,只是)引导状语从句,表示伴随状况。例如:
A similar timetable has been used, save that the morning
break is shorter.
已经采用了差不多相同的时间表,只是早上的休息时间缩短了。
二 . 由分词转化成的连词
这类连词有两种:一种是由现在分词转化成的连词,另一种是由过去分词转化成的连词。
1. 现在分词
由现在分词转化成的连词有:seeing (考虑到) supposing (即使,如果) providing (如果) granting (即使) saving (除了,除非) assuming (假使) admitting (虽说,即使) presuming (假定,假使) considering (考虑到)
( 1 ) He can stay here providing he works.
如果他工作的话,他可以留在这儿。
( 2 ) Supposing that you've made some progress, you should
not be proud.
假定你有了一些进步,你也不应该骄傲自大。
( 3 ) Considering they are newcomers, they've done very well.
考虑到他们是新来的,他们已经做得很好了。
2. 过去分词
由过去分词转化成的连词有:provided(如果……的话;以……为条件), granted(假定;即使) given (就……而言)
( 1 ) You may go, provided your work is done.
如果你的工作做完了,你就可以走了。
( 2 ) Granted that he has enough money to buy the house, it
doesn't mean he's going to do so.
即使他有足够的钱来买这栋房子,他也不一定会这么做。
三 . 由副词转化成的连词
directly ,instantly ,immediately ,constantly均表示“一……就,马上,立刻”的意思,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:
( 1 ) Directly I had done it, I knew I had made a mistake.
我刚做完这件事,就知道出错了。
( 2 ) I came immediately I'd eaten.
我一吃完就来了。
( 3 ) I telegraphed instantly I arrived there.
我一到了那里就打电报。
四 . 由名词转化成的连词
由名词转化过来的连词,前面一般都有定冠词。
1. the moment, the instant, the minute
这几个词组都表示“一……就,马上,立刻”的意思,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:
( 1 ) I will meet you the instant you arrive.
你一到我就去见你。
( 2 ) The moment you leave, please tell me.
你一动身就请告诉我。
2. the first (或 second, next, last ) time (或 moment )表示“在某一次……的时候”,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:
I liked her the first time I met her.
第一次见到她时我就喜欢上了她。
五 . 由介词短语转化成的关联连词
由介词短语转化成的关联连词很多,而且还在不断增加。常见的有 for fear that(唯恐), in case that (假使), in order that (为了), on condition that (如果), with the result that (结果)等,可用来引导条件、目的或结果状语从句。例如:
( 1 ) He hurried home for fear that he might miss his guests.
他急忙赶回家,唯恐见不到他的客人。
( 2 ) In case I'm late, start without me.
如果我来晚了,你们不必等我。
( 3 ) I was in the bath with the result that I didn't hear
the telephone.
我正在浴室里洗澡,结果没有听见电话铃响。
( 4 ) They flew there in order that they might be in time to
attend the opening ceremony.
为了能及时参加开幕典礼,他们乘飞机到了那里。
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