专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(25)a 四级, 语法, 词汇, 专业, 解答

幽幽草

Test TwentyFive
近义词辨析
source, origin, root, resource
这组词均含有“打破”或“挤碎”的意思。
source和origin
都表示某事的“起源，开端”。source原指河流的源头，其引申义可用来指某事物的最初来源或出处，在指非物质或无形的事物时尤其如此。source还常指消息等的“来源，出处”。origin常译为“起源，发源，起因”，指导致某事物最后出现或形成的因素，或某事物在遥远的空间以外或久远的年代以前的最初形态，常表示某种历史文化现象、风俗习惯的“起源”，有时可译为“起因”。
root的意义是“根源，起因”，它强调导致某事物最终出现的最初的、最根本的、最重要的原因，由此所产生的现象或事物常成为一种外观的产物。
resource
主要指一个国家或地区可以取用的“资源，财力，资产”，一般以复数形式出现。resource也可指人在处理问题时所表现出的“才智，机敏”，此时resource为不可数名词。
Literature is a source of endless pleasure to many thousands.文学是很多人快乐的无尽源泉。
Do you know the origin of the custom of giving presents at Christmas?你知道在圣诞节互赠礼品这一风俗的来源吗?
The root of the question lay in the seizure of the land of Ireland by the English ruling class.这个问题的根源在于英国统治阶级对爱尔兰土地的攫取。
The mortgage is a drain on our financial resources.偿还抵押贷款是我们财务上的一大负担。
ordinary, mediocre, commonplace
这组词均含有“平常的，普通的”的意思。
ordinary
意为“普通的，通常的”，使用范围较广，也有“平淡”之意，但不含贬义。
mediocre
意思是“平常，平庸的”，表示事物既不很好，也不很坏，但比所期望的差，隐含“二流”之意。如放在副词only或just后，则加重其贬义。
commonplace
意为“平常的，平凡的”，强调期望与事实差距悬殊，常用作贬义。
It is an ordinary summer day.这是个平常的夏日。
He is a person of mediocre abilities.他是平庸之才。
He’s not at all exciting. In fact, he’s really rather commonplace.他毫不出奇，实际上平庸得很。

幽幽草

全真模拟试题

1.____, he is always modest.

A. With all his profound knowledge 

B. Because of all his profound knowledge

C. With his all profound knowledge 

D. For his profound knowledge

2. His honesty is ____ ; nobody can doubt it.

A. in questionB. out of question

C. beside the questionD. without question

3. When cooking a delicious dish, this kind of spice ____ into account.

A. must be takenB. was taken

C. had been takenD. would have been taken

4. It was not until he took up fishing that he ____ to relax.

A. had been beginningB. began 

C. had begunD. beginning

5. Not only you but also I ____ mistaken on this point.

A. areB. wereC. haveD. am

6. Twenty pounds ____ enough for such a poor family spend for a month.

A. wereB. beingC. have beenD. was

7. The president of the college, together with the deans, ____ planning a conference for the purpose of laying down a series of regulations.

A. wereB. areC. isD. will

8. Many a person ____ at the gate of the department store.

A. is standingB. are standing

C. have been standing D. have stood

9. “I got to my office on time.”“What if your car____”?

A. would broken downB. broke down

C. breaks downD. had broken down

10. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops ____ still better.

