1. As far as the third factor is concerned， the history of science shows many instances in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly powerful resistance to further investigation； in some cases centuries elapsed before this resistance was eventually broken down， as happened in cosmology， for example.
第一层：As far as the third factor is concerned ，状语从句1 the history主of science定shows谓many定instances宾in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly power-定语从句ful resistance to further investigation ； in some cases状centuries主elapsed谓before this resistance was eventually broken down， as状语从句2 happened in cosmology， for example.
第二层：（状语从句1） As far as引the third factor主语is系concerned表语
（定语从句） in which引the force主of authority定has operated谓in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly powerful re-状sistance to further investigation
（状语从句2） before引this resistance主was系eventually状broken down，表as happened in cosmology，for example定语从句
要点本句由两个分句构成，以分号连接。第一个分句的主干为“the history of science shows many instances”，“in which”引导的定语从句修饰“instances”，“such ……as ……”表结果，后接不定式；在第二个分句中，before引出时间状语从句：“before this resistance was eventually broken down”；代词“as”在此是关系代词，引出定语从句：“as happened in cosmology”。resistance：抵抗（力）；阻力。cosmology：宇宙论，宇宙哲学。
2. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.
第一层：Behaviorists主suggest谓that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his宾语从句or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.
第二层：（宾语从句） that引the child主who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity定语从句
for appropriate responses will experience谓greater intellectual定development.宾
第三层：（定语从句） who引is raised谓in an environment状where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for ap-定语从句
propriate responses
第四层：（定语从句） where引there引are系many定stimuli主which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses定语从句
第五层：（定语从句） which引develop谓his or her定capacity宾for appropriate定responses
要点根据上下文的逻辑关系可以看出，本句中suggest的词义不是propose，而是bring an idea into the mind，所以翻译为“…的看法是”。who引导的定语从句修饰child，根据上下文的语义关系，翻译成条件句；where引导的定语从句修饰environment，用合译法译出；which引导的从句修饰stimuli，用分译法进行翻译。appropriate：适合的，相称的。译文行为主义者的看法是，如果一个儿童在有许多刺激因素的环境里长大，而这些刺激因素能够开发其相应的反映能力，那么这个儿童将会有更好的智力发展。
3. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities - those of love and of reason - are the aims of all social arrangements.
要点本句为含有两个定语从句的主从复合句。主句的谓语动词suggest可接动名词作宾语。而宾语中的transform一词常用在“transform sth. from …… into……”结构中，译为“把…从…转变为…”。句中两个in which分别修饰其先行词industrialism，翻译时宜采用前置法。两个破折号之间的those of love and of reason为potentialities一词的同位语。
4. President Kennedy wanted people who raised questions， who criticized， on whose judgment he could rely， who presented an intelligent point of view， regardless of their rank or viewpoint.
5. In the “soap war” between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever， tremendous use is made of statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from the proportional allocation to advertising， which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling， so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.
要点此句结构比较复杂，但主句很简单，主语为use，谓语为is made.主句正常语序为tremendous use of statistics is made to……， to measure……作目的状语，resulting from……为现在分词短语作difference的后置定语。which引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰allocation to advertising.so that引导一个结果状语从句。plus为介词，意为“加上”。soap war为“肥皂广告大战”。
译文在Proctor and Gamble和Unilever两家企业之间的“肥皂大战”中，双方就大量使用了统计学知识来测量由相应的广告投入所引起的市场上的动态差异，这一项在售前的生产成本中占较大部分，所以他们把生产成本看作是生产费用与广告费用之和。
6. Smart cards， which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them than conventional cards with a magnetic stripe， are already widely used in European countries where centralized banks can roll out new services on a nationwide basis.
要点本句为简单复合句。句架为Smart cards， which ……， are already widely used in European countries where……。which为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰smart cards；where为关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰countries.nationwide：全国范围内的。roll out：本意为“展开（卷起之物）”，此处为引申义，指展开工作。
7. How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount， reliability， and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.
要点本句含有一个主语从句How well the prediction will be validated by later performance和一个定语从句with which it is interpreted.定语从句中it指代prediction，该定语从句修饰the skill and wisdom.在翻译时主语从句用分译法，定语从句用合译法。validate：使有效；使有充分根据。
8. Thus， to rectify the positions taken previously， where we contented ourselves with condemnations， in my delegation‘s opinion， we must find an overall solution which would come to grips with both the substance as well as the superficial aspects which， after all， serve only to compel us to keep this problem constantly on the Security Council’s agendas.
要点本句含有三个定语从句“where……condemnations”，“which would come to grips ……”和“which， after all， serve only to compel……”。第二个定语从句译成同位结构；第三个定语从句同上下文有明显的因果关系，译成“因为…”。overall：从头到尾；总的，全面的。
9. We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical change in matter as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.
10. Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty， when there are pretty children in a pool and a young Diana on the edge， to receive with wonder anything you can catch！
要点本句由一个主句（Time goes fast）、两个定语从句（who……和you can catch）和一个状语从句（when……）组成。you can catch前省略了that.按照先发生的事情先叙述以及条件在先结果在后的汉语习惯，翻译时应采用逆序法。
1. As far as the third factor is concerned， the history of science shows many instances in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly powerful resistance to further investigation； in some cases centuries elapsed before this resistance was eventually broken down， as happened in cosmology， for example.
