专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(29)a 四级, 语法, 词汇, 专业, 解答

幽幽草

Test TwentyNine
近义词辨析
energy, force, power, strength, vigor, might
这组词都有“力”的意思。
energy
有“力，力量，精力”之意，原是物理学用语，其含义是“能”的意思，用于人时，指人的能力、精力。
force
有“力，力量”和“势力，武力”之意，指运用或发挥出来的力量，着重“力”产生的效果，即使人或物克服阻力，按要求的方向运动，达到一定目的。
power
有“力量，能力，权力”之意，含义广泛，可指内存的或外来的、具体的或抽象的力，可引申为“势力，政权”。
strength
有“力量，体力”之意，指人或物内部存在的力量，除指人身体的力气外，还可指感情、意志、记忆、判断等能力，指物时可指法律、风俗、文笔以及舆论等的力量。该词一般做不可数名词。
vigor
有“活力，力量”之意，侧重生命的活力或生命本身内在的力量，可指“精力，干劲”等，是不可数名词。
might
有“力量，威力”之意，指强有力的、强大的、超人的力量，是不可数名词。
The work took me a lot of energy.这工作花费了我很多精力。
The old man pulled the wagon with all his force.老人用尽全力拉货车。
The man has strong desire for power.这人渴望拥有权力。
These two boys are equal in strength.这两个男孩力气相等。
It is patriotism that gives the vigor of her writings.是爱国主义精神使她的作品充满生命力。
She worked with all her might.她竭尽全力地工作。
arouse, rouse
这组词均含有“唤醒，引起”的意思，两者往往可以通用。
rouse
一般作及物动词，有时也可用作不及物动词。
arouse
只作及物动词：
The fire roused the people from their sleep.大火把人们从睡梦中惊醒。
We must arouse them to fight for their own emancipation.我们必须唤醒他们起来为自己的解放而斗争。

幽幽草

全真模拟试题

1. He told me only part of the story ____.

A. so that was itB. so that was this

C. and that was so D. and that was that

2. ____ increases every year as natural habitats disappear.

A. The amount ofendangered species

B. The quantity of endangering species

C. The number of endangered species

D. The majority of endangering species

3. Prices reach an equilibrium at the level at which quantity demanded ____ quantity supplied.

A. is equal toB. equalC. equals toD. is equal

4. The tenant must be prepared to decorate the property ____ the terms of the agreement.

A. with regard toB. in relation to 

C. in accordance withD. providedby

5. Mr. Johnson is ____ to our party.

A. more than pleased to come 

B. pleased more than to come

C. more pleased than to come 

D. more pleasing than to come

6. She intends to move that the committee ____ discussion on this issue.

A. suspendsB. suspendC. will suspendD. suspended

7. It has been suggested that people who watch television incessantly ____ overly passive.A. become B. may become

C. should become D. became

8. He will remain here if ____.

A. neededB. need to beC. need beD. need is

9. The publishers will send you a specimen copy of their new books ______.

A. when it will be requestedB. when they are requested it

C. when it is requested D. when requested

10. The most useful way of looking at a map is not as a piece of paper, but as a record of ____ .

A. organized geographical information

B. geographical organized information

C. geographically organized information 

D. organizing information geographically

11. As Mr. Best was passing the bookstore, he thought he’d just ____ to see whether any interesting books were on sale.

A. look throughB. look inC. look upD. look for

12. Margie’s bedroom was in a ____, with books and papers covering every possible surface.

A. litterB. disorderC. rubbishD. mess

13. Burton said he could not swim until the____ came in because the sea was too far out.

A. currentB. tideC. floodD. wave

14. They decided to ____ their original plans for the house and make it smaller.

A. scale downB. look down upon

C. break downD. keep down

15. It is not uncommon to ____ large numbers of automobiles in the streets of cities like London, Paris and New York.

A. entailB. encloseC. encounterD. endure

16. The oxygen equipment made it possible for the climbers to rest and sleep at very high ____.

A.latitudeB. altitudeC. levelD. hemisphere

17. ____ scientists say the earth will heat up like a pot of flowers in a greenhouse.

