我来翻译(更新完毕:)) 翻译

DZ

每个民族都有自己的文化。这种文化是在特定的自然环境、历史条件、地理位置和社会现实中形成的,因此具有特殊性。要掌握一种语言就要熟悉其背后的文化特殊性,就要洞察本民族文化与其他民族文化的差异。为使译文读者得到和原文读者基本相同的文化信息,在翻译中遇到两种文化的差异时,译者就要仔细在两种文化中寻找对应的表达方式,做出各种必要的转换,传递原文中真实的文化信息。

文化习俗的不同

英语和汉语的社会群体在各自漫长的历史进程中,由于各自的风俗习惯、社会历史、文化背景、宗教信仰和地理环境等因素的影响,形成了具有各自民族特色的词汇体系。其中相当一部分是反映民族文化意义的词汇。这些词汇的文化意义呈现出差异性,因此,各民族表达相同概念的说法是各不相同的,

联想上的不同　　

语言是表达思想的,而思想是客观地反映。由于受到客观上的制约,不同文化的人生活习惯和思维方式都有很多不同之处,不同的民族往往用不同的比喻表达不同思想。

文化差异与翻译　
　
语言是文化的载体,不同的语言决定了不同民族不同的思维方式和行为方式,以及语言的表达方式。翻译是要了解英汉语言的根本区别与思维的差异,必须作等值意义转换,才能创作出最忠实、最自然、最贴切的译文。

今天就先来翻译“山中无老虎，猴子称霸王”(3日后公布答案哦,大加积极参与: ) )

[ 本帖最后由 DZ 于 2007-11-5 04:45 PM 编辑 ]

DZ

nobody?is it too hard or too easy?let's have a try!

DZ

呵呵,大家快来参与哦,答案明日公布,之后还有很多有趣的翻译呢.

DZ

  汉语的“山中无老虎,猴子成霸王”,英语用“In the land of the blind , the one-eyed man is king”(恭喜chm8624了 下次尽量自己翻译啦 )
  汉语表示一个人大口大口地喝水,常说“像牛饮”,英美人却说“drink like a fish。”同一客观的事物,在不同的文化里可以包含不同的价值,引起不同的联想,具有不同的内涵。比如,自然界是五颜六色的,人类的感觉是相同的,但颜色用于人类社会,在人们心目中就产生了特定的意义,引起特殊的联想,激发特别的感情,这样的颜色已不再是客观的物质色,而变成了抽象的象征色,进入了文化的染体。黑色变成了压抑的象征,白色表示无辜与纯洁,绿色带来一片生机。然而,颜色也常因特定环境与文化不同,其象征意义也不同。在英语世界黑色表示悲哀与庄重,而在中国以白色表示哀悼,有时也用黑色;绿色对英美人有时意味着嫉妒,紫色一般是权力的象征,而在中国黄色是不可侵犯的权贵颜色。
  在不同语言的互译中,要注意转换表达方法以符合译文习惯。比如汉语成语“一箭双雕”或“一举两得”,用英语说是什么呢?大家继续参与哦

DZ

也可以翻译成"When the cat's away, the mice will play."这一类谚语，所表达的含义完全相同，但所隐喻于的事物略有文化上的差异罢了

DZ

汉语成语“一箭双雕”或“一举两得”,用英语说是“一石打死二鸟”:“To kill two birds with one stone”!恭喜poetryman 啦

那“He has taken the bread out of my mouth”又是什么意思呢?“他从我嘴里拿走了面包”? 呵呵,大家继续参与哦

DZ

大家凭自己的实力来翻译一下,不要借助于网络用现成的嘛,毕竟是来学习的哦,这样再看答案就记得牢了,而且大家一起做更有乐趣嘛

DZ

在不同语言的互译中,要注意转换表达方法以符合译文习惯。“He has taken the bread out of my mouth”,应该译成“他砸了我的饭碗”、“他抢走了我的工作”或“他断了我谋生的路” ttaix 继续努力哦

    Having done so many jobs,let's enjoy a meal :

