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专业四级:词汇、语法详细解答40套(23)a

Test TwentyThree
近义词辨析
intelligent, clever, bright, wise, smart
这组词均含“聪明”之意。
intelligent
强调有学识、理解力或推理能力并能运用智力。
clever
为普通用词,表示敏于学习和理解,思想、手段灵敏,但是缺乏深度和广度。
bright
常用来形容年轻人或小孩,多用于口语。
wise
是正式用语,用于人,表示智力发达,明辨是非,有健全的判断力,知识渊博,经验丰富。smart
常用于通俗口语,表示“机灵,精明,潇洒”之意。
When the water pipe burst, she was intelligent enough to turn off the water at the main.水管爆裂时,她的聪明才智使得她能够立刻切断主管道水源。
It’s really clever of you to find your way back here.你能找到回来的路,真聪明。
The girl is bright beyond her years.这个女孩年龄不大却很聪明。
It’s easy to be wise after the event.事后聪明容易。
The students look smart in their new school uniforms.这些学生穿着新校服很帅气。
capable, able, competent
这组词均含有“有能力”的意思。
capable
强调有适合做某事的才能,如适应能力、应变能力,尤指处理实际工作的能力,常用于be capable of这一词组中。
able
指具有明显地超出平均水平的能力,常用于be able to do结构中。
competent
意为“胜任的,称职的”,指具有满足专门行业要求的能力。如:
He is capable of leadership.他有领导才能。
Tom is the ablest man I’ve ever met in England.汤姆是我在英国遇见的最有能力的人。
She was very competent at her work.她很胜任自己的工作。

专业四级:词汇、语法详细解答40套(23)c

试题答案与解析

1. A)【句意】你的考试成绩相当令人满意,但是,如果你少费点时间踢足球的话,成绩不更好吗?

【难点】虚拟语气中,如果表示与过去事实相反的假设,则虚拟从句中谓语

应采用过去完成时,而虚拟主句中的谓语动词应使用would have done(been)形式。

2. D)【句意】我已经不想说服他了,跟他争论毫无意义。

【难点】There is no point in doing sth意为“做某事毫无意义”。

3. A)【句意】批评和自我批评是必要的,因为它有利于我们改正错误。

【难点】in that 往往用于引导原因状语从句,放在句中而不在句首,意为“因为,原因在于”。

4. B)【句意】令我吃惊的是,大多数学生赞成他的建议。

【难点】majority为集合名词,意为“大多数”,相当于most,如果所修饰的是可数名词的复数形式,其后谓语也应该采用动词的复数形式。

5. B)【句意】事实上,受到父母严格、一贯而且合理的教导的那些孩子,往往自信心很强。

【难点】be inclined意为“常常,往往”,后接动词不定式,表示某种倾向。

6. C)【句意】在朋友的帮助下,他终于在大楼锁门之前做完了这个实验。

【难点】manage to do 意为“(经过努力)做成某事”;manage后跟的宾语只能使用to+动词原形的形式。

7. A)【句意】为什么邀请她参加聚会的建议前天遭到拒绝?

【难点】某些表示建议,提议,意愿,要求和命令等意义的名词,后跟的表语从句和同位语从句的谓语动词一般采用(should)+动词原形的虚拟形式。参见Test 19的“疑难攻破”。

8. A)【句意】办公室的工作人员集合起来听经理讲话。

【难点】Staff为集合名词,意为“全部工作人员”,通常被看作复数名词,所以它作主语时,谓语动词应该用相应的复数形式。

9. B)【句意】他刚打开门,一阵风就把蜡烛吹灭了。

【难点】英语中经常用hardly /scarcely …when或no sooner …than 作为固定搭配,表示“一…就”。含有此结构的句子,表示从句中的动作一发生,主句中的动作随即发生,并且如果hardly /scarcely 或no sooner置于句首,则从句的主语和谓语必须倒装,在以上结构中,主句一般用过去完成时,从句一般用过去时,所以符合以上条件的只有选项B)。

