2005年硕士研究生入学考试英语命题预测试卷(十)及答案 英语, 硕士研究生, 入学考试, 命题, 预测

幽幽草

Section I Use of English　　Directions:
　　Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.( 10 points )
　　It is acknowledged that the modern musical show is America's most original and dynamic contribution toward theater. In the last quarter of a century, America has produced large 1 of musical plays that have been popular abroad 2 at home. 3, it is very difficult to explain 4 is new or 5 American about them, for the 6 are centuries old.
　　Perhaps the uniqueness of America's contribution to the 7 can best be characterized through brief descriptions of several of the most important and best-known musicals. One of these is surely Oklahoma by Richard Rogers and Oscar Hamerstein. It burst 8 popularity in 1943. Broadway audience and critics were 9 by its 10, vitality and excitement. This "new" type of musical was 11 as kind of 12 theater in which the play, the music and lyrics, the dancing, and the scenic background were assembled not merely to provide entertainment and 13, but to 14 in a single unifying whole to contribute to its unique feature. 15, it meant that the songs and dances should 16 naturally out of the situations of the story and play an important part in carrying the action 17. In Oklahoma, an American folk-dance style was organically combined with classical ballet and modern dance. It is right to say that the musical was a brilliantly integrated performance by the talented dancers and singing actors.
　　Oklahoma also marked a new 18 in the choice of story on which a musical is based. Writers and composers began to abandon the sentimentally picturesque or aristocratic setting 19 more realistic stories in authentic social and cultural 20. Oklahoma was based on a "folk" whose story dealt not only with young love but also with the opening of the American West.
　　1Anumber　　Bamount　　Cquantity　　Dnumbers
　　2Abetter than　　Binstead of　　Cas well as　　Drather than
　　3ATherefore　　BYet　　CMoreover　　DThus
　　4Awhich　　B　that　　Cwhat　　Dhow
　　5Acharacteristically　　Bparticularly　　Cmainly　　Dexactly
　　6Afactors　　Bingredients　　Ccomposers　　Dfacts
　　7Atrait　　Bfeature　　Cgenre　　Dstyle
　　8Awith　　Binto　　Cout into　　Din
　　9Astruck　　Btouched　　Cmoved　　Dhit
　　10Avivacity　　Boriginality　　Ccreativity　　Ddynamic
　　11Aconceived　　Bthought　　Cbelieved　　Dperceived
　　12Aspecial　　Bpeculiar　　Cgross　　Dtotal
　　13Avariety　　Bamusement　　Csundries　　Dfun
　　14Amix　　Bjoin　　Cput　　Dshare
　　15AIn other words　　BTo sum up　　COn the contrary　　DGenerally speaking
　　16Aarise　　Bderive　　Craise　　Doriginate
　　17Aout　　Bon　　Cforward　　Dthrough
　　18Adirection　　Bway　　Cmethod　　Depoch
　　19Afor　　Bwith　　Cwithout　　Dexcept
　　20Acircumstances　　Bcontext　　Csituation　　Dsurroundings
　　SectionⅡReading Comprehension
　　Part A
　　Directions:
　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1(40 points)
　　Text 1
　　Many current criticisms of the role of computer and multimedia technology in the school stem from an inability to grasp the nature and importance of computer literacy and to understand how new technologies can help revitalize education. This failure to embrace new technologies as a teaching device has been preceded by an uneven and never adequate use of film and television material in the classroom. So called "media" material was often used as a supplement, or as an excuse for the teacher to take a break from the arduous activity of interacting creatively with students, and is still used in this way. Yet rarely has media literacy been taught, and imaginative use of media materials in the classroom remains all to seldom—although creative use of computer and new multimedia material highlights how older media like photographic images, video documentary, and film can also immensely enhance instruction. Within K-12 classrooms, as well as higher echelons of learning, and even in Education schools where teachers are taught how to teach, media, computer, and technological literacies are rarely discussed. However, it is to be hoped that this situation may soon be changed under the pressures of the computerization of education now underway.
　　It appears as if a form of elitist blindness has emanated from far too many of the leading educational theorists and so called experts regarding the significance and importance of recognizing the enormous role of media in the everyday lives of both teacher and student. There is also a pervasive failure to employ these common and shared materials and media in a manner that intensifies and enhances the experience of education through teaching about the semiotic (符号学的) codes and ideological frames that organize and structure so much of media culture. Further, there is a general failure in developing critical skills and analytic abilities that empower both teacher and student, providing them with the skills to analytically criticize and interpret media culture. Moreover, critical media literacy in the computer era is necessary for understanding and navigating within ever more complex technological/ideological forms that require computer and multimedia literacy so as to enable students to utilize computers, CD-ROMs, the World Wide Web, and the Internet.
