成功速读：一个起点 起点

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Speed Reading Successfully: A Starting Point

There are more books and other written works today than there have ever been before. Tomorrow will be a record-setting day, just as will be each day afterward. It’s impossible to read everything ever written, but the number of words we’re expected to take in(吸收,理解) keep going up just the same. That means that speed reading is a pretty good tool to have in your personal arsenal(n.军火库,武器仓库).

Speed reading isn’t just a matter of cranking up（加快） the speed at which your eyes cross a page, though: there are multiple methods for increasing your reading speed. It’s also worth considering that different approaches to reading have both benefits and drawbacks（n.缺点）. In general, the methods that allow a person to read faster don’t always provide for the same level of comprehension that slower reading allows.

Barriers to Speed Reading
No matter what approach a particular speed reading system takes, most start with eliminating bad reading practices and then accelerating reading speed through a series of exercises. Bad reading habits can include:
Sounding word out loud as one reads — or subvocalizing(v.默读)
Re-scanning over passages already read
Moving one’s eyes across the page as one reads
Using one reading speed for all reading material

Subvocalization is often considered the biggest barrier to speed reading. Because of the way that reading is taught in most schools — students learn to sound out letters rather than recognize whole words — most readers automatically sound out words, especially those that aren’t in their normal reading vocabulary. Subvocalization, no matter its value for initially learning to read, slows down most readers. That’s because saying a word, whether aloud or subvocally, takes more time than recognizing a word.

Speed Reading on the Computer
In many cases, the speed at which you read the page of a book will be identical to that at which you read words on a computer screen. However, some readers report being unable to increase their on-screen reading speed beyond 1,000 words — no matter how fast they read pages.

Some readers also find that larger computer monitors impede(v.阻碍) their speed reading; most speed reading systems recommend that readers rely on peripheral vision（间接视力）to read, rather than running their eyes across a page. With large computer monitors, taking in text at the edges of the screen can prove difficult. A simple fix is reducing the size of the window in which you are reading.

现在，书籍和其他书面作品比过去以往要多的多。明天又将是创纪录的一天，就像以后的每天一样。想要读完所有的作品是不可能的，但我们想要了解的作品数量却在同时增长。这意味着速读会是你个人储备中一个很好的工具。
快速阅读并非等同于简单的加快你眼睛扫视页面的速度，尽管会有很多种方法让你这样做。同时我们也应该看到，不同的阅读方式都有各自的优缺点。通常，使人们快速阅读的方法并不能提供与慢速度读者相同的理解水平。

快速阅读的障碍
无论一个具体的速读体系采取哪种方式，大部分体系都是先从改掉不良阅读习惯进而通过一系列练习以加快阅读速度开始的。不良阅读习惯包括：
逐字逐句朗读出声——或者默读；
回视已读段落；  
以朗读的速度移动目光；
以同样的速度阅读所有材料；

默读被视为速读的最大障碍。正因为几乎所有的学校都要求朗读——学生学着发出每个字母而不是辨识整个单词——大多数朗读者自然地读出单词，特别是那些他们不常读到的单词。默读，无论它在开始学习阅读时多有价值，都降低了大多数读者的阅读速度。这是因为说出一个单词，无论是出声还是默念，都比辨认这个单词多花一点时间。

电脑速读
在很多情况下，您阅读一本书的速度，与您在电脑上进行阅读是相同的，但是一些读者反映他们无法在每分钟1000字的基础上再提高屏幕阅读速度——无论他们如何快地阅读页面。
一些读者也发现稍大的电脑显示器会妨碍他们进行速读，大多数速读体系建议读者依靠眼睛余光来阅读而不是在页面上不断移动目光。对于大尺寸电脑屏幕，要看到屏幕边缘的文字是困难的。简单的解决方法就是减小你正在阅读的可视窗的大小。

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