A. will be growingB. are growing

C. would have been growingD. would be growing

11. Before the invention of refrigeration, the ____ of fish and meat was a thorny problem.

A. keepingB. maintaining

C. protectionD. preservation

12. A sudden movement caught the pony’s attention and he instantly became ____ and alert.A. doubtfulB. suspicious

C. suspecting D. hesitating

13. During their first teachertraining year, the students often visited local schools for the ____ of lessons.

A. investigationB. observation

C. inspectionD. observance

14. I’ll be very glad that you agree to____ this matter.

A. look upB. look for 

C. look overD. look into

15. As there was a power cut in the hospital, the surgeon had to ____ the operation.

A. call forB. call off 

C. call onD. call out

16. From ancient times, the valley of the Nile has been made ____ by the river floods.

A. famousB. desertedC. attractiveD. fertile

17. The manager made a farseeing decision ____ what she had said.

A. in the light ofB. in the course of

C. in favor ofD. in the face of

18. Each household ____ five pounds of meat every month.

A. availedB. allocated

C. was endowed withD. was entitled to

19. All the information we have collected in relation to that case ______ very little.

A. comes up toB. makes up for

C. stands up forD. adds up to

20. The manager was pleased with increased ____ from the factory.

A. outcomeB. outputC. outsetD. outlet

21. The curtains were put up only months ago, but they have ____ badly.

A. shadedB. faded 

C. faintedD. withered

22. If you find that chair too hard, I’ll bring you a ____ .

A. pillow B. mat

C. comforterD. cushion

23. Only the headwaiter has some professional hotel ____ so the service is rather slow and inefficient.

A. learningB. training

C. teachingD. instructing

24. Fred doesn’t like white coffee, nor does he like to put cream on his strawberries, because he prefers them ____.

A. plainB. simpleC. naturalD. ordinary

25. The economists are not quite optimistic about the economic ____ for Europe.

A. outlookB. insightC. opinionD. attitude

幽幽草

试题答案与解析

1． A)【句意】他尽管学识渊博，但始终很谦逊。

【难点】句型“for all +one’s+名词或从句”以及“with all (one’s+名词或从句)”为习惯性用语，常用来表示让步状语， for all或with all 相当于in spite of all，意为“尽管，虽然”。

2． D)【句意】他的诚实是无可怀疑的，没有人能怀疑这一点。

【难点】without question 意为“无可怀疑的”。in question 意为“在考虑中的，在议论中的”。out of question 意为“不成问题”。beside the question 无此搭配。

3． A)【句意】烹饪一道好菜时，必须考虑使用这种调料。

【难点】由时间状语中的a delicious dish 可以看出，此句意在说明一个普遍的事实，而不是特指烹饪某一道菜，所以无须使用过去时，而只需使用表示普遍情况的一般时。

4． B)【句意】直到他开始以钓鱼为乐，他才开始得到了轻松的休息。

【难点】此句为强调句，所强调的时间状语从句部分的动作几乎和主句的动作同时发生，时间状语从句的谓语动词为过去时，因而主句的谓语动词采用过去时便可。

5． D)【句意】不仅你，我也在这点上犯了错误。

【难点】按照英语语法，由not only…but also构成的主语，其谓语动词应按照就近关系，因此此句只能选择D)。

6． D)【句意】二十镑足够这样一个贫困的家庭花一个月了。

【难点】表示时间度量等复数名词作主语时，常常作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数。7． C)【句意】校长与系主任正打算召开一次会议，以制定一系列规章制度。

【难点】由“together with (as well as, but, including) +名词”构成的介词短语来修饰主语的句子，其谓语动词必须与主语保持一致，而无须考虑以上介词的宾语的单复数形式。

8．A)【句意】许多人站在百货大楼的门前。

【难点】many a +可数名词的单数形式意为“许多…”，后面的谓语动词必须使用单数形式。

9． D)【句意】“我按时到了办公室。”“假如你的车坏了会怎么样?”

【难点】what if 意为“倘使…将会怎样”，由其构成的虚拟条件句通常用过去时表示将来，用过去完成时表示过去时，本句意在表达与过去事实相反，所以条件句子中谓语动词必须采用D)。

10． D)【句意】如果那时天气更好一点的话，现在庄稼长得会更好。

【难点】此句为一错综时间条件句。本句中的从句表达与过去事实相反的一个假设，按照常规虚拟语气句的要求，主句中的谓语动词应为would have grown，表达与过去事实相反；但主句实际要表达的是与现在事实相反，所以谓语动词应为would be growing。

