高考英语热点句式(01)

◆热点句式1  祈使句 + and / or + 陈述句

“祈使句 + and / or + 陈述句”这一句式是近几年高考英语一个十分重要的考点。针对这一句式的设题主要有三种可能：

1. 考查其中的连词是用and 还是 or

用and还是or取决于句意，但命题者往往还会设置but, yet, while等干扰项。如：

1. Lose one hour in the morning  you will be looking for it the rest of the day. (北京春)

A. but         B. and         C. or       D. so

2. Follow your doctor’s advice, ______ your cough will get worse. (辽宁卷)

A. or                  B. and         C. then             D. so

3. Stand over there _______ you’ll be able to see it better. (天津卷)

A. or               B. while      C. but                    D. and

2. 考查其中的“祈使句”句首的动词用何形式

祈使句首要用动词原形，但命题者通常会用不定式或现在分词等进行干扰。如：

1. ______ straight on and you’ll see a church. You won’t miss it. (湖北卷)

A. Go                   B. Going        C. If you go           D. When going

2.—English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

—Yes. ______ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. (上海卷)

A. Know        B. Knowing    C. To know           D. Known

3. 考查其中的“陈述句”谓语用何时态

or 或 and 后的“陈述句”要用一般将来时，因为从意义上看，它表示的是将来意义。如：

1. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______ advertisements showing happy families. (湖南卷)

A. will often see                   B. often see

C. are often seeing                D. have often seen

2. Let’s keep to the point or we _______ any decisions. (全国卷)

A. will never reach                      B. have never reached   

C. never reach                             D. never reached

【全真模拟训练】

1. Just ______ to him, and you will see how unusual he is!

A. to listen            B. listen                C. listened             D. listening

2. ______ the footpath and you’ll eventually hit the road.

A. Follow              B. Following         C. Followed           D. to follow

3. ______ your radio down, or you’ll wake the neighbours.

A. Turning            B. To turn             C. Having turned    D. Turn

4. ______ a bit closer and you’ll be able to see better.

A. To come           B. Coming             C. Having come     D. Come

5. Make sure the iron isn’t too hot ______ you’ll burn the cloth.

A. and                   B. or                     C. yet                    D. so

6. Don’t loosen your grip on the rope ______ you’ll fall.

A. so                     B. and                   C. or                     D. but

7. Come on, get moving ______ you’ll be late for school.

A. but                   B. and                   C. or                     D. so

8. Be quiet or you______ the whole house!

A. are waking        B. have waken              C. will wake          D. wake

9. Keep to the path or you ______ your way.

A. are losing          B. have lost           C. will lose            D. lose

10. Be careful with that umbrella ______ you’ll poke someone in the eye.

A. then                  B. and                   C. or                     D. but

11. Don’t try anything on with me, kid, ______ you’ll be sorry.

A. but                   B. and                   C. or                     D. yet

12. Don’t mention my name or you______ me into trouble.

A. have got            B. are getting         C. will get             D. get

热点句式2  so + 助动词 + 主语 / so + 主语 + 助动词

“so + 助动词 + 主语”这一结构主要用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意为“……也一样”。该结构中的助动词 do 根据前文的情况也可换成 is, am, are, was, were, does, did, can, could 等。如：

He passed the exam, and so did I.

=He passed the exam, and I passed the exam, too.

=Both he and I passed the exam.

=He and I both passed the exam.

他通过了考试，我也通过了考试。/ 他和我都通过了考试。

又如：

They went to the zoo yesterday. So did we. 他们昨天去了动物园，我们也去了。

但是如果前面所述情况为否定式，则用neither, nor引出倒装句(此时不能用so)。如：

He couldn’t do it, and neither could she. 他做不了这事，她也做不了。

He never comes late. Nor do I. 他从不迟到，我也从不迟到。

“so + 主语 + 助动词”结构则主要用于加强语气，其意为“的确如此、确实如此”，表示后者赞同前者的话或意见，只是进一步强调并重复前句所述的内容。前后句的主语指的是同一个人或物。该结构中的助动词 do 根据前文的情况也可换成 is, am, are, was, were, does, did, can, could 等。如：

—He has done a good job. 他干得不错。

—So he has. 他的确干得不错。

—He will speak at the meeting tomorrow. 他明天将在会上发言。

—So he will. 确实如此。

—He went to see his friend yesterday. 他昨天去看朋友了。

—So he did. 的确如此。

请看2005年的几道高考真题(答案为：1—4 DADC)：

1. Mary never does any reading in the evening, _____. (2005全国卷III)

A. so does JohnB. John does too                  C. John doesn’t tooD. nor does John

2. —Well. I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast.