A. In the first placeB. At any rate

C. As a matter of factD. As a result

18. Prizes are open to all, ____ nationality, race, or ideology.

A. for the sake ofB. regardless of 

C. at the cost of D. because of

19. The church is ____ on the hillside, about a mile from the town.

A. situatedB. liedC. stationedD. placed

20. Because some teachers believe that memorization and learning are ______, they may tell you that you shouldn’t memorize material; rather, you should understand it.

A. relevant B. compatible

C. incompatible D. incomplete

21. In technology, progress is the standard. In social ____, continuity is the standard, and when change occurs, it is seen as decline rather than advance.

A. institutionsB. commitments

C. limitations D. regulations

22. The job candidates’ main ____ was that he’d never held a job for more than eight months.

A. illusionB. indignationC. enduranceD. liability

23. A(n) ____ job is one that is long and boring.

A. dullB. tediousC. uninterestingD. monotonous

24. The situation there ____ that I should be careful and patient.

A. demandsB. requiresC. hopesD. wishes

25. World War I marked the beginning of this general ____ofcapitalism.

A. crisisB. emergencyC. symbolD. tendency

幽幽草

试题答案与解析

1. D)【句意】他没把事情全告诉我，就是这样。

【难点】That’s it意为“对了”，等于That’s right,或“就这样，完了”，等于That’s all.That’s that是一句加强语气的用语，表示决心、结束争论、讲完故事等时使用的用语，意为“就是这样；就是那么回事；再没什么可说的”。根据题意，选项D)正确。

2. C)【句意】随着自然界动物居所的消失，濒危物种的数量每年也在增加。

【难点】endangered species意为“濒危物种”，endangered表示被动，不能换成endangering,因为ing形式表示主动。the amount of 修饰不可数名词，所以选项A)不对；the quantity of和the majority of虽可修饰可数名词，但其中的endangering不合语法，所以选C)。

3. A)【句意】物价应在供求量相等的水平上达到平衡。

【难点】be equal to意为“与…相等”，等于及物动词equal。在at which引导的定语从句中，主语为第三人称单数，而B)项equal又没有词尾s,C)和D)两项的形式又不正确，所以A)项正确，因其既合语法也合句意。

4. C)【句意】房客必须根据协议条款作好装修房产的准备。

【难点】with regard to意为“有关，关于”；in relation to意为“与…相关”；in accordance with意为“根据，按照”；provided by不是习语搭配。根据题意，应选C)。

5. A)【句意】约翰逊先生非常高兴来参加我们的晚会。

【难点】“more than+形容词”是一个常见的加强语气的结构，意为“非常…，岂只”，如：more than enough够得用不了。be pleased to do是本句要考的另一个结构，意为“高兴做某事”。综合两个结构，正确的语序应该是A)。

6. B)【句意】她想提议委员会暂时终止对这个问题的讨论。

【难点】本句中，move后面加that从句时，从句中要求使用虚拟语气形式，即(should)+动词原形。所以选项中只有B)对。

7. B)【句意】有迹象显示，经常看电视的人可能会变得过分消极。

【难点】本句中的suggest不作“建议”讲，而是“显示，暗示，表明”之意，所以that从句中不接虚拟语气。It在本句中作形式主语，真实主语是that从句。

8. C)【句意】如果必要，他将留在这里。

【难点】if need be是一个习语搭配，意为“必要的话”。

9. D)【句意】如果你要求，出版商会把他们的新书给你寄个样本来。

【难点】when requested是when it is requested by you的省略形式。when， while等词引导时间状语从句时，这种省略经常发生。

10. C)【句意】看地图的最有效方式是不把它看作是一张纸，而看作是组织起来的地理信息的记录。

【难点】本句考查的是词序。organized是过去分词，作定语修饰information,副词geographically修饰动词变来的过去分词organized,所以C)项正确。