　　21What is the subject of this passage?
　　AThe role of computer and multimedia in education.
　　BInadequacies in understanding and using educational technologies.
　　CThe advantages of educational technology.
　　DThe prospect of new educational technology.
　　22In the author's opinion, film and television.
　　Ahas helped revitalize education
　　Bhas been used in classroom in a imaginative way
　　Cwere used to teach media literacy
　　Dwere used in a improper way in education
　　23According to the author, some people criticize the role of computer and multimedia in the school not because.
　　Athey don't understand the great positive effect of new technologies in education
　　Bthey pay too much attention on the negative effect of multimedia
　　Cthey can't understand the nature of computer literacy
　　Dthey don't know how important computer literacy is
　　24Which of the following is not the shortage in present education?
　　ATechnological materials and media are not used to teach about the semiotic codes and ideological fames.
　　BTeachers and students are in lack of critical skills and analytic abilities.
　　CTechnological literacies are only occupied and discussed by teachers.
　　DStudents can't make fully use of computers, CD ROMs, the World Wide Web, and the Internet.
　　25We can infer from the passage that.
　　Asince new technologies have been invented, older media should be eliminated
　　Bcomputerization may worsen the present situation of education
　　Cmany educational theorists and experts haven't realize the importance of media in education
　　Dmedia culture is organized by semiotic codes and ideological frames
　　Text 2
　　Many language teachers and learners tend to ask the question: Why should we teach or learn linguistics? Since linguistics is defined as the scientific study of language, it seems obvious that such a study would help a lot in language teaching and learning, although there is much difference between linguistics and language teaching or learning in their attitudes towards language, their goals, and their methods.
　　Language is viewed as a system of forms in linguistics, but it is regarded as a set of skills in the field of language teaching. Linguistic research is concerned with the establishment of theories which explains the phenomena of language, whereas language teaching aims at the learner's mastery of language.
　　To bridge the gap between the theories of linguistics and the practice of foreign language teaching, APPLIED LINGUISTICS serves as a mediating area which interprets the results of linguistic theories and makes them user-friendly to the language teacher and learner.
　　Applied linguistics is conducive to foreign language teaching in two major aspects:
　　Firstly, applied linguistics extends theoretical linguistics in the direction of language learning and teaching, so that the teacher is enabled to make better decisions on the goal and content of the teaching. When faced with the task of designing a syllabus, the teacher has a number of choices. Should he set out to teach the language used in literary works, or that in daily communication? Should he teach the general system of the language, or a part of this system? What are the principles of compiling or choosing text book? What kind of exercises is most suitable? To answer these questions, the teacher is consciously or unconsciously using his understanding of the nature of language learning. Applied linguistics provides the teacher with a formal knowledge of the nature of language and language system, and thus increases his understanding of the nature of language learning. As a result, the teacher can make more informed decisions on what approach to take, hence what to teach.
　　Secondly, applied linguistics states the insights and implications that linguistic theories have on the language teaching methodology. Once the goal and content of the teaching are settled, the teacher has to consider questions of how to teach. Should the teaching-learning process be teacher-centred, textbook-centred, or learner-centred? How should the learner's errors be treated? What techniques should be adopted in the classroom? Since applied linguistics defines the nature of language learning in connection with various linguistic theories, it helps the teacher to choose teaching methods and techniques.
　　26.What's the passage mainly about?
　　A.The relation of linguistics to foreign language teaching.
　　B.The advantages of applied linguistics.
　　C.The methods of foreign language teaching.
　　D.The definition of applied linguistics.
　　27.Language teachers and learners should teach or learn linguistics. Because .
　　A.linguistics is the scientific study of language
　　B.the study of linguistics would help a lot in language teaching and learning
　　C.there's much difference between linguistics and language teaching or learning
　　D.language is a system of forms in linguistics
　　28.Which of the following is not true about applied linguistics?
　　A.It's one branch of linguistics.
　　B.It helps teachers to decide the content of teaching.
　　C.It's not useful to foreign language learning.
　　D.It makes the results of linguistics theories more practical.
　　29.We could infer from the text that .