— _____. (2005辽宁卷)

A. So it is                         B. So is itC. So does itD. So it does

3.—Father, you promised!

—Well, _____. But it was you who didn’t keep your word first. (2005湖北卷)

A. so was IB. so did I                           C. so I wasD. so I did

4. — Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.

— ______, and so did I. (2005安徽卷)

A. So she had                      B. So had she                       C. So she didD. So did she

非常有趣的是，这些考题与原来某些省市的考题极为相似，请将上面最后一题(2005年安徽卷)与下面这道上海题(答案为B)比较一下：

—David has made great progress recently.

— _______, and _______. (1997年上海卷)

A. So he has, so you haveB. So he has, so have you      C. So has he, so have youD. So has he, so you have

顺便说一句，你不要从上面的考题片面地认为高考只考肯定结构，不考否定结构，请看去年广西的一道考题(答案为B)：(from www.nmet168.com)

—I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!

—_____. (2004广西卷)

A. Nor am IB. Neither would IC. Same with meD. So do I

【全真模拟训练】

1. “I’m going to Paris next week.” “Oh, really? ______.”

A. So do IB. So I do                           C. So am ID. So I am

2. As the demand rises, ______ prices.

A. so as pricesB. so do prices                     C. so prices doD. and prices do

3. The service was terrible and ______ the food.

A. so thatB. so asC. so wasD. so as to

4. Her parents are too poor to afford her college education, and ______.

A. so do my parentsB. so my parents do              C. so are mineD. so is mine

5. She is really very beautiful and ______ her mother before she had children.

A. so isB. so wasC. so hasD. so did

6. If anyone in our class can do it, ______.

A. so can I                           B. so I can                           C. so do ID. so I do

7. Tom didn’t believe a word she said, and ______.

A. so the police didB. so did the police               C. neither the police didD. neither did the police

8. “Michael did a very good job.” “Yes, ______, and ______.”

A. so he did, so you didB. so he did, so did you        C. so did he, so did youD. so did he, so you did

9. “Father, you promised to come with me!” “Well, ______, but now I have an important meeting to attend.”

A. so have IB. so did I                           C. so I haveD. so I did

10. I’m quite willing to help and _______ are the others.

A. theyB. whoC. soD. even

●热点句式3  however + 形容词或副词+ 主语+ 动词

“however+形容词或副词+主语+动词”是高考英语经常涉及的一个考点，however 的意思是“无论多么”，用以引导让步状语从句。如：

However much he eats, he never gets fat. 无论他吃多少, 他都不发胖。

However hot it is, he will not take off his coat. 无论多热，他都不会脱掉外套。

He will never succeed however hard he tries. 不论他怎样努力，都不会获得成功。

However sly a fox may be, it is no match for a good hunter. 狐狸再狡猾也敌不过好猎手。

几点说明：

1. 这类结构中的 however 也可换成 no matter how，但不能只换成 no matter。注意：高考命题中经常用 no matter 来设置干扰项。

2. 有时however后可以没有形容词或副词，此时however 的意思是“无论用什么办法”“不管怎样”。如：

However you come, be sure to come early. 不管你怎么来，一定要早来。

However you travel, it’ll take you at least three days. 不管你怎么走，至少要三天。

3. 有时该结构中的主语和谓语可以有所省略。如：

He was of some help, however small. 他总能帮些忙，不管多小的忙。

I refuse, however favorable the condition. 不管条件多好，我都不接受。

第一句句末省略了 it is，第二句句末省略了 is

下面请看有关的高考真题(答案为1—5 AADBC)：

1. He tried his best to solve the problem, _____difficult it was (2005天津卷)

A. however            B. no matter          C. whatever           D. although

2. You should try to get a good night’s sleep _____much work you have to do. (2004湖北卷)

A. however            B. no matter          C. although            D. whatever

3. We’ll have to finish the job, _______. (1999全国卷)

A. long it takes however              B. it takes however long

C. long however it takes        D. however long it takes

4. ______ Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. (1997全国卷)

A. However late is he                  B. However late he is

C. However is he late                   D. However he is late

5. ______ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do. (1996上海卷)

A. How          B. whatever    C. However    D. No matter

注：另外还有whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever 等引导的从句也值得注意（以下练习对这几个词均有所涉及）。

【全真模拟训练】

1. ______ you suggest, she will always go her own way.

A. What                B. How                 C. whatever           D. However

2. ______ wants to speak to me on the phone, tell them I’m busy.

A. Who                 B. Anyone             C. Whoever           D. He

3. Tell ______ you like — it makes no difference to me.

A. whoever            B. anyone              C. who                  D. wherever

4. _______ day you come, I’ll be pleased to see you.

