131yangzi

☆天天学英语☆138:乌总统尤先科提名新总理候选人  

Yushchenko backs new PM Yekhanurov  

Friday, September 9 2005 Posted: 1129 GMT  
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Ukraine's President Viktor Yushchenko urged parliament to back his new prime minister on Friday, but his political future may hinge on the support he will get from dynamic ex-premier Yulia Tymoshenko.  

Ukraine(n.):乌克兰  
Viktor Yushchenko(n.):维克托·尤先科(乌克兰总统)  
back(v.):支持  
prime minister:总理 首相  
hinge on(v.p.):以...为转移  
dynamic(adj.):高效率的 精悍的  
ex-premier(n.):前总理  
Yulia Tymoshenko(n.):尤利娅·季莫申科  

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Yushchenko fired Tymoshenko and her cabinet Thursday to stem government infighting and allegations of corruption in a risky move that commentators said had shaken confidence in the leaders of December's pro-Western "Orange Revolution".  

cabinet(n.):内阁  
stem(v.):阻止  
infighting(n.):勾心斗角  
allegation(n.):辩解  
corruption(n.):腐败 贪污  
commentator(n.):评论员  
pro-Western(adj.):亲西方的  
pro-(prefix):亲 赞成 偏袒  
Orange Revolution:橙色革命  

2004年11至12月，乌克兰发生轰动世界的“橙色革命”。亲西方的反对派领导人尤先科，利用乌总统选举第二轮投票中存在的舞弊现象，发动大规模“街头斗争”，迫使当局作出让步，重新举行投票。尔后，尤先科在第三次投票中获得51.99％的选票，奠定胜局。对此，各方反应全然不同。尤先科欢欣鼓舞，宣称“这是乌克兰人民的胜利”；亚努科维奇则表示不服，并提出多项申诉；美国和欧盟深表“满意”，认为它是“自由、公正的”；俄罗斯和许多独联体国家则十分不满，强调这次投票存在大量违法舞弊行为，“是非法的”。事实说明，这次总统选举不仅凸现乌克兰国内两位总统候选人的“对立”以及东部地区与西部地区的“对立”，而且凸现俄罗斯与美欧国家地缘战略利益的“对立”。这次“橙色革命”产生了极为广泛的国际影响。  

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As Yushchenko pressed parliamentary faction leaders to work with an incoming government under regional governor Yury Yekhanurov, analysts said much depended on which way Tymoshenko -- yet to spell out her plans -- would now go.  

press(v.):逼迫  
parliamentary(adj.):议会的  
faction(n.):小派系  
Yury Yekhanurov(n.):尤里·叶哈努罗夫  
analyst(n.):分析家  
depend on(v.):依靠  
spell out(v.):清楚地说明  

乌克兰总统尤先科9月8日发表声明，宣布解散以季莫申科为总理的乌克兰政府，并签署总统令任命第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克州州长尤里·叶哈努罗夫为政府代总理。这标志着两位昔日的亲密盟友，总统尤先科与总理季莫申科的正式决裂，“橙色联盟”解体。  

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131yangzi

☆天天学英语☆139:致命台风"卡努"袭击中国

Deadly typhoon slams China

At least 7 dead as more than 1 million evacuated

Monday, September 12, 2005 Posted: 0600 GMT
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A typhoon ploughed into China south of Shanghai, killing at least seven people, forcing the evacuation of more than a million and driving thousands of ships to port before weakening on Monday.
A flood control official in the coastal city of Taizhou, which suffered the full brunt of the storm from Typhoon Kanun overnight, said seven people were killed.

plough into(v.):猛撞(to hit sth hard)
evacuation(n.):疏散
weaken(v.):减弱
Taizhou(n.):台州
brunt(n.):冲力
Typhoon Kanun(n.):"卡努"台风
overnight(adv.):整夜

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"The rain has stopped and we can see trees on the street blown down and some areas of the city are still flooded and many houses collapsed," said the official.
At least one person was killed by a fallen power line in Taizhou, Xinhua news agency said.

