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标题: 我来翻译(更新完毕:)) [打印本页]

作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-9 11:27     标题: 我来翻译(更新完毕:))

每个民族都有自己的文化。这种文化是在特定的自然环境、历史条件、地理位置和社会现实中形成的,因此具有特殊性。要掌握一种语言就要熟悉其背后的文化特殊性,就要洞察本民族文化与其他民族文化的差异。为使译文读者得到和原文读者基本相同的文化信息,在翻译中遇到两种文化的差异时,译者就要仔细在两种文化中寻找对应的表达方式,做出各种必要的转换,传递原文中真实的文化信息。

文化习俗的不同

英语和汉语的社会群体在各自漫长的历史进程中,由于各自的风俗习惯、社会历史、文化背景、宗教信仰和地理环境等因素的影响,形成了具有各自民族特色的词汇体系。其中相当一部分是反映民族文化意义的词汇。这些词汇的文化意义呈现出差异性,因此,各民族表达相同概念的说法是各不相同的,

联想上的不同  

语言是表达思想的,而思想是客观地反映。由于受到客观上的制约,不同文化的人生活习惯和思维方式都有很多不同之处,不同的民族往往用不同的比喻表达不同思想。

文化差异与翻译 
 
语言是文化的载体,不同的语言决定了不同民族不同的思维方式和行为方式,以及语言的表达方式。翻译是要了解英汉语言的根本区别与思维的差异,必须作等值意义转换,才能创作出最忠实、最自然、最贴切的译文。

今天就先来翻译“山中无老虎,猴子称霸王”(3日后公布答案哦,大加积极参与: ) )

[ 本帖最后由 DZ 于 2007-11-5 04:45 PM 编辑 ]
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-10 09:30

nobody?is it too hard or too easy?let's have a try!
作者: chm8624    时间: 2007-10-11 09:53

提示: 作者被禁止或删除 内容自动屏蔽
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-11 11:25

呵呵,大家快来参与哦,答案明日公布,之后还有很多有趣的翻译呢.
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-12 08:29     标题: 公布答案啦+下一个翻译

  汉语的“山中无老虎,猴子成霸王”,英语用“In the land of the blind , the one-eyed man is king”(恭喜chm8624了 下次尽量自己翻译啦 )
  汉语表示一个人大口大口地喝水,常说“像牛饮”,英美人却说“drink like a fish。”同一客观的事物,在不同的文化里可以包含不同的价值,引起不同的联想,具有不同的内涵。比如,自然界是五颜六色的,人类的感觉是相同的,但颜色用于人类社会,在人们心目中就产生了特定的意义,引起特殊的联想,激发特别的感情,这样的颜色已不再是客观的物质色,而变成了抽象的象征色,进入了文化的染体。黑色变成了压抑的象征,白色表示无辜与纯洁,绿色带来一片生机。然而,颜色也常因特定环境与文化不同,其象征意义也不同。在英语世界黑色表示悲哀与庄重,而在中国以白色表示哀悼,有时也用黑色;绿色对英美人有时意味着嫉妒,紫色一般是权力的象征,而在中国黄色是不可侵犯的权贵颜色。
  在不同语言的互译中,要注意转换表达方法以符合译文习惯。比如汉语成语“一箭双雕”或“一举两得”,用英语说是什么呢?大家继续参与哦
作者: poetryman    时间: 2007-10-12 14:41     标题: 一举两得

kill to birds with one stone
作者: poetryman    时间: 2007-10-12 15:06     标题: 问题

【谚】山中无老虎,猴子称大王。 :
1. Among the blinds the one-eyed man is king.
这种译法有什么典故吗知道的朋友说下,谢谢
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-12 16:07     标题: 回复 7# 的帖子

也可以翻译成"When the cat's away, the mice will play."这一类谚语,所表达的含义完全相同,但所隐喻于的事物略有文化上的差异罢了
作者: poetryman    时间: 2007-10-12 17:22

幽默,通俗易懂,BUMP UP
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-15 08:55     标题: 答案来啦,下一题

汉语成语“一箭双雕”或“一举两得”,用英语说是“一石打死二鸟”:“To kill two birds with one stone”!恭喜poetryman 啦

“He has taken the bread out of my mouth”又是什么意思呢?“他从我嘴里拿走了面包”? 呵呵,大家继续参与哦
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-16 08:43

大家凭自己的实力来翻译一下,不要借助于网络用现成的嘛,毕竟是来学习的哦,这样再看答案就记得牢了,而且大家一起做更有乐趣嘛
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-17 08:41