A. Which                     B. Whichever         C. However           D. What

5. I will refuse, ______ favorable the condition.

A. whatever           B. however            C. whichever         D. whenever

6. You won’t move that stone, _______ strong you are.

A. how                  B. however            C. what                 D. whatever

7. She leaves her bedroom window open, _______ cold it is.

A. how                  B. however            C. what                 D. whatever

8. ______ short the journey is, you always get something to eat on this airline.

A. whatever           B. However           C. Whichever         D. Whenever

9. Being recognized ______ you go is the price you pay for being famous.

A. wherever           B. however            C. whatever           D. whenever

10. We shall defend our city, ______ the cost may be.

A. whatever           B. however            C. whichever         D. whenever

●热点句式4  it is +时间 + since (before, when)…

请注意以下三个句式的区别和意思上的差异（其中的 is 根据情况可以有其他时态形式）：

It is + 时间段 + since… 的意思是“自从……以来有一段时间了”。

It is + 时间点 + when… 的意思是“当……的时候时间是……”。

It is + 时间段 + before… 的意思是“在……之前有一段时间”。

请看以下用例：

It’s ten years since they got married. 他们结婚到现在已经十年了。

It was past one o’clock when he came in. 他回来时已经一点多了。

It won’t be long before they understand each other. 过不了多久他们就会互相了解的。

有时翻译可以比较灵活：

It’s a long time since I met you last. 好久不见了。(直译：自上次见到你以来有很长一段时间了。)

It’s about three years since I last played basketball. 我差不多有三年没有打篮球了。(直译：自从我上次打篮球以来已差不多有三年了。)

请看有关高考题(答案为DDBCDC)：

1. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years ______ I enjoyed myself so much. (2005安徽卷)

A. when       B. that         C. before      D. since

2. It was some time _____we realized the truth. (2005山东卷)

A. when                B. until                 C. since                 D. before

3. —Did Jack come back early last night?

—Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock _____he arrived home. (2005福建卷)

A. before               B. when                C. that                   D. until

4. Scientists say it may be five or six years _____it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. (2004福建卷)

A. since                 B. after                 C. before               D. when

5. It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester. (2004天津卷)

A. that            B. until             C. since            D. before

6. It ______ long before we ______ the result of the experiment. (2002上海春)

A. will not be; will know                    B. is; will know

C. will not be; know                           D. is; know

【全真模拟训练】

1. It was about midnight ______ we found the lost child, crying under a tree.

A. that            B. until                    C. when            D. where

2. It's some time ______ I have spoken to you about this matter.

A. that                  B. unless               C. since                 D. until

3. It was ten ______ he stood at aunt’s door and rang the bell.

A. when                B. until                 C. since                 D. that

4. I think it won’t be long ______ they understand each other.

A. when                B. until                 C. since                 D. before

5. How pleased I am tonight! It’s years ______ we had so great a time together.

A. when           B. that            C. before          D. since

6. It was some time ______ we realized how important the matter is.

A. when                B. until                 C. since                 D. before

7. —Did you come home very late last night?

—No. It was just half past seven ______ I appeared before my parents.

A. that                  B. when                C. until                 D. since

8. How time files! It seems like years ______ I last saw you.

A. when                B. that                   C. since                 D. before

9. It’s more than half a century ______ the People’s Republic of China was liberated.

A. when                   B. that              C. since             D. after

●热点句式5  “句首否定状语+倒装”结构

在高考英语涉及倒装的考题中，约有一半是考查否定状语置于句首时的倒装。这里所说的否定状语主要是指never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等表示否定意义的副词以及by no means(决不), in no case(决不), on no accounts(决不), on no condition(决不), in [under] no circumstances(决不)等。这种倒装与一般疑问句的形式相同，通常被称为部分倒装。如：

Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。

Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。

Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。

I haven’t been to New York before and neither has my sister. 我以前没去过纽约, 我妹妹也没去过.

In no case should you give up. 你绝不能放弃。

On no condition should we tell her about it. 我们绝不能把此事告诉她。

Not until he came back did he realize how serious the matter is. 直到他回来，他才意识到问题有多严重。

请看以下高考真题(答案为ADBCADC)：

1. Never before _____in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. (2005上海卷)

A. has this city been                    B. this city has been

C. was this city                           D. this city was

2. They have a good knowledge of English but little _____they know about German (2005天津卷)

A. have                 B. did            C. had                   D. do

3. —I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!