blown:blow的过去分词(blow过去式为blew)
blow(v.):风吹
eg, the breeze was blowing.
部分关于blow的词组:
blow the gaff:无意中泄露秘密
blow hot and cold:拿不定主意;摇摆不定;反覆无常
blow your mind:让你对某事感既惊奇又兴奋
blow one's own trumpet/horn:自吹自擂
collapse(v.):倒塌
Xinhua news agency:新华通讯社

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Typhoon Khanun, which spared Taiwan on Saturday, made landfall in China's mountainous eastern province of Zhejiang, where storms regularly trigger deadly floods and landslides.

spare(v.):这里有离开的意思
landfall(n.):登陆
mountainous(adj.):多山的
province(n.):省
trigger(v.):引发
landslide(n.):塌方

对定语从句的用法有疑惑的朋友可以特别注意一下这段
对这个知识点有不懂的可以问,3天内回答,没有就PASS

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131yangzi

天天学英语☆140:巴格达发生多起血腥袭击事件  

Insurgents kill more than 100 around Baghdad  

Al-Qaida in Iraq says it's waging a  
nationwide suicide bombing campaign  

Updated: 6:29 a.m. ET Sept. 14, 2005  
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A suicide car bomber struck as day laborers gathered to find work in a heavily Shiite neighborhood in north Baghdad, killing at least 88 people and wounding 227, in the most serious of a series of attacks in the Iraqi capital. U.S. military sources told NBC News that at least 10 suicide bombings occurred across Baghdad Wednesday morning.  

suicide car bomber:自杀式汽车炸弹  
struck(vbl.):strike的过去式  
laborer(n.):劳工 体力劳动者  
gather(v.):聚集  
Shiite(n.)=Shiite Muslims:什叶派穆斯林  
Baghdad(n.):巴格达  
a series of:一连串的 接二连三的  
source(n.):提供消息者  
NBC News(n.):美国国家广播公司新闻网  
suicide bombing(n.):自杀式爆炸  
occur(v.):发生  

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Al-Qaida in Iraq said it was waging a nationwide suicide bombing campaign to avenge a military offensive on a rebel town.  
The statement was carried by an Islamist Web site often used by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi's Sunni militant group.  
It did not mention any specific attack but most of those killed across Baghdad Wednesday were Shiite Muslims.  

Al-Qaida(n.)=Al-Qaeda:基地组织  
wage(v.):制造 发动  
nationwide(adj.):全国范围的  
campaign(n.):（一系列的）袭击活动  
(a series of battles, attacks etc intended to achieve a particular result)  
avenge(v.):为..复仇  
military offensive(n.):军事袭击  
rebel town(n.)=rebel-held town  
被叛军占领的城镇  
Islamist(adj.):虔诚回教徒(把伊斯兰价值观和信仰作为政治与社会生活基础的穆斯林)  
Abu Musab al-Zarqawi(n.):扎卡维(被称为the new Bin Laden)  
Sunni(n.)=Sunni Muslims:逊尼派穆斯林  
Shiite Muslims:什叶派穆斯林

131yangzi

☆天天学英语☆141:朝核六方会谈延迟最终期限

N. Korea talks push past deadline

Pyongyang slams U.S. for refusing reactor demand

Saturday, September 17, 2005 Posted: 0824 GMT (1624 HKT)  

Talks on ending North Korea's nuclear program will continue beyond a Saturday deadline that had been set for negotiators to respond to a new draft agreement affirming Pyongyang's right to peaceful nuclear activities after it disarms.

nuclear program(n.):核计划
beyond(prep.):超过
deadline(n.):最终期限
set the deadline:设定最终期限
negotiator(n.):谈判代表
respond to(v.):反应
draft(n.):草案
Pyongyang(n.):平壤(朝鲜首都)
disarm(v.):此处指(朝鲜)放弃核武

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It wasn't immediately clear how the six countries were involved in the talks had responded to the new draft, but the Chinese media center for the negotiations, being held in Beijing, said meetings would continue Sunday.
Earlier, the main U.S. envoy had declined to comment on whether Washington approved of the new proposal.  