在不同语言的互译中,要注意转换表达方法以符合译文习惯。“He has taken the bread out of my mouth”,应该译成“他砸了我的饭碗”、“他抢走了我的工作”或“他断了我谋生的路” ttaix 继续努力哦

    Having done so many jobs,let's enjoy a meal :

    中国人在向外国人介绍自己爱人(妻子) 时,常用“lover”一词,外国人听了十分惊奇,因为“lover”在英语里表示“情妇”或“情夫”即“情人”的意思。而汉语中的“爱人”,相当于英语的“husband”或“wife”。
中国人把猫头鹰当作不吉祥的象征,但英语中却说“as wise as an owl”,把猫头鹰当作智慧的象征。
中国人把“龙(dragon) ”视为吉祥的神物,有不可思议的伟大力量,因而成为至尊无上的帝王象征,甚至把它看作是光明的未来, “望子成龙”(long to see one′s son become a dragon) 。可是英美人却把“dragon”视为喷烟吐火的凶残怪物(a fierce fire breathing monster ) 。
美国人打招呼时,经常说“Hello”, “Hi”,英国人见面时喜欢谈天气,如“Lovely weather , isn’t it ?”之类的话,而中国人碰面时却经常说“你吃饭没有?”(Have you had your meal ?) 外国人听了很不理解:“你们为什么老问我吃饭没有? 我有钱!”中国人喜欢问:“Where are you going ?Where have you been ?”外国人听了很不高兴,心里说“It′s none of your business ! (你管得着吗?) ”外国人告别时通常“Goodbye ,bye-bye”或“Bye”或“See you later”,或微微一笑伴以再见的手式就可以了。而中国人却通常说:“慢走”、“好走”、“走好”、“请留步”。“你辛苦了”,这句话在中国使用范围很广,而英语没有完全对应的说法,若译为“You’ve had a hard time. ”或“You’ve gone through a lot of hardships. ”都是不贴切的,有时还会引起误解。对于一个长途旅行后刚到达中国的外国人,可以说“You must have had a tiring journey. ”或“You must be tired from a long trip ?”表示“路上辛苦了”, “一路好吗?”之类的客套话。而对刚刚完成一项艰难任务的人,可以说“Well done ,that was a hard job. ”或“You′ve got a hard job。”
再如,在汉民族文化里, “狗”总是受到鄙视、诅咒的对象,与“狗”有关的词语几乎都有贬义,诸如“狗胆包天”、“狗急跳墙”、“狗血喷头”、“狗眼看人低”、“狗仗人势”、“狗嘴里吐不出象牙”等等,但在西方文化里,狗却是“人之良友”,地位要高得多。
那么英语里“You are a lucky dog”,(dog-tired) ,“Every dog has his day”“Give a dog a bad name and hang him”又都是什么意思呢??

[ 本帖最后由 DZ 于 2007-10-17 04:54 PM 编辑 ]
作者: poetryman    时间: 2007-10-17 10:09     标题: 问题

setup wizard 啥意思呢
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-17 16:55     标题: 回复 14# 的帖子

you forgot the "dog-tired"
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-17 16:59     标题: 回复 15# 的帖子

you should put your problem in"求助答疑" now that you asked,I  give you my answer:安装向导
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-18 08:42     标题: answer and question

当某人碰到好运时,人们会对他说:“You are a lucky dog”(你真幸运) ,当某人感到累的时候,他会说自己“像狗一样累坏了”(dog-tired) ,英语谚语“Every dog has his day”是说“人人都会有得意之时”,以狗喻人,却无贬义。又如“Give a dog a bad name and hang him”,意为“愈加之罪,何患无词”,其同情之心明显在狗的一边。由此可见,在外国人眼里, “狗”是多么的可爱。所以说ttaix都答对了 继续努力!

  猴子也算是人类的近亲了。它们看到人们做什么,都能学得惟妙惟肖,可见我们和猴子之间的渊源还真是深。人类的语言中自然少不了猴子,今天我们就来翻译两句关于猴子的口语表达。
1. Get one's monkey up
2. I will be a monkey's uncle
3. Has a monkey on one's back  
4. Monkey business  
5. Not give a monkey's fart
6. Play the monkey   
又都是什么意思呢?  come on!