—_____. (2004广西卷)

A. Nor am I        B. Neither would I        C. Same with me    D. So do I

4. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ______ any end to their influence man’s lives. (2004广东)

A. there is            B. there are          C. is there           D. are there

5. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _____such a beautiful place. (2004辽宁卷)

A. can you find                                  B. you could find   

C. you can find                                  D. could you find

6. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life _______ so happy! (2000北京春)

A. did I feel           B. I felt                 C. I had felt           D. had I felt

7. Not a single song _______ at yesterday’s party. (2000上海)

A. she sang            B. sang she            C. did she sing              D. she did sing

【全真模拟训练】

1. He was absent from the meeting. Little ______ how important this meeting was.

A. did he realize                          B. had he realized

C. he realized                              D. he had realized

2. ______ had we reached the airport than the plane took off.

A. No sooner                              B. No wonder        

C. No time                                 D. No case

3. “On no accounts ______,” he said to us seriously.

A. must this switch be touched      B. this switch must be touched

C. be this switch touched              D. this switch be touched

4. He only wanted us to work longer; ______ whether we could bear.

A. he cared            B. cared he     C. did he care        D. he did care

5. —Do you know which floor does Mr Green live?

—Mr Green? Oh, ______ live here.

A. no longer does he                    B. no longer has he

C. he does no longer                    D. he has no longer

6. I’ve always heard she’s an excellent player but ______ her in action.

A. never I have seen                    B. never have I seen

C. never I had seen                     D. never had I seen

7. Never ______ we agree, I think, so let’s just leave it at that.

A. shall                 B. are             C. have                 D. did

8. Seldom _______ hotels when traveling; we usually just try our luck.

A. we book            B. do we book C. we booked       D. did we book

9. Not until recently ______ any idea what a guided missile was like.

A. I have            B. do I have         C. I had          D. did I have

10. We meant to have arrived early, but hardly ______ when it began to rain.

A. we had started                         B. had we started

C. we started                               D. did we started

●热点句式6  强调句型

强调句是高考英语经常涉及的一个考点，这类考题主要涉及以下几个方面：一是考查强调句型的基本结构，即“It is + 被强调成分 + that / who +其他部分”；二是考查强调句的疑问句形式，如强调句的一般疑问句形式“Is it + 被强调成分 + that / who +其他部分”以及特殊疑问句形式“疑问词+is it that+其他部分”；三是考查not…until…的强调形式“It was not until….that….”。如：

It was from Betty that he first heard the news. 这消息他最早是从贝蒂那里听到的。

Was it you who broke the window? 窗子是你打破的吗?

It was not until the rain stopped that they started. 直到雨停他们才出发。

How long ago is it that you last saw her? 你上次看见她是多久以前的事?

请看有关高考真题(答案DACCBCB)：

1. It wasn’t until nearly a month later _____ I received the manager’s reply. (2005全国卷I)

A. since                 B. when                C. as                     D. that

2. It is what you do rather than what you say _____matters (2005天津卷)

A. that                  B. what                 C. which               D. this

3.— _____ that he manage to get the information.

—Oh, a friend of his helped him. (2005山东卷)

A. Where was it    B. What was it      C. How was it       D. Why was it

4. It was _____back home after the experiments. (2004湖北卷)

A. not until midnight did he go            B. until midnight that he didn’t go

C. not until midnight that he went        D. until midnight when he didn’t go

5. It is these poisonous products _______ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. (2003上海)

A. who                  B. that                   C. how                  D. what

6. It was for this reason _______ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. (2001上海春)

A. which               B. why                  C. that                   D. how

7. It is the ability to do the work _______ matters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET 2000)

A. one                   B. that                   C. what                 D. it

【全真模拟训练】

1. It was not until he came back ______ he knew the police were looking for him.

A. which           B. since              C. that                     D. before

2. It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed me.

A. which          B. as                C. what           D. that

3. It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him the job.

A. which           B. since             C. that            D. what

4. It is the ability to do the job ______ matters not where you come from or what you are.

A. one             B. that              C. what        D. it

5. It was in the small house ______ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhood.

A. which, that    B. that, which    C. which, which   D. that, where

6. It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan.

A. which            B. as                C. that             D. what

7. It might be I, who have caused the accident, ______ to answer for it.

A. which is        B. what are             C. that are             D. that am

8. “How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”

A. it that            B. he that                     C. it when             D. he which

9.—Who are making so much noise in the garden?

—______ the children.

A. It is               B. They are            C. That is                     D. There are

10. It’s so long since it rained ______ the river-bed is dry.

A. when                B. before               C. that                  D. because

11. It was when she was about to go to bed ______ the telephone rang.

A. since            B. as              C. that                 D. then

12. It may have been at Christmas ______ John gave Mary a handbag.

A. before          B. who            C. that                D. when

13. Who was it ______ saved the drowning girl?

A. since            B. as              C. that                D. he