be involved in(v.):涉及 卷入
negotiation(n.):谈判 协商
envoy(n.):特使 使节
comment on(v.):评论
approve of(v.):赞成

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The North on Friday had steadfastly refused to give up its nuclear program without any concessions from the United States--a stance that put it at odds with Washington.

the North=the North Korea
steadfastly(adv.):坚定不移地 不变地
concession(n.):让步
stance(n.):姿态
at odds(adv.):争执

*各方对于共同文件草案分歧的主要焦点集中在轻水反应堆问题上。  

轻水反应堆:light-water reactor

131yangzi

☆天天学英语☆142:朝方拖延放弃核计划的许诺

North Korea balks on ending nuclear programs
  
Pyongyang ties pledge to rejoin arms treaty to light-water reactors  

Updated: 3:50 a.m. ET Sept. 20, 2005
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North Korea said Tuesday it would not dismantle its nuclear weapons program until the United States first provides an atomic energy reactor, casting doubt on its commitment to a breakthrough agreement reached at international arms talks.  

dismantle(v.):放弃 拆毁
nuclear weapons program(n.):核计划
atomic energy reactor(n.):原子能反应堆
commitment(n.):许诺
breakthrough(n.):突破

朝鲜于周二称若美方能先向其提供原子反应堆，他们就会放弃核计划，这又为刚在六方会谈上达成的突破性共识布下了疑云。

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The North insisted during arms talks that began last week in Beijing that it be given a light-water reactor, a type less easily diverted for weapons use, in exchange for abandoning nuclear weapons. The agreement reached at the talks' end Monday — the first since the negotiations began in August 2003 — says the six countries in the negotiations will discuss the reactor issue “at an appropriate time.”
the North=the North Korea
light-water reactor(n.):轻水反应堆
divert(v.):转化
abandon(v.):放弃
negotiation(n.):谈判 协商
appropriate(adj.):合适的

The North insisted during arms talks that began last week in Beijing that it be given a light-water reactor...
第一个that后为定语从句,修饰先行词talks
第二个that后为宾语从句,that it (should) be given..虚拟语气
arms talks即six-party talks

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However, China said later on Tuesday it did not believe North Korea had misunderstood its commitments in the joint statement, Reuters reported.
"I don't think the North Korean had misunderstood or misinterpreted the joint statement," Foreign Ministry spokesman Qin Gang told a news conference. "This joint statement was unanimously approved by the six sides."

joint statement(n.):共同声明
Reuters(n.):英国路透社
misinterprete(v.):误译
Foreign Ministry(n.):外交部
unanimously(adv.):一致地

*《不扩散核武器条约》:Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty
*朝鲜半岛无核化:
nuclear weapons-free status on the Korean Peninsula

131yangzi

☆天天学英语☆143:飓风丽塔逼近 大量居民撤离

Rita churning toward Texas, Louisiana

Outer bands from Category 4 storm sweep over New Orleans

Friday, September 23, 2005 Posted: 0914 GMT (1714 HKT)  
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A weakened but still powerful Hurricane Rita continued its march Friday toward the Texas-Louisiana coast, with forecasters saying the storm could possibly strengthen before making landfall early Saturday.

weakened(ppl.):减弱的
Hurricane Rita(n.):飓风丽塔
Texas(n.):得克萨斯
Louisiana(n.):路易斯安那
forecaster(n.):预报
strengthen(n.):（强度）增加
landfall(n.):登陆
make (one's) landfall

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Ahead of the hurricane, highways were overloaded with frustrated evacuees.
Max Mayfield, director of the National Hurricane Center in Miami, Florida, said Rita will hit a deep trench of warm water and could intensify before landfall, possibly to Category 5 status.  

highway(n.):高速公路
be overloaded with(v.):超载
frustrated(adj.):失望的 泄气的
evacuee(n.):疏散者
the National Hurricane Center(n.):美国国家飓风研究中心
Miami(n.):迈阿密
Florida(n.):佛罗里达
trench(n.):深沟
intensify(v.):增加强度
Category 5(n.):五级