　　A.applied linguistics is one subject that a teacher should teach
　　B.applied linguistics could reveal the nature of language learning
　　C.applied linguistics is too abstract for the learners to understand
　　D.the teacher-learning process should be teacher-centred
　　30.Which of the following questions applied linguistics can't solve?
　　A.What should a teacher teach?　　B.How should a teacher teach?
　　C.Why should a teacher teach?　　D.How to choose a text book?
　　Text 3
　　What will it mean to know the complete human genome. Eric Lander of MIT's Whitehead Institute compares it to the discovery of the periodic table of the elements in the late 1800s. "Genomics is now providing biology's periodic table." says Lander. "Scientists will know that every phenomenon must be explainable in terms of this meansly list" which will in on a single CD-ROM. Already researchers are extracting DNA from patients, attaching fluorescent molecules and sprinkling the sample on a glass chip whose surface is speckled with 10,000 known genes. A laser reads the fluorescence, which indicates which of the known genes on the chip are in the mystery sample from the patient. In only the last few months such "gene-expression monitoring" has diagnosed a muscle tumor in a boy thought to have leukemia, and distinguished between two kinds of cancer that require very different chemotherapy.
　　But decoding the book of life poses daunting moral dilemmas. With knowledge of our genetic code will come the power to re-engineer the human species. Biologists will be able to use the genome as a parts list much as customers scour a list of china to replace broken plates and may well let prospective parents choose their unborn child's traits. Scientists have solid leads on genes for different temperaments, body builds, statures and cognitive abilities. And if anyone still believes that parents will recoil at praying God, and leave their baby's fate in the hands of nature recall that couples have already created a frenzied market in eggs from Ivy League women.
　　Beyond the profound ethical issues are practical concerns. The easier it is to change ourselves and our children, the less society may tolerate those who do not; warns Lori Andrews of Kent College of Law. If genetic tests in uterus predict mental dullness, obesity, short stature or other undesirable traits of the moment will society disparage children whose parents let them be born with those traits? Already, Andrews finds, some nurses and doctors blame parents for bringing into the world a child whose birth defect was diagnosable before delivery; how long will it be before the same condemnation applies to cosmetic imperfections? An even greater concern is that well-intentioned choices by millions of individual parents-to-be could add up to unforeseen consequences for all of humankind. It just so happens that some disease genes also confer resistance to disease: carrying a gene for sickle cell anemia, for instance, brings resistance to malaria. Are we smart enough, and wise enough, to know how knocking out "bad" genes will affect our evolution as a species?
　　31The main similarity between the biology's periodic table and the periodic table of the elements is.
　　Athey are both lists
　　Bthey can be used to explain every phenomenon in their own fields
　　Cthey can be used to diagnose diseases
　　Dthey are both used to cure diseases
　　32In the second paragraph, "the book of life" refers to.
　　Aa book written by a prophetBa book written by a biologist
　　Cthe periodic table of the elementsDthe human genome
　　33We can infer that some couples are eager to get eggs from Ivy league women because.
　　Athey can't give birth to children
　　Bthey want to have a good-looking child
　　Cthey want to have a clever child
　　Dcuriosity drives them to do that
　　34It can be learned from the passage that.
　　A"gene-expression monitoring" is helpful in curing diseases
　　Ball of the disease genes are harmful to human beings
　　Cshort people may also be looked down upon in future
　　Dscientists are encouraged to do research on human genome
　　35The author's attitude towards knowing the complete human genome can be described as.
　　Acritical　　Bobjective　　Cpositive　　Dindifferent
　　Text 4
　　Western nations initially ignored Russia's ruthless military campaign in Chechnya to gain Moscow's support for the war on terrorism. Now, as reports of human rights abuses in the region stream in, Europe and America are losing patience.
　　Recent Amnesty International reports describe in gruesome detail the Russian military's role in the rape and trafficking of Chechen women. A 2001 U.S. State Department report on trafficking in persons described Russia as "a source country for women trafficked for prostitution." Many of those women come from war-torn Chechnya. There are also reports of Russian soldiers using Chechen civilians as human shields to storm hideouts of Chechen militias. These dreadful war crimes speak volumes to the moral bankruptcy of the Russian military establishment, and continue to fuel the Chechen yearning for independence.
　　Shortly after Sept 11, President Putin may have convinced the West to look the other way. But the tide is beginning to turn. At a January meeting of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe(PACE) in Strasbourg, Germany, a special session was included to address the crisis in Chechnya, much to the chagrin of the Russian delegation. Russian delegates mocked Chechen representative Ahmed Zakaev, calling him a representative of Osama bin Laden. During the same period, a meeting took place between Chechen diplomat Ilyas Ahmadov and representatives of the U.S. State Department. These high-profile meetings between delegates of the Chechen resistance leadership and Western leaders seem to signal the end of short-lived Western silence.
