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发表于 2008-4-1 16:01
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四六级听力段落题的十大主题及关键考法思路
四六级段落题中常见的重要信息提示语  
 
 
听者在听音过程中要积极思维、快速反应,特别要注意表示句与句之间关系的信息提示语,并借此发现句与句之间的逻辑关系,确定重要信息。听者要想从结构上把握篇章,就要顺着指示语预期何时可能开始谈论一个话题、何时出现讲述的重点以及何时可能转换话题,请注意以下的信息提示语。  
 
 
1. 数字信息及相关事实  
 
【普通数字、小数、分数、百分比、价格、比率、年代、时刻】  
 
□ The earth’s crust is divided into seven sections.  
 
□ There are only 24 well qualified male students at the Deep Spring College.  
 
□ A job interview usually lasts from 30 to 45 minutes.  
 
□ Middle English extended from about 1100 to about 1475.  
 
□ “I taught my minority students English and Drama classes in high school for 20 years.  
 
□ Dry ice was first manufactured in 1925.  
 
□ Tuition will be on an average of 9 percent higher this year than last.  
 
 
2. 因果关系提示语(原因为考查点)  
 
【因为,由于, 归因于(原因在后)】  
 
□as…, since…, because…, now that…, considering…, given…, for reason that…,the reason why…is…, because of…, owing to…, on account of…, as a result of…, for the sake of…, due to…, result from…,thanks to…,attribute…to…  
 
【导致,引起, 成为…原因(原因在前)】  
 
□…cause…, …lead to…, …bring about…, …contribute to…, …result in…, …account for…, trigger off…, …responsible for…, …to blame for…  
 
【因此,所以(原因在前)】  
 
□…and so…, …Therefore…, …Thus…, …Hence…, …As a result…, …That’s why…, …For this reason…, …Accordingly…, …As a consequence…, …Consequently…, so… that…, too…to…  
 
 
3. 观点提出及列举  
 
【观点论题的提出】  
 
□ Today, I"m going to discuss/ introduce/ talk about/ explain……  
 
□ My speech will focus upon/center around/concentrate on……  
 
□ The subject/topic/propose for today’s lecture/discussion is……  
 
□ Today, people are increasingly concerned about/aware of the gravity of……  
 
□ When it comes to……  
 
 
【话题的另外一个方面或反面】  
 
□ Another point I want to mention is ……  
 
□ In addition ..., Besides ..., Apart from ..., Aside from ..., Moreover ..., Furthermore ...,What"s more…  
 
□ On the contrary ..., However ..., But on the other hand..., Conversely ..., By contrast …, ...whereas ... A totally different picture lies in ...  
 
 
【列举话题的各个方面】  
 
□ First/Firstly... …Second/Secondly... …Third/Thirdly… ... Lastly……  
 
□ To begin with.….. Next…… Furthermore…... Finally…...  
 
□ In the first place.….. In the second place…... Moreover…... By the way…...  
 
□ Above all…... In addition…... Then.….. Afterward…... Last but not least…...  
 
□ On the one hand… ... On the other hand…...  
 
□ For one thing…... For another…...  
 
 
【话题结束的总结语】  
 
□In short/brief.……Briefly…...Summing up/To sum up…...Summarizing/To summarize…...To conclude…...In conclusion……As a result…...In general…...Generally speaking…...All in all…...By and large……On the whole…...On this basis…...Given all these aspects…...Everything considered…...Finally, it can be concluded/inferred/deduced that……  
 
 
4.论说文主题关键词  
 
【名词】  
 
□The point / idea / view / opinion / truth / fact / cause / reason / problem / question / answer / solution / explanation / threat / challenge / dilemma / difficulty / method / gist / propose / object / goal / motive / attitude / reaction / plan / first step / only way / controversy / conflict / dispute / argument / proof / evidence / advice / suggestion / proposal / request / requirement / standard / limitation / decision / intention / effect / result / consequence / duty / responsibility / task / danger / trouble / crisis / barrier / hope / possibility / exception / surprise is ……  
 
【动词】  
 
□point out / advance / suggest / advice / emphasize / comment / explain / require / conclude / insist / maintain / hold it true that / believe / stick to / criticize / refute / prove / try to / attempt to / intend to / plan to / dream of / decide to / resolve to / determine to / object to / support / advocate / approve / agree / disapprove / disagree / prefer / claim / declare / deny / admit / endanger / mean  
 
【形容词(所有形容词的最高级形式)】  
 
□important / essential / critical / vital / dangerous / indispensable / necessary / urgent / best / biggest / serious / severe / grave / possible / impossible / likely / unlikely / surprised / unexpected / unusual / disappointed / desperate / special / unique / different / distinctive / direct / difficult / rare  
 
【其它特殊表达方式】  
 
□the only / the first / the last / except / with the exception of / especially / but / however / nevertheless / otherwise / unless / only if / so long as / on condition that / actually / as a matter of fact  
 
 
段落理解题的题目设置规律  
 
 
○段首句开门见山引出主题或故事发生环境,往往设置为考点  
 
○因果关系中的原因是必考内容,不管直接或间接提到的原因都会用why来提问  
 
○形容词副词最高级形式一旦出现,则此句即成为考点,如:the most important reason is……; their biggest trouble was……; he worked most efficiently when ……  
 
○故事题中的一个关键动词,人物所说的一句意味深长的话需要找到同义解释  
 
○说明文中的数字年代和概念往往需要在选项中重新定位  
 
○人物题中的重要年代及相关历史事件需要重新搭配定位,不做记录容易混淆  
 
○议论文中有时自问自答,问题将成为考题,回答内容即正确选项  
 
○议论文中只要出现I think……, I believe it’s true that……, In my opinion……等表达,就会重新问及speaker的观点态度; 没有这些表达则段首句是其观点 |   
 
 
 
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