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本帖最后由 blueskywhy 于 2011-10-16 10:07 编辑
Drinking alcohol can increase your risk of cancer because ethanol is itself a carcinogen on certain parts of the body, scientists have found.
科学家发现，喝酒会增加罹患癌症的风险，因为对某些身体部位来说，乙醇本身就是一种致癌物质。
Researchers said they found that when ethanol is broken down by the body, it can cause DNA damage that may lead to dangerous changes to the cells.
研究人员称，他们已经发现，被身体分解后的乙醇会破坏DNA，导致细胞发生危险变异。
The US team from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism in Maryland, used human cells engineered to produce an enzyme that is found in liver and breast tissue.
来自美国马里兰州国家酗酒和酒精中毒研究所的一组研究人员利用人类细胞工程培育出了一种酶，该物质存在于肝脏和乳腺组织中。
They exposed the cells to a concentration of alcohol similar to blood alcohol levels attained after having a few drinks on a night out.
研究人员在晚上外出小酌几杯的人体内提取了血液中的酒精含量水平，并将这些细胞暴露于浓度与之相似的酒精中。
The results confirmed that the alcohol (ethanol) was being converted to acetaldehyde, causing DNA damage and switching on the cell's DNA repair genes.
结果表明，酒精（乙醇）转换成乙醛后破坏DNA，激活细胞内DNA的修复基因。
Study author Philip J Brooks, said:"Although the link between drinking alcohol and certain types of cancers was first established in the 1980s the existence of such a relationship did not prove that alcohol itself caused the cancers.
研究人员菲利浦•J•布鲁克斯说：“虽然在上世纪80年代，人们就已经确定了饮酒和某些癌症之间存在关联性，但是这种联系并不能证明酒精本身可以导致癌症。”
"In most people, acetaldehyde is quickly converted to acetate, a relatively harmless substance, by an enzyme called ALDH2."
“大部分人的身体都会通过一种叫做ALDH2的酶迅速将乙醇转化成一种相对无害的物质——醋酸盐。”
"However, approximately 30 percent of East Asians are unable to metabolize alcohol to acetate due to a genetic variant in the ALDH2 gene, and have a greatly elevated risk of oesophageal cancer from alcohol drinking," he added.
“但是，有大约30%的东亚人因为ALDH2的基因变异，无法将乙醇通过代谢变成醋酸盐，这使因饮酒而罹患食道癌的风险大大增加了,” 他补充说。
The study was published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research.
该研究发表在《酒精中毒:临床及实验研究》期刊上。 |
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