　　The Russian government's diplomatic failure to win legitimacy for its war in Chechnya and to equate it with the war in Afghanistan was also matched by a series of military blunders committed by its forces on the ground. Recently, the Russian military announced the conclusion of a sweeping crackdown on "terrorists", and claimed to have killed over 90 Chechen rebels. Shortly after the announcement, The Independent, a London-based paper, accused the Russian government of fabricating the news of the military crackdown to cover up the deaths of 15 Russian soldiers killed by friendly fire. Soon after, 14 senior Russian officials, including a deputy interior minister, were killed when their military helicopter crashed during a flight over Chechnya. The death toll included General Mikhail Rudhenko, who is in charge of security in southern Russia.
　　It may seem as if the plight of the Chechen people has no end in sight. But their determination to be free is unmistakable. Russia's atrocities in Chechnya go back to the 19th century, when the diminutive but oil-rich region was annexed to the Czarist Empire after a bloody campaign of colonization. Since then, the Chechens have endured mass deportations and massacres, and have stared genocide in the face.
　　36.Europe and America didn't blame Russia for its deeds in Chechnya mainly because.
　　A.Russia did nothing wrong in Chechnya before
　　B.they wanted to gain Russia's support for the war on terrorism
　　C.they didn't want to intervene into other countries-affairs
　　D.they were not blamed by advocates of human rights
　　37.The underlined word "fabricating" (Paragraph 4) most probably mean.
　　A.concealing　　　　　　　　　　B.reporting
　　C.inventing(in order to deceive)　　D.postponing
　　38.Which of the following is incorrect according to the passage?
　　A.President Putin hasn't convinced the west to believe that its war on Chechnya is proper.
　　B.In the western nation's opinion, the war in Chechnya is similar to that in Afghanistan.
　　C.Chechnya didn't belong to Russia two centuries ago.
　　D.The Chechens have suffered a lot under the rule of Russia.
　　39.We can infer that.
　　A.Western nations will blame Russia for its ruthlessness in Chechnya
　　B.Russia will stop military crackdown in Chechnya
　　C.Chechnya will be liberated a few years later
　　D.Chechnya may become an ally of western states in future
　　40.The author's attitudes towards the Chechens is.
　　A.neutralB.indifferentC.sympatheticD.critical
　　Part B
　　Directions:
　　In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.
　　The Easter we celebrate today is a combination of different traditions. Partly, it comes from old festivals to celebrate Spring. And partly it comes from the Christian celebration of the rebirth of Jesus Christ.
　　41)__________________________________________________________.
　　42)___________________________________________________________.
　　The celebrations of Easter have many customs and legends that have nothing to do with Christianity. Of all the symbols associated with Easter, the egg, the symbol of richness and new life, is the most important. The customs and traditions of using eggs have been associated with Easter for centuries.
　　Originally, Easter eggs were painted with bright colors to represent the sunlight of spring and were used in Easter-egg rolling contests or given as gifts. After they were colored and printed with various designs, the eggs were exchanged by lovers and romantic admirers. In the Middle Ages, eggs were traditionally given at Easter to the servants. In Germany, eggs were given to children along with other Easter gifts.
　　Different cultures have developed their own ways of decorating Easter eggs. Deep red colored eggs, to honor the blood of Christ, are exchanged in Greece. 43)_________.
　　In Germany and other countries eggs used for cooking were not broken, but the contents were removed by making a hole from the end of each egg with a needle and blowing the contents into a bowl. The hollow eggs were dyed and hung from trees during the Easter Week. 44)_____________________________________.
　　As with the Easter Rabbit and the holiday itself, the Easter Egg predates the Christian holiday of Easter. The exchange of eggs in the springtime is a custom that was centuries old when Easter was first celebrated by Christians.
　　45)____________________________________________________.
　　Today, children hunt colored eggs and place them in Easter baskets along with the modern version of real Easter eggs, those made of plastic or chocolate candy.
　　[A]In parts of Germany and Austria green eggs are used on Thursday of the Holy Week10.
　　[B]Eggs play an important part in Easter sports. The Romans celebrated the Easter season by running races on an oval 16 track and giving eggs as prizes.