10. C)【句意】工人们正在为即将到来的除夕晚会练习演唱一首新歌。

【难点】practise 为及物动词,后跟名词或动名词形式,类似的动词还有:finish (完成),consider (考虑),avoid (避免),mind (在意),suggest(建议,提议)等。

11. A)【句意】他措辞谨慎、清晰,但似乎没说明什么。

【难点】distinct 意为“明显的,清楚的;清晰的”:distinctive意为“有特色的”;distinguishable意为“可辨别的”;distinguished意为“卓越的,杰出的”。

12. C)【句意】翻译对老人喋喋不休的描述只做了简要翻译。

【难点】condensed 意为“缩短的,缩写的”;minimum意为“最低的;最小的”;tiny意为“极小的,微小的”;compressed意为“压缩的;压紧的”,不能指语言。

13. B)【句意】我跟他面熟,但从未跟他说过话。

【难点】know sb by sight 是习语搭配,意为“与某人只是面熟”;in sight 意为“被看见”;from sight 和for sight不是习惯搭配。

14. C)【句意】政府已作出不懈努力,力求把支出降低到预期水平。

【难点】cut down意为“减少,缩减”;cut off意为“中断,打断”;cut back 意为“缩减(生产),削减(支出)”,常与on搭配使用;cut short意为“使停止,中断,打断”。

15. C)【句意】他们在挖掘,企图找到维京时期的遗物。

【难点】trace意为“痕迹;踪迹”;track意为“(人,物,事等)踪迹;(轮船,飞机)航迹;车辙”;trait意为“特点,特征,特性”;tract意为“大片土地,地带”。

16. B)【句意】魔术师手一挥,小兔消失了。

【难点】vanish 意为“突然不见;消失”;linger 意为“继续存留;缓慢消失”;hover意为“徘徊,逗留在近旁”;soar意为“翱翔,升高,升腾”。

17. B)【句意】她有一个磨咖啡的小机器。

【难点】grind 意为“碾碎,磨碎”;break 意为“破碎,断裂”;split 意为“劈开,撕开”;crash 意为“坠毁”。

18. C)【句意】养外国造的车的麻烦是,零件太贵。

【难点】spare 意为“备用的,预备的”,spare parts 是“零件”;extra 意为“额外的,追加的”;separate 意为“分开的,分离的;各个的”;reserve 意为“储备”,不作形容词。

19. D)【句意】他每次给父母写信,都会附上一张支票。

【难点】enclose意为“把…附在信中”;include意为“包括,包含;contain意为“包括”,与include 相似,但include指包含内容一部分,而contain则包含整个内容。

20. A)【句意】从太阳获得的能量在夜晚被利用,这使得必要的化学反应在他体内继续进行。

【难点】proceed意为“(尤其在停顿或打断后)继续进行;继续前进”;practise意为“从事(职业)”,如行医,作律师;progress意为“前进,行进,进行”;precede意为“(顺序,位置或时间上)处在…之前,先于”。

21. C)【句意】当空军少尉彼得•博鲁离家出差时,他的邻居帮他的妻子做家务。

【难点】give sb a hand 意为“帮把手,助一臂之力”;give aid to sb 意为“向某人提供帮助”,help 和aid 相似,只不过后者一般为书面语;lift意为“(给步行者)搭便车,免费搭车”。

22. C)【句意】目前,由于天气寒冷,大连蔬菜短缺。

【难点】shortage 意为“缺少,不足”,常构成短语 a shortage of ;need 意为“需求,要求”;want 意为“贫困不足”;desire 意为“欲望,愿望”。

23. D)【句意】当我听到身后有脚步声时,我害怕自己受到攻击。

【难点】terrify 意为“使害怕”,be terrified of 意为“对…感到惊惧”;horrify意为“使震惊;使生反感”;horrible意为“令人恐惧的,可怕的;骇人听闻的”;terrific意为“棒极的,了不起的”。