11. B)【句意】贝斯特先生路过书店的时候，想朝里面看看有没有他感兴趣的书。

【难点】look in意为“朝里面看”；look through意为“浏览”；look up意为“查阅(字典等)”；look for意为“寻找”。

12. D)【句意】麦奇的卧室乱七八糟，书和纸弄得到处都是。

【难点】mess意为“零乱状态”；litter意为“废纸屑，垃圾，破烂”；disorder意为“杂乱，混乱，无秩序”；rubbish意为“垃圾，废物”。

13. B)【句意】伯顿说他要等涨潮后才下去游，因为现在海水离得太远。

【难点】tide意为“潮水，潮汐”；current意为“水流，气流”；flood意为“洪水，水灾”；wave意为“波浪”。

14. A)【句意】他们决定按比例缩减原来对房子的计划，把房子变小。

【难点】scale down意为“按比例缩减，相应缩减”；look down upon意为“看不起，轻视”；break down意为“捣毁，拆除”；keep down意为“压缩，限制”。

15. C)【句意】在诸如伦敦，巴黎和纽约这样的城市里的街上遇到大量汽车是司空见惯的事。

【难点】encounter意为“遭遇，遇到”；entail意为“使成为必要，需要”；enclose意为“把…装入信封；附上”；endure意为“持续，持久”。

16. B)【句意】氧气设备使得登山者在海拔很高的高度得以休息和睡觉。

【难点】altitude意为“高度；海拔”；latitude意为“纬度”；level意为“水平线；水平面”；hemisphere意为“半球”。

17. D)【句意】所以，科学家说地球会像温室里的一个花盆一样变暖。

【难点】as a result意为“作为结果，因此”；in the first place意为“首先，第一”；at any rate意为“无论如何，无论怎么说”；as a matter of fact意为“实际上”。

18. B)【句意】人人有权得到奖金，无论国籍，种族或价值观念是什么。

【难点】regardless意为“无论，不顾”；for the sake of意为“为了，为…利益”；at the cost of意为“以…为代价”；because of意为“因为，由于”。

19. A)【句意】教堂座落在山坡上，离城里大约一英里。

【难点】be situated in(on)意为“座落在…；位于…”；lie变成lied时，不是“座落，位于”的意思，而是“撒谎”；station意为“驻扎”；place意为“放置，安置”。

20. C)【句意】因为一些教师认为记忆和学习是不能相辅相成的，所以他们可能会告诉你，你不该对材料进行记忆；换句话说，你应该理解材料。

【难点】incompatible意为“不协调的，不能和谐相处的”；relevant意为“切题的，相关的”；compatible意为“协调的，合得来的”；incomplete意为“不完全的，不完整的”。

21. A)【句意】在技术领域，进步就是标准；在社会领域，连续性是标准。发生变革的时候，变革被看作是衰退而不是进步。

【难点】institution意为“制度，习俗”；commitment意为“承诺，约定”；limitation意为“限制，局限”；regulation意为“规则，规章”。

22. D)【句意】这位求职者的主要不利条件是他以前干的工作没有超过八个月的。【难点】liability意为“不利条件”；illusion意为“幻觉，错觉；indignation意为“愤怒，愤慨”；endurance意为“耐力，持久力”。

23. B)【句意】单调乏味的工作的特点是冗长和无聊。

【难点】tedious意为“冗长的；单调乏味的”，侧重因又长又慢又罗嗦而令人生厌。dull意为“没意思的，乏味的，无聊的”，强调缺乏使人感到有趣的特点。uninteresting意为“引不起兴趣的”；monotonous意为“单调的，令人厌倦的”，表示由于缺乏变化，总是保持一个样子而令人厌倦。

24. B)【句意】那里的形势要求我必须小心和耐心。

【难点】require意为“要求”，后接that从句时应用虚拟语气，该词指由于客观规律或法律制度的规定，必须或有权力来要求或命令。demand也是“要求”，后面也接虚拟语气，但语气强烈，表示严肃、郑重地要求，同时也有“发出命令”或“迫切要求”的意思。hope意为“希望”，一种可以实现的希望。wish意为“但愿”，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。

25. A)【句意】第一次世界大战标志着资本主义危机的全面开始。

【难点】crisis意为“危机”；emergency意为“紧急情况，急诊”；symbol意为“象征，标志”；tendency意为“趋势，趋向”。