Test One
集体名词作主语主谓一致
1)通常作复数的集体名词
集体名词，如：police, people,cattle,militia,poultry等，
通常作复数，用复数动词。如：
Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.
2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词
有些集体名词，如foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：All the machinery in the factory is made in China.
3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词
集体名词，如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。
The city council is meeting to set its agenda.
4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词
如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。
例如：
A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.
近义词辨析
tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, wornout
这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。
tired
可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。
Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。
exhausted
表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。
The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。
fatigued
所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。
He felt fatigued and didn’t want to say a single word.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。
weary
语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。
After a long and weary wait, the plane finally came to take them back.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。
wornout
这个词不太正式，多用于口语。
The troops were wornout after winning the battle.战后,部队疲惫不堪。作者: 幽幽草 时间: 2007-8-24 17:11 标题: 专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(01)b
全真模拟试题
1. Although ____ Spanish, he attended the course.
A. he was knowingB. he is knowing
C. having a knowledge ofD. knows
2. You ____that letter to James. However, you didn’t.
A. ought to writeB. ought to have written
C. should writeD. should be writing
3. Joseph was very lucky ____ with his life; he almost did not get out of the room.
A. to escapeB. to have escaped
C. to escapingD. to be escaping
4. Bread and butter ____liked by Westerners.
A. isB. areC. wereD. be
5. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ____very pleasant to sit on in summer.
A. which isB. which it isC. it isD.where it is
6. He set up in business ____ his own and was very successful.
A. inB.ofC.onD. by
7. John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he ____ last night.
A. must studyB. should have studied
C. must have studiedD. is sure to study
8. Frank almost never received any education, ____?
A. would heB. did he
C. didn’t heD. wouldn’t he
9.Even if his letter ____ tomorrow, it ____too late to do anything.
A.will arrive...isB.should arrive...were
C.arrives...will beD.arrives...would be
10. We can hear____from the back of the room.
A. just as goodB.just as easy
C.just as wellD.easily as well
11. To obtain a satisfactory result, one must apply two ____of paint on a clean surface.
A.coatsB. levelsC.timesD. courses
12. The small mountain village was ____ by the snow for more than one month.
A. cut backB.cut out
C.cut offD. cut away
13. Miss Green was ____ $100 for driving after drinking.
A. finedB.chargedC.punishedD.posed
14. Modern ____ perhaps causes more problems than it solves.
A. technique B.technology
C. tactics D.tendency
15. Mary tiptoed over and took the clock away because she hated to hear it ____ when she was trying to go tosleep.
A. soundingB. ringingC. tickingD. humming
16. Under this ____ pressure some of the rocks even became liquid.
A. intensiveB.weightyC.intenseD.bulky
17. Of course, most immigrants did not get rich overnight, but the ____ of them were eventually able to improve upon their former standard of living.
A. maximumB.minorityC. majorityD.minimum
18. Nancy was surprised that they have ____. They seemed to be a happy couple.
A. split upB.broken down
C. fallen throughD. knocked out
19.The beach is in an ideal ____ to draw tourists.
A. conditionB. situationC. stateD. publicity
20. Our ____ sensitivity decreases with age. By age 60, most people have lost 40 percent of their ability tosmell and 50 percent of their taste buds.
A. sensibleB. senseless
C. sensitiveD. sensory
21. The eldest child is thoroughly ____ because they always give him whatever he wants.
A. wastedB. spoiled
C.destroyed D.uneducated
22. If a substance is dissolved in water or heated, it may ____ a gas.
A. give intoB. give over
C. give offD. give away
23. His manner was so pleasant that Bolla felt at ____ with him at once.
A. peaceB. largeC. easeD. best
24. —Can you takethe day off tomorrow?
—Well, I’ll have to get ____ from my boss.
A. permissionB. permit
C. allowanceD. possession
25. The ____ in Janet’s character has hindered her from advancement in her career.
A. weaknessB. merit
C. defectD. shortcoming作者: 幽幽草 时间: 2007-8-24 17:12 标题: 专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(01)c
试题答案与解析
1. C)【句意】虽然只懂一点西班牙语，但他还是参加了这个课程的学习。
【难点】know是静态动词，不能用于进行时；选knows从句中又缺少主语。knowledge作“知识”讲时是不可数名词，但作“了解”讲时，前面可加“a”，常用于词组have a knowledge of中，所以选C)。
2. B)【句意】你本应该给詹姆斯写信，然而，你没写。
【难点】ought to have written是虚拟语气，与本句句意相符。
3. B)【句意】约瑟夫幸运地逃了性命；他险些没从房间里逃出来。
【难点】to have escaped 是不定式的完成式，表示过去的某一动作业已完成。
4. A)【句意】黄油面包受西方人青睐。
【难点】bread and butter 是西方人吃的一种食品，虽然有三个字，表达的却是一个东西，并且是不可数名词，作单数。
5. A)【句意】我家的后花园有一片草坪，夏天坐在上面会令你心旷神怡。
【难点】which引出非限制性定语从句，在句中作主语，且和sit on 构成动宾关系。类似的句子有：This room is comfortable to live in 这句中live in 和this room构成动宾关系。
6. C)【句意】他独自一人开始经商，并且做得很成功。
【难点】on one’s own 是个常用的介词词组，意为“独自”；of one’sown表示“某人自己的(东西)”，如：I have a flat of my own.我自己有套房子。