　　[C]As a chief Christian festival, Easter is celebrated on the first Sunday after the first full moon after the 1st day of Spring. It can be as early as March 22, or as late as April 25! Many dates of the Christian calendar are dependent on Easter.
　　[D]Easter egg hunts are also part of a community's celebration of the holiday.
　　[E]Most people agree that the word "Easter" comes from the Anglo-Saxon Goddess Eastre, a symbol of Spring. It is easy to see how "Eastre time" became "Easter time".
　　[F]The Armenians would decorate hollow eggs with pictures of Christ, the Virgin Mary, and other religious designs.
　　[G]From the earliest times, the egg was a symbol of rebirth in most cultures. Eggs were often wrapped14 in gold leaf or, if you were a peasant, colored brightly by boiling them with the leaves or petals15 of certain flowers.
　　Part C
　　Directions:
　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
　　46) Extraordinary claims, scientists like to say, require extraordinary proof, and none has been more extraordinary in recent years than Scottish embryologist Ian Wilmut's claim that he and his colleagues had cloned a sheep named Dolly from a mammary cell of a pregnant ewe. 47) More than a year later, nobody has managed to reproduce the Dolly experiment, and Wilmut is under growing pressure to prove that his famous sheep is what he says she is. Last week at a genetics meeting at the University of Louisville, in Kentucky, he blandly conceded that there was a "remote possibility" that there could have been a mix-up that Dolly could turn out to be the clone not of the adult ewe, but of the fetus the ewe was carrying.
　　So does that mean all the cloning hoopla Dolly set off was for naught? Not quite. 48)What Wilmut is conceding is that Dolly's mum or should we say her twin sister probably had some fetal cells circulating in her bloodstream, and that one of these fetal cells could conceivably have found its way into the laboratory culture from which Dolly sprang. Cloning an embryo from a fetal cell, of course, would not be as big a deal. What made the Dolly experiment so extraordinary was that Wilmut had managed to get the DNA of an adult cell to revert to its early embryonic state, opening the door to the cloning of a cell from full-grown human, say, a Michael Jordan or a Bill Gates.
　　49) Wilmut last week put the chances that Dolly was some sort of fetal-cell contamination at less than a million to one. Nonetheless, he and his colleagues are scrambling to track down any other tissue samples taken from Dolly's mum so they can perform the genetic tests that will determine, once and for all, if Dolly's DNA and her mum's DNA are identical.
　　Meanwhile, scientists trying to make another Dolly or her bovine equivalent have come intriguingly close. For example, James Robl, at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst, and his colleague Steven Stice have succeeded in cloning calf embryos from adult cells taken from a big, hoofed cow leg supplied by a local slaughterhouse. So far they've cloned hundreds of cells and nurtured dozens into embryos, but to date none of those embryos has survived past 60 days of gestation.
　　But this comes as no surprise, says Stice, the chief scientist for Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Mass.After all, it took Wilmut's team 400 tries to create Dolly. Others attempting to reproduce the experiment could very easily find it takes 6,000 tries. Dolly, in other words, may turn out to be a fluke, not a fake. 50)No matter what she is, it's looking less and less likely that we're going to see clones of Bill Gates or Michael Jordan anytime soon.
　　Section Ⅲ Writing
　　Part A
　　51.Directions:
　　Suppose you've graduated and been in a corporation for one year. Write a work report as every new comer is required. There will be three parts in the report:
　　1)benefits from the year
　　2)troubles that you came across during the year
　　3)drawbacks of the corporation or your suggestion to the corporation.
　　You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the report. Use "Jack Well" instead. (10 points)
　　Part B
　　52.Directions:
　　(1)Title: Help Children to Be Independent
　　(2)Your composition should be based on the Outlines below.
　　Outlines:
　　(1)Many children are used to depending on others
　　(2)How can parents help children to be independent
　　(3)With parents' help children can be independent gradually

参　考　答　案

　　Section Ⅱ Use of English 　　1Dnumbers
　　四个选项都可表示“许多”“大量”的意思，但用法不同。
　　A项 a number of 只修饰可数名词。
　　B项 a large amount of 只修饰不可数名词，如：a large amount of money.
