社会生活类阅读理解题备考方略 阅读, 答题

小尾巴猪

【题型说明】社会生活类阅读文章在高考中的出现频率较高。它涉及人们衣、食、住、行等方面的社会万象、生活经历、饮食、饮食与健康、休闲与娱乐、旅游、生态旅游、服装、住房等等内容。这类文章同学们读起来感觉轻松，试题做起来也比较得心应手。在高考阅读理解题中，这类文章属搭配类材料，所以，它的命题多数属于中低等难度的送分题，如事实细节题、计算题、识图题等。遇到这类文章时，我们一定要抓住得分机遇，尽量不要失分。

【答题方法】读这类文章要特别注意做好事实细节题。对于细节试题，同学们要先从题干中找到关键性词语，然后采用略读或跳读，快速在文章中寻找相关细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，细心比较所给选项与文中细节的区别，在准确理解了细节的前提下，最终确定最佳答案。具体解题步骤如下：

1. 读题干：阅读题干，发现关键词和起主导作用的内容。一般情况下，问题出现的前后顺序与文章中细节和事实出现的先后顺序是一致的。

2. 找细节：阅读文章内容，寻找与题干相符合的具体细节。要注意的是，对作者使用的同义词或与之相关的词语和句子千万不能忽略。

3. 巧答题：根据前两步所得到的信息回答问题。阅读问题所给的四个选项，检查文中的细节与哪一项相符。当题干中有诸如“NOT”或“except”时，同学们一定要特别小心，力求在文章中找到相关的有力证据。

【实例分析】阅读下面的文章，然后做后面的阅读理解题：

Most British telephone cards are just plain green, but card collecting is becoming a popular hobby in Britain and collectors even have their own magazine, International Telephone Cards. One reason for their interest is that cards from around the world come in a wide variety of different and often very attractive designs. There are 100,000 different cards in Japan alone, and there you can put your own design onto a blank card simply by using a photograph or a business card.

The first telephone cards, produced in 1976, were Italian. Five years later the first British card appeared, and now you can buy cards in more than a hundred countries. People usually start collecting cards because they are attractive, small and light, and they do not need much space. It is also a cheap hobby for beginners, although for some people it becomes a serious business. In Paris, for example, there is a market where you can buy only telephone cards, and some French cards cost up to 4,000 pounds. The first Japanese cards has a value of about 28,000 pounds. Most people only see cards with prices like these in their collectors magazines.

1. The text is mainly about _______.

A. the history of phone cards

B. phone card collecting as a hobby

C. reason for phone card collecting

D. the great variety of phone cards

2. When did people in Britain begin to use phone cards?

A. In 1971    B. In 1975               C. In 1976    D. In 1981

3. The main reason for most people to collect phone cards is that ________.

A. they find the cards beautiful and easy to keep

B. they like to have something from different countries

C. they want to make money with cards

D. they think the cards are convenient to use

4.The writer mentions a market in Paris in order to show that _______.

A. card collecting is popular among young people

B. French and Japanese cards are the most valuable

C. People can make money out of card collecting

D. Card collecting magazines are very useful

【答案与解析】本文主要讲了人们对收藏电话卡的爱好。

1. B。主旨大意题。通过阅读全文可知，the history of phone cards(电话卡的历史)，reason for phone card collecting(收藏电话卡的原因)，the great variety of phone cards(电话卡种类多)，这三项都是围绕收藏电话卡展开的，即选答案B。

2. D。事实细节题。从 The first telephone cards, produced in 1976, were Italian. Five years later the first British card appeared(第一张电话卡在1976年，5年后英国也有了)可知答案为D。

3. A。事实细节题。从 People usually start collecting cards because they are attractive, small and light, and they do not need much space(人们喜欢收藏是因为这些卡设计好看，小巧轻便，不占地方)可知答案为A。

4. C。推理判断题。从In Paris, for example, there is a market where you can buy only telephone cards, and some French cards cost up to 4,000 pounds(巴黎这家市场只买电话卡，有些高达四千英镑，最早的日本卡每张售价2万8千英镑)很明显可以看出作者提到它的目的，即选答案C。