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Mayfield said forecasters expect Rita to come ashore Saturday morning, likely between Galveston, Texas, and the Louisiana border.
"This is still a very, very dangerous Category 4 hurricane. We'll likely see some fluctuations. ... but the wise thing to do is to go ahead and plan for a Category 4 hurricane making landfall," Mayfield said.

ashore(adv.):上岸
Galveston(n.):加尔维斯顿(Texas)
fluctuation(n.):波动(sudden & unsteady changes,frequently)
economic fluctuations 经济波动
exchange fluctuations 汇兑变动
seasonal fluctuations 季节性波动
price fluctuations 价格波动
etc.

131yangzi

☆天天学英语☆144:基地组织重要人物遭突袭身亡  
  
U.S. official: Al Qaeda's No. 2 in Iraq killed  

Insurgents dressed as police kill six teachers  

Tuesday, September 27, 2005 Posted: 1152 GMT (1952 HKT)  
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A man believed to be al Qaeda's No.2 operative in Iraq has been killed, a U.S. Defense Department official confirmed to CNN.  
The military official said Abu Azzam, a "significant" figure in the al Qaeda network in Iraq, held senior positions in the al Qaeda in Iraq network in Baghdad and Falluja and had a personal relationship with the most-wanted militant Abu Musab al-Zarqawi.  

al Qaeda(n.):基地组织  
operative(n.):一般解释为工人，操作工，特务等。然而与基地组织联系起来的话，就有高层人物的含义。如基地组织头号人物一般翻成：the top operative of al Qaeda。  
U.S. Defense Department(also U.S. Department of Defense):  
(n.)美国国防部  
confirm(v.):确认(especial by providing more proof)  
CNN(n.):美国有线新闻网(Cable News Network)  
Abu Azzam(n.):阿布·阿扎姆(扎卡维的高级助手)  
Falluja(n.):费卢杰  
Abu Musab al-Zarqawi(n.):阿布·穆萨布·扎卡维  
(本·拉登副手,基地组织三号人物,美军首要通缉犯)  

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"This creates a void for al Qaeda in Iraq, in their leadership, for a while," a U.S. military spokesman said.  
The spokesman said Azzam was slain at 4:50 a.m. Sunday in a residential high-rise in Baghdad during a coalition-Iraqi operation.  

void(n.)职位)空缺  
leadership(n.):领导层  
slain(slay的过去分词)  
slay(v.):杀死  
residential(adj.):住宅区的  
high-rise(=high-rise building/housing)(n.):高层住宅  
during a coalition-Iraqi operation...:  
在美伊联军的共同行动中。。。  

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As forces entered an apartment, they were fired at by Azzam and another man.  
The forces killed Azzam and wounded the other man. Two women were not injured, the spokesman said.  

forces(n.):军队(force的复数形式有军队的含义)  
fire(v.):开火  

美伊联军于２６日对阿扎姆在巴格达藏身的公寓发动突袭，并打死了这名基地组织的重要人物。美军发言人２７日证实了这个说法。扎卡维及其领导的“伊拉克圣战基地组织”尚未对阿扎姆的死发表任何评论。

131yangzi

☆天天学英语☆145:美国副国务卿走访穆斯林国家

In new job, Hughes listens and learns

On Mideast tour, Bush confidant tries to address America's image problem

Updated: 7:28 a.m. ET Sept. 30 2005
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Best known for her behind-the-scenes work as President Bush's former message master and adviser, Karen Hughes stepped out in a new role this week — taking on the tall task of improving America's image abroad.  

behind-the-scenes(adj.):幕后的
Karen Hughes(n.):凯伦·休斯(美国国务院主管公共外交与公共事务的副国务卿，被称为"布什肚子里的蛔虫")
step out in(v.):暂时离开一个职位到另一个...
take on(v.):担任 承担
America's image abroad...
美国的国际形象...

