专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(17)a 词汇, 解答, 专业, 语法

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Test Seventeen
表示建议、命令等意义的虚拟语气
这种虚拟式用在suggest, demand, insist, move, order, propose, recommend, require, request等动词之后的that分句中。例如：
In many countries, the law requires that everyone carry an identification card at all times.
The dean recommended that she be assigned to do the most complicated job.
She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.
近义词辨析
anger, rage, fury, indignation, resentment, wrath
这组词均含有“愤怒，气恼”的意思。
anger
为这组中最普通用词。
rage
是一种无法克制失去自制能力的一种怒火的发作。
fury
语气更强，指使人失去常态和理智的愤怒，甚至会作出伤害人的举动。
indignation
较正式，表示撇开个人利益的、含蔑视心理的愤怒，引起这种愤怒的原因常常是不道德的野蛮行为。
resentment
指由于受侮辱或自尊受伤害而产生的愤怒，是正式用语。
wrath
一般用于诗歌、修辞或戏谑中。
She reproached her husband in great anger.她十分气愤地责骂丈夫。
He broke the flower pot in his rage.他一怒之下摔碎了花盆。
She flew into a fury when nobody would lend her any money.没人肯借她钱，她便勃然大怒。
The news roused great public indignation.这条消息激怒了公众。
I was full of hatred and resentment for the severe criticism.我对所受的严厉批评感到愤恨和不满。
The Grapes of Wrath was written by John Steinbeck.《愤怒的葡萄》一书是约翰•斯坦贝克写的。

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全真模拟试题

1. ____ the flood, the ship had reached its destination on time.

A. In case ofB. In spite of

C. Because ofD. But for

2. Xenon has a number of applications, ____ may be mentioned its use in flash lamps for high speed photography.

A. among whichB. whichC. and whichD. each of which

3. Take an umbrella with you in case of ____.

A. it rainsB. the rainC. rainD. raining

4. The University of Georgia,____ in 1785, was the first statesupported University in the United States.

A. charteredB. was chartered 

C. it was charteredD. to be chartered

5. ____ that is found is valuable.

A. Not every pearl B. Every pearl that is not 

C. It is not every pearl D.When not every pearl

6. A historical novel may do more than mirror history; ____future events.

A. even influencingB. it may even influence

C. may even influence D.that it may even influence

7. ____, glasses can correct most sight defects in healthy eyes.

A. When well fitted B. Well fitted when

C. Well fitted ifD. If well fitted when

8. I’ll certainly work all next week except when it ____.

A. will be rainingB. would rain

C. will rainD. is raining

9. I suppose you are not going today, ____?

A. are youB. do youC. aren’t youD. don’t you

10. The size of the audience,____ we had expected, was well over one thousand.

A. whomB. whoC. asD. that

11. Even before he got to the chemist’s he had lost the ____for the medicine, and had to go back to the doctor to get another one.

A. receiptB. remedyC. recipeD. prescription

12. Before I noticed a differece, I had thoughtthe machines were ______.

A. equivalentB. artificialC. identicalD. occasional

13. Robert is reliable, you can ____.

A. count onB. count forC. count upD. count out

14. For weeks after, I would see a girl on the street who ____my daughter and hope in my heart that it was Jane.

A. identifiedB. imitatedC. resembledD. liberated

15. Modern technology and science have produced a ____of new materials and new ways ofusing old materials.

A. wealthB. willC. rewardD. realm

16. There is evidence that such differences do ____intelligence as measured by tests.

A. infectB. effectC. affectD. direct

17. In some small villages in England, tourists can become ____because they do not know that street names are posted on the side of buildings, rather than on signs as they are in the U.S.

A. explicitB. rationalC. perplexedD. positive

18. Your nationality is not ____ when choosing a career, but your ability to speak the language is.

A. relatedB. responsibleC. relevantD. reciprocal

19. His interesting lecture ____ my interest in history.

A. revealedB. revolvedC. retortedD. revived

20. I was shocked at observing the alteration of her ____.

A. appearancesB. aspectsC. outlinesD. looks

21. A carpenter can work best when he uses the ____tools.

A. fitB. suitableC. properD. appropriate

22. We ____him out of going on such a dangerous journey.

A. arguedB. discussedC. debatedD. disputed

23. All ads are intended to be ____, but they can stir up interest and curiosity in varying ways, through humour, information and so on.

A. provocativeB. cooperative 

C. effectiveD. comparative

24. No one’s face is perfectly ____ . For example, one eye is often slightly higher than the other.

A. similarB. subtleC. balancedD. symmetrical

25. My brother’s habit of giving advice without being asked makes him seem ____.

A. presumptuousB. premature

C. presumptive D. predominant

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试题答案与解析

1． B)【句意】尽管发了洪水，船还是准时到达了目的地。

【难点】in case of 意为“万一”，because of 意为“由于”，but for意为“要不是”，引导一虚拟条件句，因而此处缺少一个让步状语，因此B)正确。

2.A)【句意】氙气有多种用途，其中值得一提的是它在高速摄影闪光灯中的应用。

【难点】此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句，因此，which前不能加连词and ;另外从句句子结构完整，不缺主语和宾语，因此C)和D)不是正确选项。