[ 本帖最后由 DZ 于 2007-10-18 09:44 AM 编辑 ]
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-18 15:59     标题: answer and questions

1. Get one's monkey up
"To get one's monkey up" 又作 "to put one's monkey up",意思是发怒,生气。例如:
She gets her monkey up if you tell her she is wrong.(如果你说她错了,她会火冒三丈。)
2. I will be a monkey's uncle.
"I will be a monkey's uncle." 在俚语中表示惊讶。在它的前面常可见感叹词"Well"。例如:
He really left his wife? Well, I will be a monkey's uncle.(他真的丢下他的妻子?哎呀,我怎么不知道呢。)
3. Has a monkey on one's back
"To has a monkey on one's back" 在美国俚语中指"染上毒瘾"(to have drug addiction)。例如:
Even the little boy has a monkey on his back.(甚至这个小男孩也染上了毒瘾。)
4. Monkey business
"Monkey business" 也可以称为"funny business ",指"不正大光明 / 不正当的行为"(tricks or unlawful or unfair activities)。例如:
They suspected monkey business at the polls.(他们怀疑投票处有舞弊行为。)
5. Not give a monkey's fart
"Not give a monkey's fart" 又作 "not give/care a damn",意思是"对某人某事不在乎"。例如:
I don't give a monkey's fart about what they think.(至于他们怎么考虑,我一点也不在乎。)
6. Play the monkey
"To play the monkey" 又作"to play the fool"或"to play the goat",意思是"出洋相,做傻事"。例如:Be serious! Don't play the monkey.(正经点!别出洋相。)
ttaix很厉害了噢!

语言是文化的载体,不同的语言决定了不同民族不同的思维方式和行为方式,以及语言的表达方式。翻译是要了解英汉语言的根本区别与思维的差异,必须作等值意义转换,才能创作出最忠实、最自然、最贴切的译文。
⑴ She felt that she must not yield. She must go on leading her strained, humdrum life. This was her punishment for having made a mistake. She had made her bed, and she must lie on it .
⑵ Britain′s economic policy is now being pulled by the magnet of the next election.
⑶ Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard.
what's  the meaning?go go go !
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-20 08:33

⑴ She felt that she must not yield. She must go on leading her strained, humdrum life. This was her punishment for having made a mistake. She had made her bed, and she must lie on it .
译文:她觉得不能打退堂鼓,必须继续过那贫困而单调的生活。这是她犯了错误,得到的惩罚,她要自食其果。
此处,译者以其他形象取代原来的形象,但却忠实地表达了原文的含义。

⑵ Britain′s economic policy is now being pulled by the magnet of the next election.
译文:下一次大选磁铁般的牵引着英国经济政策。
这里把原文里的隐喻(metaphor) 变成了译文中的明喻(simile) 。

⑶ Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard.
译文:据说每家多少都有自家的丑事。
在此如不译成“家丑”,而译成字面意思“衣柜里的骷髅”,那就令人费解了。
以上实例说明,在翻译的过程中,文化的差异并不是绝对的、不可逾越的,关键在对文化差异透彻的理解,这样才能实现准确地表达。 ttaix真是很厉害噢

then let's translate some vulgarisms.and if you could make a sentence with that vulgarism,so much the better
When in Rome, do as the Romans do
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-20 16:45

When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗
Explanation: conform to the manners and customs of those amongst whom you live.
Example: I know you have egg and bacon for breakfast at home, but now you are on the Continent , you will do as the Romans do and take coffee and rolls. ttaix,呵呵,本来是没有笑得,只是一看你的"严肃",我就不小心笑了,呵呵
接下来是周末了,给大家准备两个:
1.The world is but a little place.
2.What you lose on the swings you get back on the roundabouts.
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-22 08:57     标题: 回复 26# 的帖子

ok ,but maybe you forgot the sentence
作者: hbzxh99    时间: 2007-10-22 16:24

i love this game.

作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-22 16:45     标题: answer and key

then you can join us

World is but a little place.
天涯原咫尺,到处可逢君
Explanation: it is used when a person meets someone he knows or is in someway connected with him in a place where he would never have expected to do so.
Example: Who would have thought I would bump into an old schoolmate on a trek up Mount Tai. The world is but a little place after all.

