高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——被动语态 英语, 高考, 归纳, 陷阱

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◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. “Do you like the material？” “Yes, it _____ very soft.”
A. is feeling B. felt
C. feels D. is felt
【陷阱】此题容易误选D，想当然地根据“这布料摸起来很柔软”这一句意，认为“布料”应是“被摸”，所以 feel 选用被动语态。
【分析】其实，此题正确答案为C，因为 feel 在此为连系动词，而连系动词均为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，尽管有时其汉语意思有被动意味。请看以下类似例子 （答案均为D）：
（1） Her forehead _____ hot. I’m afraid she is ill.
A. is feeling B. felt
C. is felt D. feels
（2） The new school has been completed. It _____ very beautiful.
A. is looked B. looked
C. has looked D. looks
（3） The dish _____ nice, but the milk _____ sour.
A. is smelt, is smelt B. is smelt, smells
C. smells, is smelt D. smells, smells
（4） The story of his life _____ interesting.
A. is sounded B. is sounding
C. has sounded D. sounds
2. He was angry _____ your work. He said that he _____ at all.
A. at, didn’t satisfy B. to, didn’t satisfy
C. at, wasn’t satisfied D. to, wasn’t satisfied
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能被误选。
【分析】最佳答案为C. be angry at （about） sth 意为“对某事生气”，许多同学常按汉语意思将其中的介词 at （about） 换成 to，这是错误的。另外，许多同学将汉语的“不满意”直译为 not satisfy，这是是不对的，因为，satisfy在现代英语中只用作及物动词，其意不是“满意”而是“使（人）满意”，所以其后不能没有宾语，除非本身是被动语态（或是系表结构）。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. The president _____ a cool reception when he visited London.
A. gave B. was given
C. had given D. had been given
2. A red sky in the morning _____ to be a sign of bad weather.
A. says B. is saying
C. has said D. is said
3 If you go there alone after dark you might get _____.
A. attacked and robbed B. attacking and robbing
B. to attack and rob D. to be attacked and robbed
4. What I wanted to know was when and where the meeting ______.
A. was holding B. had held
C. was to hold D. was to be held
5. New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.
A. develop B. are being developed
C. are developing D. have developed
6. I’ll come after the meeting if time ______.
A. permits B. is permitting
C. is permitted D. has permitted
7. The students _____ ￡50 a year to cover the cost of books and stationery.
A. give B. are given
C. have given D. to give
8. With the development of science, more new technology _______ to the fields of IT.
A. has introduced B. is being introduced
C. is introduced D. was introduced
9.“How about the dishes, Dear？” “The beef didn’t taste very good. It ______ too long.”
A. cooked B. had been cooked
C. was cooked D. had cooked
10. He kept a little notebook, in which ______ the names and addresses of his friends.
A. wrote　 B. was writing
C. was written D. were written
11. “Look！ Everything here is under construction.” “What is the small building that ______for？”
A. is being building B. has been built
C. is built D. is being built
12. Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes.
A. lose B. will be lost
C. are lost D. will lose
13. A red sky in the morning ______ to be a sign of bad weather.
A. says B. is saying
C. has said D. is said
14. New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.
A. develop B. are being developed
C. are developing D. have developed
【答案与解析】
1. 选B.一方面语意要求要被动语态，另一方面从句时态暗示主句应用一般过去时。
2. 选D.此句也可说成 It is said that a red sky in the morning is a sign of bad weather.
3. 选A，“get + 过去分词”表被动。
4. 选D，从逻辑上说，“会议”应是被开，故用被动式。
5. 选B.从语境上看，develop 不仅要用被动语态，而且要用进行时态。
6. 选A，该用法中的 permit 为不及物动词，不用被动语态。其中if time permits 也可换成 time permitting.
7. 选B.谓语为 give sb sth 结构的被动语态形式。
8. 选B.技术应该是“被”引进，故用被动语态；根据语境句子应用现在进行时。
9. 选B.从句意上看，“牛肉”应该是“被”煮，故句子要用被动语态；从时间上看，由于句中有 didn’t taste very good，所以“煮得太久”应该在这一过去时间之前，故用过去完成时。
10. 选D.in which were written the names and addresses…为倒装句式，其正常表达为 the names and addresses of his friends were written in the notebook.
11. 选D.因为 building 应该是“被建”，故用被动语态；再根据前文的 look, under construction 等信息词可知，此处应用现在进行时态。
12. 选B.jobs与lose应为被动关系，故用被动语态；再根据条件状语从句中的一般现在时可知主句以用一般将来时为宜。
13. 选D.因为主语 a red sky 与谓语动词say之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。
14. 选B.因为“新的药物和器械”与“开发”之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。
动词用法与辨析