3． C)【句意】你带把伞，以防下雨。

【难点】in case of 后要加名词，意为“万一”。

4． A)【句意】乔治亚大学1785年得到办学执照，是美国第一家州立大学。

【难点】在该句中动词应该使用被动式作为主语的修饰成分，即只需直接用过去分词形式。

5． A)【句意】发现的每一颗珍珠不一定都有价值。

【难点】句中的that所引导的句子是作定语从句的，因而填入的应为主语。

6． B)【句意】历史小说不仅仅反映历史，它甚至会影响未来的事件。

【难点】句中出现了分号，由分号连接的部分必是句子，因而填入的答案要使后增部分最终成为完整的句子。

7． A)【句意】如果眼镜配得好，它将能够矫正健康眼睛的多数视觉缺陷。

【难点】原句中已出现完整句子，那么前面填入的只能是从句。When well fitted是 when they are well fitted 的省略形式。

8． D)【句意】除非天下雨的时候，下星期的全部时间我都将工作。

【难点】主句用一般将来时，从句是假设的情况，用一般现在时或现在进行时。

9． A)【句意】我想你今天不走，是吗？

【难点】当陈述部分的主句是I suppose, I think, I believe, I suspect等结构时，附加疑问句部分往往与that分句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。

10． C)【句意】象我们所期望的那样，观众的人数远超过一千。

【难点】填入的词是用来指代size，因而，不能用whom 和who。that的通常用法是紧跟在指代的词后面，不能有标点符号。因此选项C)正确。

11． D)【句意】还没等他到药店，他就把药处方弄丢了，所以不得不回到医生那里又开了一份。

【难点】prescription意为“处方，药方”；receipt 意为“发票,收据”；remedy 意为“治疗，补救”；recipe意为“食谱,烹调法”。

12． C)【句意】在我发现一处差异之前，我还以为这些机器都是一样的。

【难点】identical意为“相同的，一模一样的”，后接with; equivalent意为“相等的，相同的”，后接to；artificial 意为“人工的，人造的；人为的”；occasional意为“偶然的”。

13． A)【句意】罗伯特很可靠，你可以依赖他。

【难点】count on意为“依靠；指望；料想”；count up意为“算出…的总数；共计”；count for 意为“值，计”；count out 意为“不把…算入”。

14． C)【句意】在之后的几星期，我在街上总看见一个很像我女儿的小女孩，我心中真的希望她就是简。

【难点】resemble 意为“相似，像”；identify意为“把…看（与…）同一个东西；视为相同”；imitate意为“模仿，仿效”；liberate意为“使获自由，解放”。

15． A)【句意】现代科学技术为我们提供了大量新材料和使用材料的新方法。

【难点】a wealth of 意为“大量的，丰富的”，等于a lot of； will意为“意志，意志力”；reward意为“报酬，奖赏，酬谢”；realm意为“领域，范围”。

16． C)【句意】有证据表明，这种由考试测出的差异的确影响智力。

【难点】affect意为“对…影响，发生作用”；infect 意为“感染，传染”；effect意为“产生，导致”；direct意为“指挥，指导，监督”。

17． C)【句意】在英国的一些小村里，游客会感到十分困惑，因为他们不知道街道的名称是贴在楼房的两侧的墙上，而不像美国是贴在路标上的。

【难点】perplexed意为“困惑的，为难的，复杂的”；explicit意为“清楚明确的”；rational意为“理智的，有理性的”；positive意为“确定的，无疑问的”。

18． C)【句意】选择职业并不关乎你的国藉，却关乎你的语言能力。

【难点】relevant 意为“有关主题的，切题的，有关系的”；related 意为“有关连的，亲戚的，同种的”；responsible意为“负责任的”；reciprocal意为“相互的，互惠的”。

19． D)【句意】他授课的趣味性又唤起了我对历史的兴趣。

【难点】revive意为“恢复，复用”；reveal意为“显露，透露”；revolve意为“旋转，反复思考”；retort意为“反驳”。

20． D)【句意】看到她表情的变化，我感到震惊。

【难点】look意为“表情，脸色”；appearance意为“外表；外观；外貌”；aspect意为“方面”；outline意为“外形，轮廓”。

21． C)【句意】当木匠用最顺手的工具时工作效率才最高。

【难点】proper意为“合适的，恰当的”； fit意为“合适的，恰当的”，但不修饰名词，后接介词for;suitable 意为“合适的；适宜的”，尤指场合，后接介词for 或to；appropriate意为“适合的，恰当的”，比较正式，后也接to 或for，和proper相似，但修饰tool时，多用proper.

22. A)【句意】我们劝说他不要去进行这样危险的旅程。

【难点】argue意为“辩论，议论”，argue sb out of (into)doing sth.意为“说服某人不要做（要做）某事”；discuss意为“讨论”；debate意为“辩论”，为说明自己正确；dispute意为“就…发生争论，纠纷”。

23． A)【句意】所有广告的目的都是要激起观众的兴趣，但是他们所用方式是不同的，通过幽默、信息等等。

【难点】provocative意为“引起讨论（深思，好奇心）的”；cooperative 意为“合作的”；effective 意为“有效的”；comparative意为“比较的”，后三词不适合本句题意。

24． D)【句意】没有一个人的脸是绝对对称的,比如，一只眼睛常常比另一只稍高。

【难点】symmetrical意为“对称的”；similar意为“相像的，相仿的”，后接介词to;subtle意为“微妙的,隐约的”；balanced意为“平稳的，平衡的”。

25． A)【句意】我弟弟有个习惯:在别人并未征求他意见的情况下，给别人出主意，这使他显得很专横。

【难点】presumptuous意为“专横的，自行其是的,放肆的”；premature意为“比预期早的，提早的”；presumptive意为“可据以推定的”；predominant意为“占优势的，主要的，最显著的”。