11． D)【句意】在冷冻法发明前，鱼和肉的保存是个棘手的问题。

【难点】preservation 意为“保存，防腐”；keeping 意为“保存；保留”，maintaining 意为“维持；保持；使继续；”protection意为“保护，防护”。

12． B)【句意】有东西突然一动，引起了小马的注意，他立刻警觉起来，变得多疑。

【难点】suspicious 意为“猜疑的，多疑的”，后接of， about ;doubtful 意为“不确知的；怀疑的”，常与about 和of连用； suspecting和hesitating是现在分词，不合本句句意。

13． B)【句意】学生实习当老师的第一年，常常参观当地学校，观察课是怎么上的。

【难点】observation意为“观察；监视”；investigation 意为“调查，调查研究”；inspection 意为“检阅，检查”；observance意为“观察，注意”，不常用。

14． D)【句意】我很高兴你同意调查这件事。

【难点】look into 意为“调查”；look up 意为“(在词典，参考书中）查找”； look for 意为“寻找”；look over 意为“查看，参观”。

15． B)【句意】由于医院停电，那位外科医生不得不取消手术。

【难点】call off 意为“取消”；call for 意为“需要，需求”；call on 意为“号召，呼吁”；call out 意为“召唤…行动”。

16． D)【句意】从古代起，尼罗河谷就被泛滥的河水变成一片沃土。

【难点】fertile 意为“肥沃的，富饶的”；famous 意为“出名的”；deserted 意为“无人居住的，荒废的”；attractive意为“有吸引力的”。

17． A)【句意】经理根据她说的话作了个有远见的决定。

【难点】in the light of 意为“根据”；in the course of 意为“在…期间，在…过程中”；in favor of 意为“赞同，支持”；in the face of意为“在…面前，面对…”。

18． D)【句意】每户每月只有权买五磅肉。

【难点】entitle 意为“把权利给某人”，常用被动语态，后接动词不定式或to+动名词；avail 意为“有助于，有用于”；allocate 意为“分配，分派”；endow 意为“赋予；资助，向…捐钱”，后接with。

19． D)【句意】我们搜集到的有关那个案件的所有信息几乎不起任何作用。

【难点】add up to意为“总计，共达”，add up to very little 意为“几乎不起作用”；come up to 意为“等于，比得上；达到（标准等）”；make up for 意为“补偿；弥补”；stand up for 意为“支持”。

20． B)【句意】经理对增产感到很满意。

【难点】output 意为“产量”；outcome意为“结果；成果”；outset 意为“开始，起初”；outlet 意为“发泄（情感），销路，出口”。

21． B)【句意】窗帘才挂上几个月，可现在已严重褪色。

【难点】fade 意为“褪色，衰退，变弱”；shade 意为“遮蔽，覆盖”；faint意为“晕倒，昏厥”； wither 意为“（草木）枯萎；凋谢”。

22． D)【句意】你要是感觉那把椅子太硬，我就给你拿一个坐垫。

【难点】cushion 意为“垫子，坐垫”；pillow 意为“枕头；mat意为“席子”；comforter意为“被褥”。

23． B)【句意】只有领班受过一些专业酒店培训，所以服务质量特差，工作效率特低。

【难点】training 意为“训练，教育，培训”； learning意为“学习”；teaching意为“教学，讲授”；instructing 意为“指导，指令”。

24． A)【句意】弗莱得不喜欢加牛奶的咖啡，也不喜欢在草莓上加奶油，因为他喜欢清淡的食物。

【难点】plain 意为“（食物等）素净的，清淡的”； simple 意为“简朴的，朴素的”；natural 意为“自然的，天然的”；ordinary 意为“普遍的，惯常的”。

25． A)【句意】经济学家对欧洲的经济前景不抱乐观态度。

【难点】outlook意为“展望，前景”；insight意为“远见；洞察力”；opinion 意为“意见，看法，主张”；attitude 意为“态度，看法”。