美国民主党和美国共和党在国际事务上其施政纲领的区别之一是:

the Republican Party(共和党):A safer world, a more peaceful America
从这点可以联系到布什政府发动的反恐战争

the Democratic Party(民主党):Strong at home, respected in the world

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Hughes, recently anointed as Undersecretary of State for Public Diplomacy, visited Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Turkey on a "listening tour" to hear from citizens of the mostly Muslim countries about their views of America.  

anoint(v.):一般字典里都解释为涂油,或使..神化。另外,anoint也有加冕,授予高贵职位的意思。(Anointing a king was equivalent to crowning him.)

*"Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward." (旧约 撒母耳记 16:13)

Undersecretary of State for Public Diplomacy(n.):主管公共外交的副国务卿
Saudi Arabia(n.):沙特阿拉伯
Muslim country(n.):穆斯林国家

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Hearing criticism

Hughes heard a range of opinions and at times was met with some harsh criticism for U.S. policies, especially its invasion of in Iraq.  

At a discussion with female non-governmental organization (NGO) leaders in the Turkish capital, Ankara, Hughes made few comments as woman after woman told her they felt the war was unnecessary and that it erases the impact of anything positive the U.S. does.  

"No one likes war,” she said later. “And that's been one of those things that I've tried to explain here this week: that Americans are concerned about war, too — even when we feel it's the right thing.”

With Americans still fighting in Iraq she admitted that adjusting attitudes toward the U.S. was an uphill struggle. "I never expected that I'd come here and take someone who was opposed to what we're doing in Iraq and change their mind,” she said.

harsh(adj.):苛刻的 刺耳的
invasion(n.):入侵
non-governmental organization(n.):非政府组织
Ankara(n.):安卡拉(土耳其首都)
erase(v.):抹去
uphill(adj.):上升的

131yangzi

☆天天学英语☆146:印度尼西亚搜捕巴厘岛爆炸案策划人

Indonesia hunts Bali bombing masterminds

Officials use photos of severed heads to identify bombers

Updated: 3:38 a.m. ET Oct. 3 2005
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Investigators hunting for the masterminds of three suicide bombings on the popular resort island of Bali hoped to identify the bombers Monday using photographs of their heads circulating in newspapers nationwide.

investigator(n.):调查者
hunt for(v.):搜寻
mastermind(n.):策划者
suicide bombing(n.):自杀式爆炸
resort(n.):胜地
island of Bali(n.):巴厘岛
circulate(v.):传播 散布
nationwide(adv.):全国性地

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Police also sought three accomplices believed to still be on the Indonesian resort island, and officials enlisted a former operative of Southeast Asia's top terror group to help track down the plotters of Saturday's attack, which killed about 26 and injured about 100.

sought(vbl.):seek的过去式和过去分词
accomplice(n.):同谋
Indonesian(adj.):印度尼西亚的
enlist(v.):与后半句的help联系起来看，有说服的意思
enlist sb's help:说服某人帮忙(to persuade someone to help you)
track down(v.):追捕
plotter(n.):阴谋策划者

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━  

The suspects in the near-simultaneous bombings on three crowded restaurants were believed to have been fitted with explosive belts that blew apart their torsos. But their heads were intact, swollen and bruised but remarkably well-preserved, said Indonesian anti-terror official Maj. Gen. Ansyaad Mbai.

suspect(n.):嫌疑犯
near-simultaneous(adj.):几乎同时发生的
explosive belt(n.):爆炸式腰带
torso(n.):躯干
intact(adj.):完整无缺的
swollen(adj.):肿的
bruised(adj.):有伤的
well-preserved(adj.):保存良好的

131yangzi

☆天天学英语☆147:朝鲜领导人金正日即将任命其继承人

North Korea's Kim may name successor soon

Will leader tap one of his three sons or someone outside the family?

Updated: 2:35 a.m. ET Oct. 5, 2005
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

North Korean leader Kim Jong Il could soon name his successor to head the hard-line communist nation, a Russian news agency reported Tuesday.