第一层：As far as the third factor is concerned ，状语从句1 the history主of science定shows谓many定instances宾in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly power-定语从句ful resistance to further investigation ； in some cases状centuries主elapsed谓before this resistance was eventually broken down， as状语从句2 happened in cosmology， for example.
第二层：（状语从句1） As far as引the third factor主语is系concerned表语
（定语从句） in which引the force主of authority定has operated谓in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly powerful re-状sistance to further investigation
（状语从句2） before引this resistance主was系eventually状broken down，表as happened in cosmology，for example定语从句
要点本句由两个分句构成，以分号连接。第一个分句的主干为“the history of science shows many instances”，“in which”引导的定语从句修饰“instances”，“such ……as ……”表结果，后接不定式；在第二个分句中，before引出时间状语从句：“before this resistance was eventually broken down”；代词“as”在此是关系代词，引出定语从句：“as happened in cosmology”。resistance：抵抗（力）；阻力。cosmology：宇宙论，宇宙哲学。
2. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.
第一层：Behaviorists主suggest谓that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his宾语从句or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.
第二层：（宾语从句） that引the child主who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity定语从句
for appropriate responses will experience谓greater intellectual定development.宾
第三层：（定语从句） who引is raised谓in an environment状where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for ap-定语从句
propriate responses
第四层：（定语从句） where引there引are系many定stimuli主which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses定语从句
第五层：（定语从句） which引develop谓his or her定capacity宾for appropriate定responses
要点根据上下文的逻辑关系可以看出，本句中suggest的词义不是propose，而是bring an idea into the mind，所以翻译为“…的看法是”。who引导的定语从句修饰child，根据上下文的语义关系，翻译成条件句；where引导的定语从句修饰environment，用合译法译出；which引导的从句修饰stimuli，用分译法进行翻译。appropriate：适合的，相称的。译文行为主义者的看法是，如果一个儿童在有许多刺激因素的环境里长大，而这些刺激因素能够开发其相应的反映能力，那么这个儿童将会有更好的智力发展。
3. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities - those of love and of reason - are the aims of all social arrangements.
要点本句为含有两个定语从句的主从复合句。主句的谓语动词suggest可接动名词作宾语。而宾语中的transform一词常用在“transform sth. from …… into……”结构中，译为“把…从…转变为…”。句中两个in which分别修饰其先行词industrialism，翻译时宜采用前置法。两个破折号之间的those of love and of reason为potentialities一词的同位语。
4. President Kennedy wanted people who raised questions， who criticized， on whose judgment he could rely， who presented an intelligent point of view， regardless of their rank or viewpoint.
5. In the “soap war” between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever， tremendous use is made of statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from the proportional allocation to advertising， which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling， so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.
要点此句结构比较复杂，但主句很简单，主语为use，谓语为is made.主句正常语序为tremendous use of statistics is made to……， to measure……作目的状语，resulting from……为现在分词短语作difference的后置定语。which引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰allocation to advertising.so that引导一个结果状语从句。plus为介词，意为“加上”。soap war为“肥皂广告大战”。
译文在Proctor and Gamble和Unilever两家企业之间的“肥皂大战”中，双方就大量使用了统计学知识来测量由相应的广告投入所引起的市场上的动态差异，这一项在售前的生产成本中占较大部分，所以他们把生产成本看作是生产费用与广告费用之和。
6. Smart cards， which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them than conventional cards with a magnetic stripe， are already widely used in European countries where centralized banks can roll out new services on a nationwide basis.
要点本句为简单复合句。句架为Smart cards， which ……， are already widely used in European countries where……。which为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰smart cards；where为关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰countries.nationwide：全国范围内的。roll out：本意为“展开（卷起之物）”，此处为引申义，指展开工作。
7. How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount， reliability， and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.
要点本句含有一个主语从句How well the prediction will be validated by later performance和一个定语从句with which it is interpreted.定语从句中it指代prediction，该定语从句修饰the skill and wisdom.在翻译时主语从句用分译法，定语从句用合译法。validate：使有效；使有充分根据。
8. Thus， to rectify the positions taken previously， where we contented ourselves with condemnations， in my delegation‘s opinion， we must find an overall solution which would come to grips with both the substance as well as the superficial aspects which， after all， serve only to compel us to keep this problem constantly on the Security Council’s agendas.
要点本句含有三个定语从句“where……condemnations”，“which would come to grips ……”和“which， after all， serve only to compel……”。第二个定语从句译成同位结构；第三个定语从句同上下文有明显的因果关系，译成“因为…”。overall：从头到尾；总的，全面的。
9. We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical change in matter as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.
10. Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty， when there are pretty children in a pool and a young Diana on the edge， to receive with wonder anything you can catch！
要点本句由一个主句（Time goes fast）、两个定语从句（who……和you can catch）和一个状语从句（when……）组成。you can catch前省略了that.按照先发生的事情先叙述以及条件在先结果在后的汉语习惯，翻译时应采用逆序法。