    中国人在向外国人介绍自己爱人(妻子) 时,常用“lover”一词,外国人听了十分惊奇,因为“lover”在英语里表示“情妇”或“情夫”即“情人”的意思。而汉语中的“爱人”,相当于英语的“husband”或“wife”。
中国人把猫头鹰当作不吉祥的象征,但英语中却说“as wise as an owl”,把猫头鹰当作智慧的象征。
中国人把“龙(dragon) ”视为吉祥的神物,有不可思议的伟大力量,因而成为至尊无上的帝王象征,甚至把它看作是光明的未来, “望子成龙”(long to see one′s son become a dragon) 。可是英美人却把“dragon”视为喷烟吐火的凶残怪物(a fierce fire breathing monster ) 。
美国人打招呼时,经常说“Hello”, “Hi”,英国人见面时喜欢谈天气,如“Lovely weather , isn’t it ?”之类的话,而中国人碰面时却经常说“你吃饭没有?”(Have you had your meal ?) 外国人听了很不理解:“你们为什么老问我吃饭没有? 我有钱!”中国人喜欢问:“Where are you going ?Where have you been ?”外国人听了很不高兴,心里说“It′s none of your business ! (你管得着吗?) ”外国人告别时通常“Goodbye ,bye-bye”或“Bye”或“See you later”,或微微一笑伴以再见的手式就可以了。而中国人却通常说:“慢走”、“好走”、“走好”、“请留步”。“你辛苦了”,这句话在中国使用范围很广,而英语没有完全对应的说法,若译为“You’ve had a hard time. ”或“You’ve gone through a lot of hardships. ”都是不贴切的,有时还会引起误解。对于一个长途旅行后刚到达中国的外国人,可以说“You must have had a tiring journey. ”或“You must be tired from a long trip ?”表示“路上辛苦了”, “一路好吗?”之类的客套话。而对刚刚完成一项艰难任务的人,可以说“Well done ,that was a hard job. ”或“You′ve got a hard job。”
再如,在汉民族文化里, “狗”总是受到鄙视、诅咒的对象,与“狗”有关的词语几乎都有贬义,诸如“狗胆包天”、“狗急跳墙”、“狗血喷头”、“狗眼看人低”、“狗仗人势”、“狗嘴里吐不出象牙”等等,但在西方文化里,狗却是“人之良友”,地位要高得多。
那么英语里“You are a lucky dog”,(dog-tired) ,“Every dog has his day”“Give a dog a bad name and hang him”又都是什么意思呢??

[ 本帖最后由 DZ 于 2007-10-17 04:54 PM 编辑 ]

DZ

you forgot the "dog-tired"

DZ

you should put your problem in"求助答疑" now that you asked,I  give you my answer:安装向导

DZ

当某人碰到好运时,人们会对他说:“You are a lucky dog”(你真幸运) ,当某人感到累的时候,他会说自己“像狗一样累坏了”(dog-tired) ,英语谚语“Every dog has his day”是说“人人都会有得意之时”,以狗喻人,却无贬义。又如“Give a dog a bad name and hang him”,意为“愈加之罪,何患无词”,其同情之心明显在狗的一边。由此可见,在外国人眼里, “狗”是多么的可爱。所以说ttaix都答对了 继续努力!

  猴子也算是人类的近亲了。它们看到人们做什么，都能学得惟妙惟肖，可见我们和猴子之间的渊源还真是深。人类的语言中自然少不了猴子，今天我们就来翻译两句关于猴子的口语表达。
1. Get one's monkey up
2. I will be a monkey's uncle
3. Has a monkey on one's back  
4. Monkey business  
5. Not give a monkey's fart
6. Play the monkey   
又都是什么意思呢?  come on!

[ 本帖最后由 DZ 于 2007-10-18 09:44 AM 编辑 ]

DZ

1. Get one's monkey up
"To get one's monkey up" 又作 "to put one's monkey up"，意思是发怒，生气。例如：
She gets her monkey up if you tell her she is wrong.（如果你说她错了，她会火冒三丈。）
2. I will be a monkey's uncle.
"I will be a monkey's uncle." 在俚语中表示惊讶。在它的前面常可见感叹词"Well"。例如：
He really left his wife? Well, I will be a monkey's uncle.（他真的丢下他的妻子？哎呀，我怎么不知道呢。）
3. Has a monkey on one's back
"To has a monkey on one's back" 在美国俚语中指"染上毒瘾"（to have drug addiction）。例如：
Even the little boy has a monkey on his back.（甚至这个小男孩也染上了毒瘾。）
4. Monkey business
"Monkey business" 也可以称为"funny business "，指"不正大光明 / 不正当的行为"(tricks or unlawful or unfair activities)。例如：
They suspected monkey business at the polls.（他们怀疑投票处有舞弊行为。）
5. Not give a monkey's fart
"Not give a monkey's fart" 又作 "not give/care a damn"，意思是"对某人某事不在乎"。例如：
I don't give a monkey's fart about what they think.（至于他们怎么考虑，我一点也不在乎。）
6. Play the monkey
"To play the monkey" 又作"to play the fool"或"to play the goat"，意思是"出洋相，做傻事"。例如：Be serious! Don't play the monkey.（正经点！别出洋相。）
ttaix很厉害了噢!