Kim Jong Il(n.):金正日
name(v.):指定
successor(n.):继承者 接班人
head(v.):领导
hard-line(adj.):走强硬路线的
news agency(n.):通讯社

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The ruling Korean Workers' Party celebrates its 60th anniversary on Monday, and an announcement of the North's next leader could be timed around that event, an unidentified diplomatic official in Pyongyang told the ITAR-Tass news agency, which has a correspondent in the North Korean capital.

Korean Workers' Party(n.):朝鲜劳动党
anniversary(n.):周年纪念
announcement(n.):宣布
around(adv.):左右 大约
unidentified(adj.):未确认的
diplomatic(adj.):外交的
Pyongyang(n.):平壤
ITAR-Tass news agency(n.):俄罗斯新闻通讯社-塔斯社
correspondent(n.):通讯记者(一般是指常驻的)

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The ITAR-Tass source said the decision could be made either at a closed party leadership meeting or a party congress, which would usually be announced a month in advance, ITAR-Tass reported. No plans for such a meeting have yet been made public.
Kim has three sons and all of them have “approximately equal chances” of inheriting leadership of the reclusive state, according to ITAR-Tass.

leadership(n.):领导层
congress(n.):国会
in advance(adv.):提前
make sth public:宣布某事 曝光
approximately(adv.):大约 近似地
inherit(v.):继承
reclusive(adj.)隐遁的

131yangzi

☆天天学英语☆148:南亚地震·上万人遇难

At least 18,000 killed in massive Asia quake

"A national tragedy," says Pakistan Army spokesman after 7.6 temblor

Updated: 2:43 a.m. ET Oct. 9, 2005
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A powerful earthquake triggered landslides, flattened entire villages of mud-brick homes and toppled an apartment building on Saturday, killing more than 18,000 people as it devastated a mountainous swath touching Pakistan, India and Afghanistan.

trigger(v.):引发 触发
landslide(n.):塌方
flatten(v.):将..夷为平地
mud-brick(adj.):用泥砖搭建的
topple(v.):推倒 倾倒
devastate(v.):毁坏
mountainous swath(adj.):多山地带
Pakistan(n.):巴基斯坦
Afghanistan(n.):阿富汗

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Pakistan's private Aaj television reported the Pakistani death toll had jumped to 25,000. But the report, which included casualties in Pakistani-controlled Kashmir, gave no source for its figures and there was no immediate confirmation from Pakistani officials but they have said the toll will rise.

Aaj television(n.):巴基斯坦一电视频道
death toll(n.):死亡人数
casualty(n.):死亡人员
Pakistani-controlled Kashmir(n.):巴控克什米尔地区
immediate(adj.):迅速的
confirmation(n.):确认

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The casualty toll from the 7.6-magnitude tremor rose sharply Sunday as rescuers struggled to dig people from the wreckage, their work made more difficult as rain and hail turned dirt and debris into sticky muck.

magnitude(n.):震级
tremor(n.):地震 震动
rescuer(n.):救援人员
wreckage(n.):残骸
hail(n.):冰雹
debris(n.):碎片 残骸(注意那个S是不发音的/'debri:/)
sticky(adj.):粘稠的
muck(n.):垃圾 脏物

131yangzi

☆天天学英语☆149:简单回顾 05年诺贝尔奖获奖情况

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005 (诺贝尔物理学奖)

05年物理学奖由美德三位科学家分享：

『Roy J. Glauber』(USA)

1/2 of the prize  

Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA

born in 1925

"for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence"

罗伊·格劳伯 [美]
获得该奖项二分之一的奖金

获奖原因：对光学相干的量子理论作出了贡献

『John L. Hall』(USA)

1/4 of the prize

University of Colorado, JILA; National Institute of Standards and Technology  
Boulder, CO, USA

born in 1934

"for his contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique"

约翰·霍尔[美]
获得该奖项四分之一的奖金

获奖原因：对基于激光的精密光谱学发展作出了贡献

『Theodor W. Hänsch』(Germany)