What you lose on the swings you get back on the roundabouts.
失之东隅,收之桑榆
Explanation: a rough way of starting a law of average; if you have bad luck on one day you have good on another; if one venture results in loss try a fresh one---it may succeed.
Example: he may always possess merits which make up for everything; if he loses on the swings, he may win on the roundabouts.

ttaix,so clever haven't consulted the dictionary?

ok,next:A contented mind is a perpetual feast?Don't forgot the sentence
作者: ling-fly    时间: 2007-10-22 21:50

不会是“虎口拔牙”吧?
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-23 08:30     标题: answer and question

A contented mind is a perpetual feast  知足者常乐

Example: you complain so much, but you have a good family, parents, health, and money.
A contented mind is a perpetual feast.

so,ttaix,congratulations!and your sentence is pretty good
ling-fly,persevere in your efforts

next,Entertain an angel unawares,yeah,do you know and can you guess?come on


作者: ling-fly    时间: 2007-10-23 20:50

相对我的水平来说太难了,所以我就看看而已。
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-24 10:04

Entertain an angel unawares. 有眼不识泰山
Explanation: to receive a great personage as a guest without knowing his merits.
Example: In the course of evening someone informed her that she was entertaining an angel unawares, in the shape of a composer of the greatest promise.(maybe who can tell me how to translate this sentence?)

ttaix,why have a try this time?or just took a joke?
and ling-fly,don't give up,go on learning we're all with you

today's question:After meat, mustard; after death, doctor?
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-24 16:05

if you can help me  translate this sentence,then I'll
Example: In the course of evening someone informed her that she was entertaining an angel unawares, in the shape of a composer of the greatest promise.
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-25 08:44

ttaix给你加金币了哦.到底怎么翻译呢?who can help me?

ok,answer:After meat, mustard; after death, doctor .   雨后送伞
  Explanation: this describes a situation where assistance or comfort is given when it is too late.
  Example: just as I had cancelled my application to go abroad, I had a promise of money for my fare. It was a case of after death, the doctor.

then,today's challenge:After praising the wine they sell us vinegar. easier
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-25 15:37     标题: 回复 40# 的帖子

竟然说我小气唉,不少了,知足啦.而且ttaix一点都不支持本论坛的工作嘛,如果不是,那接下来由你主持啦,ok
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-25 16:42

呵呵,then you should do it by yourself, and from your answer i knew your english is good

A bad workman quarrels with his tools?

maybe we should  recite these sentence,only in this way can we make full use of our time and energy

[ 本帖最后由 DZ 于 2007-10-25 04:45 PM 编辑 ]
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-27 09:00

come on,boys and girls
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-27 09:40

... let me see
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-29 08:35     标题: 回复 47# 的帖子

how can you say that I think nothing of it?and what did I complain?I always think how can I make it better,and why people always be here but keep silence???
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-29 16:02


my god...you just follow me,I thought that "you" is me
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-29 16:07

ok,now-人生没有朋友就像人生没有太阳一样,can you translate it?
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-30 09:09     标题: what

A life without a friend is a life without a sun.人生没有朋友,犹如人生没有太阳

ttaix,I think the 2nd one is pretty good as for the 1st one,i'm afraid...

next,科学对于人类的思想就像水对于我们的身体一样,I demand the word "what"  in the sentence ,ok,go on!
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-10-31 08:46     标题: 回复 54# 的帖子

sorry,ttaix
作者: DZ    时间: 2007-11-3 15:30     标题: explanation

Science to the human mind is what water is to the body
科学对于人类的思想就像水对于我们的身体一样

what = just as,意为“恰像,犹如,好比”用作连词,引导比较状语从句。(见新编高二英语上册p.21)  
⑴ 惯用句式是:A is to B what C is to D. 意为“A对B而言正如C对D一样”例如:  
Air is to us What water is to fish.  空气对于我们犹如水对于鱼。(介词to 表示两者的关系)   

⑵ 也有“A is for B what C is for D.”句式。例如:  
Poultry is for the cook what canvas is for the paint. 厨师离不了家禽正如画家离不开画布一样。(介词for表示“供…使用”)

⑶ what 引导的从句也可以放在句首,其句式是: What C is to D, that A is to B.(= A is to B what C is to D.)   
在这一结构中,喻体在前,主体在后,相当于“just as...,so...”结构,意思也是“A对B而言正如C对D一样”例如:  
What blood vessel is to a man’s body, that railway is to transportation.(=Just as blood vessel is to a man’s body ,so Railway  is to transportation.)  
铁路对于运输,好比血管对于人体一样。


呵呵,这下大家明白what的特殊用法了吧

作者: DZ    时间: 2007-11-5 16:47     标题: over

ok,感谢大家的参与,我们也将对这期间积极参与的会员予以金币奖励 thanks

[ 本帖最后由 DZ 于 2007-11-5 05:01 PM 编辑 ]
作者: complex1210    时间: 2010-11-29 10:01

回复 10# DZ


    是不是“虎口夺食”的意思?




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