语言是文化的载体,不同的语言决定了不同民族不同的思维方式和行为方式,以及语言的表达方式。翻译是要了解英汉语言的根本区别与思维的差异,必须作等值意义转换,才能创作出最忠实、最自然、最贴切的译文。
⑴ She felt that she must not yield. She must go on leading her strained, humdrum life. This was her punishment for having made a mistake. She had made her bed, and she must lie on it .
⑵ Britain′s economic policy is now being pulled by the magnet of the next election.
⑶ Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard.
what's  the meaning?go go go !

DZ

⑴ She felt that she must not yield. She must go on leading her strained, humdrum life. This was her punishment for having made a mistake. She had made her bed, and she must lie on it .
译文:她觉得不能打退堂鼓,必须继续过那贫困而单调的生活。这是她犯了错误,得到的惩罚,她要自食其果。
此处,译者以其他形象取代原来的形象,但却忠实地表达了原文的含义。

⑵ Britain′s economic policy is now being pulled by the magnet of the next election.
译文:下一次大选磁铁般的牵引着英国经济政策。
这里把原文里的隐喻(metaphor) 变成了译文中的明喻(simile) 。

⑶ Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard.
译文:据说每家多少都有自家的丑事。
在此如不译成“家丑”,而译成字面意思“衣柜里的骷髅”,那就令人费解了。
以上实例说明,在翻译的过程中,文化的差异并不是绝对的、不可逾越的,关键在对文化差异透彻的理解,这样才能实现准确地表达。 ttaix真是很厉害噢

then let's translate some vulgarisms.and if you could make a sentence with that vulgarism,so much the better
When in Rome, do as the Romans do

DZ

When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗
Explanation: conform to the manners and customs of those amongst whom you live.
Example: I know you have egg and bacon for breakfast at home, but now you are on the Continent , you will do as the Romans do and take coffee and rolls. ttaix,呵呵,本来是没有笑得,只是一看你的"严肃",我就不小心笑了,呵呵
接下来是周末了,给大家准备两个:
1.The world is but a little place.
2.What you lose on the swings you get back on the roundabouts.

DZ

ok ,but maybe you forgot the sentence

DZ

then you can join us

World is but a little place.
天涯原咫尺，到处可逢君
Explanation: it is used when a person meets someone he knows or is in someway connected with him in a place where he would never have expected to do so.
Example: Who would have thought I would bump into an old schoolmate on a trek up Mount Tai. The world is but a little place after all.

What you lose on the swings you get back on the roundabouts.
失之东隅，收之桑榆
Explanation: a rough way of starting a law of average; if you have bad luck on one day you have good on another; if one venture results in loss try a fresh one---it may succeed.
Example: he may always possess merits which make up for everything; if he loses on the swings, he may win on the roundabouts.

ttaix,so clever haven't consulted the dictionary?

ok,next:A contented mind is a perpetual feast?Don't forgot the sentence

DZ

A contented mind is a perpetual feast  知足者常乐

Example: you complain so much, but you have a good family, parents, health, and money.
A contented mind is a perpetual feast.

so,ttaix,congratulations!and your sentence is pretty good
ling-fly,persevere in your efforts

next,Entertain an angel unawares,yeah,do you know and can you guess?come on

DZ

Entertain an angel unawares. 有眼不识泰山
Explanation: to receive a great personage as a guest without knowing his merits.
Example: In the course of evening someone informed her that she was entertaining an angel unawares, in the shape of a composer of the greatest promise.(maybe who can tell me how to translate this sentence?)

ttaix,why have a try this time?or just took a joke?
and ling-fly,don't give up,go on learning we're all with you

today's question:After meat, mustard; after death, doctor?

DZ

if you can help me  translate this sentence,then I'll
Example: In the course of evening someone informed her that she was entertaining an angel unawares, in the shape of a composer of the greatest promise.

DZ

ttaix给你加金币了哦.到底怎么翻译呢?who can help me?

ok,answer:After meat, mustard; after death, doctor . 　　雨后送伞
　　Explanation: this describes a situation where assistance or comfort is given when it is too late.
　　Example: just as I had cancelled my application to go abroad, I had a promise of money for my fare. It was a case of after death, the doctor.

then,today's challenge:After praising the wine they sell us vinegar. easier