24. C)【句意】他的疾病使得他不能集中注意力。

【难点】incapable意为“无能力的,不能的”,后接of;unable 意为“不能的,不会的”,后接动词不定式;powerless 意为“无能的,无力量的,无权力的”;incompetent意为“不称职的,不胜任的”。

25. A)【句意】现在孩子们大了,我让他们自己作决定,我决不擅自干涉。

【难点】presume意为“胆敢,冒昧”,后接动词不定式,用第一人称时为客套语;resume意为“重新开始,继续”;assume意为“假定,假设;臆断”;force 意为“强迫,迫使”。

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专业四级:词汇、语法详细解答40套(23)b

全真模拟试题

1. Your examination results were quitesatisfactory, but ____ if you had spent less time in playingfootball?

A. wouldn’t they have been better

B. wouldn’t they be better

C. won’t they have been better 

D. won’t they be better

2. I have given up trying to convince him, there is no point ____ with him.

A.by arguing B. with arguing

C. for arguing D. in arguing

3. Criticism and selfcriticism is necessary ____ it helps us to correct our mistakes.

A. in thatB. such thatC. so thatD. to that

4. To my surprise, the majority of the students ____ in favor of his proposal.

A. isB. areC. beD. was

5.As a matter of fact, children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined ____ high level of self confidence.

A. possessB. to possess 

C. to have possessed D. possessing

6. He managed, with his friend’s assistance, ____ before the building was locked.

A. being finished B. be finished

C. to finishD. being finishing

7. Why was the suggestion that she ____ to our party rejected the day before yesterday?

A. be invitedB. to be invited

C. being invitedD. has been invited

8. The office staff ____ gathered to hear the manager speak.

A. haveB. is beingC. hasD. is

9. ____ the door when a gust of wind blew the candle out.

A. He had no sooner opened 

B. Hardly had he opened

C. Scarcely did he opened

D. No sooner did he open

10. The workers are practising ____ a new song for the coming evening party of the New Year’s Eve.

A. to singB. to be singing

C. singingD. being sung

11. His speech was careful and ____ but his words seemed to make no sense.

A. distinctB. distinctive

C. distinguishableD. distinguished

12. The interpreter gave only a ____ version of the old man’s long rambling account.

A. minimumB. tinyC. condensedD. compressed

13. I know him ____ but I have never actually spoken to him.

A. from sightB. by sight 

C. in sightD. for sight

14. Strenuous efforts have been made to ____ government expenses to a desired level.

A. cut offB. cut backC. cut downD. cut short

15. They were digging to find some ____of the Viking Period.

A. tracksB. traitsC. tracesD. tracts

16. With a wave of his hand, the conjurer made the rabbit ____.

A. lingerB. vanishC. hoverD. soar

17. She has a small machine for ____ coffee beans.

A. breakingB. grindingC. splittingD. crashing

18. The trouble with owning a foreign car is that ____ parts are so expensive.

A. extraB. separateC. spareD. reserve

19. Whenever he writes to his parents, he ____ a check with his letter.

A. includesB. containsC. insertsD. encloses

20. The energy gained from the sun can then be used during the night to enable the necessary chemical reactions to ____ in his body.

A. proceedB. practiseC. progressD. precede

21. When Mr.Green was away on business, his neighbor gave his wife a(n) ____ with the housework.

A. aidB. helpC. handD. lift

22. There is a ____ of vegetables in Dalian at the moment because of the cold weather.

A. needB. wantC. shortageD. desire

23. When I heard footsteps behind me I was ____ of being attacked.

A. horrifiedB. horribleC. terrificD. terrified

24. His illness made him ____ of concentration.

A. incompetentB. unable

C. incapableD. powerless

25. I let children make their own decisions now they are older; I wouldn’t ____ to interfere.

A. presumeB. resumeC. assumeD. force

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