1/4 of the prize

Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik  
Garching, Germany; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität  
Munich, Germany

born in 1941

"for his contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique"

特奥多尔·亨施[德]
获得该奖项四分之一的奖金

获奖原因：同上

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005(诺贝尔化学奖)

05年化学奖由美法三位科学家分享：

『Yves Chauvin』(France)

1/3 of the prize

Institut Français du Pétrole  
Rueil-Malmaison, France

born in 1930

"for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis"

伊夫·肖万[法]
获得该奖项三分之一的奖金

获奖原因：对烯烃复分解反应研究方面的贡献
（三位获奖者的获奖原因相同，后不再赘述）

『Robert H. Grubbs』(USA)

1/3 of the prize

California Institute of Technology (Caltech)  
Pasadena, CA, USA  

born in 1942

罗伯特·格拉布[美]
获得该奖项三分之一的奖金

『Richard R.Schrock』(USA)

1/3 of the prize

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)  
Cambridge, MA, USA

born in 1945

理查德·施罗克[美]
获得该奖项三分之一的奖金

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005
(诺贝尔生理学或医学奖)

05年生理学或医学奖由澳大利亚两位科学家获得：

『Barry J. Marshall』(Australia)

1/2 of the prize

NHMRC Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory, QEII Medical Centre; University of Western Australia  
Nedlands, Australia  

born in 1951

"for his discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease"

巴里·马歇尔[澳]
获得该项二分之一的奖金

获奖原因：发现了幽门螺杆菌及其导致胃炎、胃溃疡与十二指肠溃疡等疾病的机理。

『J.Robin Warren』(Australia)

1/2 of the prize

Perth, Australia

born in 1937

罗宾·沃伦[澳]
获得该项二分之一的奖金

获奖原因：同上

The Nobel Prize in Literature 2005(诺贝尔文学奖)

05年文学奖由一英国作家独得:

『Harold Pinter』(United Kingdom)

born in 1930

"who in his plays uncovers the precipice under everyday prattle and forces entry into oppression's closed rooms"

罗德·品特[英]


获奖原因：他“发现了在日常闲聊下的深刻之处并强行打开了压抑者关闭的房间”。

The Nobel Peace Prize 2005(诺贝尔和平奖)

05年和平奖由一个机构及其总干事获得:

『International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)』

1/2 of the prize

Vienna, Austria

founded in 1957

"for their efforts to prevent nuclear energy from being used for military purposes and to ensure that nuclear energy for peaceful purposes is used in the safest possible way"

国际原子能机构
获得该项奖金的二分之一

获奖原因：在阻止核能在军事领域的使用和加强民用核能的安全性方面做出了突出贡献。

『Mohamed ElBaradei』(Egypt)

1/2 of the prize

Director General of IAEA  

born in 1942  

穆罕默德·巴拉迪[埃及]
获得该项奖金的二分之一

获奖原因：同上

The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2005(aka Nobel Prize in Economics)(诺贝尔经济学奖)

05年经济学奖由美以双重国籍的和一美国人二人获得:

『Robert J. Aumann』(Israel and USA)

1/2 of the prize

Center for Rationality, Hebrew University of Jerusalem  
Jerusalem, Israel

born in 1930 (in Frankfurt-on-the-Main,Germany)

"for having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game-theory analysis"

罗伯特·奥曼[美&以]
获得该项奖金的二分之一

获奖原因:在博弈论领域作出了贡献

『Thomas C.Schelling』(USA)

1/2 of the prize

Department of Economics and School of Public Policy, University of Maryland  
College Park, MD, USA

born in 1921

托马斯·谢林[美]
获得该项奖金的二分之一

获奖原因:同上

131yangzi

China's Space Program: A Chronology  
Oct. 8, 1956: China opens its first institute on missile and rocket research, the No. 5 Research Institute attached to the Ministry of National Defense, with Qian Xuesen, a Chinese scientist who returned from the United States, as the first director.  
Chronology 年表
attached to 从属于是 Ministry of National Defense 国防部

