Types of Speech
[size=3][color=#29384e][font=Times New Roman]Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] used[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language in any situation regardless of the level of formality. As such[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] these words and expressions are well defined and listed in standard dictionaries. Colloquialisms[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] on the other hand[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speakers of a language and used in informal speech or writing[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] but not considered appropriate for more formal situations. Almost all idiomatic expressions are colloquial language. Slang[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] however[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as good[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] formal usage by the majority. Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standard dictionaries but will be so identified. Both colloquial usage and slang are more common in speech than in writing.[/font][/color][/size][size=3][color=#29384e][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/color][/size]
[size=3][color=#29384e][font=宋体] [/font][font=Times New Roman]Colloquial speech often passes into standard speech. Some slang also passes into standard speech[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] but other slang expressions enjoy momentary popularity followed by obscurity. In some cases[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] the majority never accepts certain slang phrases but nevertheless retains them in their collective memories. Every generation seems to require its own set of words to describe familiar objects and events. It has been pointed out by a number of linguists that three cultural conditions are necessary for the creation of a large body of slang expressions. First[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] the introduction and acceptance of new objects and situations in the society[/font][font=宋体]；[/font][font=Times New Roman] second[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] a diverse population with a large number of subgroups[/font][font=宋体]；[/font][font=Times New Roman] third[/font][font=宋体]，[/font][font=Times New Roman] association among the subgroups and the majority population.[/font][/color][/size]
[size=3][color=#29384e][font=Times New Roman] [/font][/color][/size]
[color=#29384e][font=宋体][size=10.5pt] [/size][/font][size=10.5pt]Finally[/size][font=宋体][size=10.5pt]，[/size][/font][size=10.5pt] it is worth noting that the terms [/size][font=宋体][size=10.5pt]“[/size][/font][size=10.5pt]standard[/size][font=宋体][size=10.5pt]”[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=10.5pt]“[/size][/font][size=10.5pt]colloquial[/size][font=宋体][size=10.5pt]”[/size][/font][size=10.5pt] and [/size][font=宋体][size=10.5pt]“[/size][/font][size=10.5pt]slang[/size][font=宋体][size=10.5pt]”[/size][/font][size=10.5pt] exist only as abstract labels for scholars who study language. Only a tiny number of the speakers of any language will be aware that they are using colloquial or slang expressions. Most speakers of English will[/size][font=宋体][size=10.5pt]，[/size][/font][size=10.5pt] during appropriate situations[/size][font=宋体][size=10.5pt]，[/size][/font][size=10.5pt] select and use all three types of expressions[/size][/color]
页:
[1]