July 19, 1964: A biological rocket carrying albino rats is launched successfully from Guangde County in east China's Anhui Province, an important step forward in China's space exploration.
albino白化病者, 白化变种

131yangzi

April 1, 1968: An institute for spaceflight-oriented medical engineering opens in Beijing, charged with conducting research into manned spaceflight.  
manned spaceflight. 载人航天
spaceflight-oriented 航天领域的
charge with 负责
April 24, 1970: China becomes the fifth country to send a satellite into orbit, as the DFH-1 scientific experimental satellite lifts off aboard a Long March rocket.  
DFH-1 东方红1号
lift off(火箭, 导弹等)发射, (直升飞机等)起飞
Long March rocket  
长征火箭

131yangzi

July 16, 1990: China launches Long March CZ-2E, a cluster carrier rocket, laying a foundation for manned spacecraft launches.  

1992: China lists manned spaceflight as one of its state projects, later named Shenzhou (Divine Vessel).  
cluster carrier rocket　捆绑运载火箭
manned spaceflight 载人航天
Divine Vessel ”神舟”的英文说法

Nov. 20, 1999: China launches its Shenzhou experimental spacecraft for the first time and the re-entry module lands in central Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region the next day.  
re-entry module 返回舱（指令舱）

Jan. 10, 2001: Shenzhou-2 experimental spacecraft launches successfully and the re-entry capsule returns to earth on Jan. 16 in central Inner Mongolia after carrying out scientific research projects.  
re-entry capsule 返回舱（太空舱）

131yangzi

March 25, 2002: China sends unmanned Shenzhou-3 into orbit and after circling the earth 108 times, the craft returns to earth, landing in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on April 1.  

Dec. 30, 2002: Shenzhou-4, also an unmanned spacecraft, also launches successfully.  

Oct. 15, 2003: Shenzhou-5 blasts off into space from Jiuquan launch center, and China sends its first astronaut into orbit.
blast off v. 点火起飞
astronaut　宇航员

131yangzi

中国的月球探测-"嫦娥计划"  
On March 24 to 25, 2004, Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense held the first Chang'e Project Working Conference & General Coordination Conference in Beijing. After the lunar probe project was ratified by the State Council in January this year, the leading group of lunar probe project decided to name the project “chang'e Project" and the first satellite around the moon the “Chang'e No1". This was the first time when the project  
formally debut as the name Chang'e Project.

Working Conference & General Coordination Conference  
工作会议暨大总体协调会
luna radj. 月的, 月亮的
probe探针, 探测器
the lunar probe project 月球探测计划
ratify vt .批准, 认可  
State Council 国务院
“chang'e Project" 嫦娥工程
formally 正式
debut 首次提出，出台

131yangzi

Luan Enjie, the general director of the project, made a report at the conference. He arranged all the work for research on the project, and proposed requirements on promoting understanding, enhancing leadership, arranging carefully, managing scientifically and paying attention to quality to ensure successful accomplishment of the general target of the project and all the work in 2004.

general director 总指挥
Propose 提出
promoting understanding, enhancing leadership 增进了解，提高领导能力
arranging carefully, managing scientifically 合理安排，科学布署
paying attention to 注意
quality 质量 accomplishment 完成

131yangzi

At the conference, Mr. Luan granted the letter of appointment to the general directors of the five systems, namely, satellite, carrier rocket, ground application, launch and observation and control, to clarify the responsibilities of the five systems and make the general directors and chief designers to take office.


grant 同意
appointment 任命，委派
satellite, carrier rocket, ground application, launch and observation and control
卫星部，运载火箭部，地面控制部，发射部，观测和控制部
namely, 即，也就是
clarify 阐明，明确
take office. 就职

131yangzi

At the following general coordination conference, the chief designer and the deputy chief designer coordinated and solved the problem of important connection between the major systems and all key problems in the process of research.

general coordination conference 总体协调会
chief 首席的,主要的
the major systems and all key problems 主系统和所有的关键问题
key 关键的