　　C项 a quantity of， large quantities of 既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词。
　　D项 large numbers of 只修饰可数名词。
　　2Cas well as
　　A项 better than“比……更好”。B项 instead of“代替”。C项 as well as“同；和；并；也”。D项 rather than“不顾，而不”。
　　根据上下文，此处填入的词应表示“和……一样”的意思，所以正确答案为C项。
　　3BYet
　　前一句是说“美国创作出大量国内外都很流行的音乐剧”，而后一句指出“很难解释音乐剧新在何处，或者其美国特色”，两句间存在着意思上的转折，所以应该选B项Yet；而 therefore、thus 表示因果关系；moreover 表示递进关系。
　　4Cwhat
　　5Acharacteristically
　　此处所缺之词在下文中可找到答案。Perhaps the uniqueness of America's contribution to the genre can best be characterized through brief…，美国音乐剧具有独特的美国特色。所以应选A项。
　　6Bingredient
　　factor的意思是“因素，要素”。ingredient意思是“成分；原料”；composer意思是“作曲者，作者”；fact的意思是“事实”。根据题意，“美国音乐剧的组成成分有了几个世纪的历史”，所以，只有B项ingredient符合题意。
　　7Cgenre
　　A项trait“特点，特色”。B项feature“特点；特别节目，专栏”。C项genre“类型”（尤指诗歌、戏剧、小说等文学上的形式）。D项style“文体”尤指（某一艺术家或某一时间艺术的特殊风格）。
　　根据题意，美国对于音乐剧这一艺术“类型”做出了独一无二的贡献，所以选C项genre.
　　8Binto
　　此题考查动介词搭配
　　A项burst with“饱满，满盈”，如：They were bursting with happiness.他们乐不可支。
　　B项burst into“突然发生”，如：burst into tears/song/angry speech.
　　C项burst out into“大声地说，咆哮地说”，如：He burst out into threats.他突然大声威胁。
　　D项burst in“突然插嘴，突然进入”，如：Stop him bursting in.别让他打岔。
　　由上下文可知，音乐剧在1943年突然流行起来，所以应为burst into popularity.
　　9Astruck
　　该句意思是“Broadway的观众和批评家被音乐剧迷住了”，最佳答案应为A项struck（对身体或心灵产生某种效果）；而touch、move意为“感动（某人）”，程度均不如strike强烈；hit意为“打击，碰，撞”
　　10Boriginality
　　由文章第一句话可得到提示：“…the modern musical show is America's most original and dynamic contribution towards theater”。此外，该句下一句“This new type of musical…”也有暗示，所以正确答案应为B项originality（新颖，独创）。vivacity意为“活泼，精神充沛”；dynamic意为“原动力”；creativity意为“创造力”。
　　11Aconceived
　　be conceived as意思是“被想象成，被认为是”；think、believe后一般不接as而接to be.
　　perceive为正式用法，意思是“感觉”，如：On entering his house， we at once perceived him to be a man of taste.我们一进他的房子，立即感觉到他是一个品味高雅的人。
　　12Dtotal
　　此句中theatre的意思不是“剧院”，而是“戏剧”，音乐剧被认为是一种“全方位的（total）”戏剧形式，而非special（特殊的），peculiar（奇怪的），或gross（总体的）。
　　13Avariety
　　根据上文，由于音乐剧溶剧目、音乐、抒情诗、舞蹈和舞台背景于一体，所以它不仅具有娱乐性，还具有多样性。amusement， fun仍为娱乐性；sundries意为“杂物，杂项”，不符合题意。
　　14Dshare
　　A项mix混合，多为及物动词，用在“mix…with…”中。B项join in“参与，参加”。C项put in“提出，停泊”。D项share in“共享，分摊”。
　　根据文意，音乐剧众多成分集中起来，构成一个整体，形成了它独一无二的特征，最佳答案为D项。
　　15AIn other words
　　根据上下文，这一句是对前文的进一步补充说明，所以to sum up（总结，概括）；on the contrary（正好相反）；generally speaking（一般说来），均不合题意，只有in other words（换句话说）表示进一步解释说明。
　　16Aarise
　　A项arise out of“由……中产生”。B项derive多用在derive from中（源出，起源）。C项raise通常为及物动词。D项originate多用在originate from中意为“发源，发起”。
　　17Cforward
　　A项carry out“实行，完成”。B项carry on“进行，经营”。C项carry forward“使……前进”。D项carry through“帮助（渡过难关等）；完成”，例如：Their courage will carry them through.他们的勇气将会使他们渡过难关。
　　根据题意，音乐剧中的音乐和舞蹈对推动剧情发展起着重要作用，所以最佳答案为C项。
　　18Adirection
　　对比四个选项，与mark搭配适当的选项，只有direction和epoch，而mark a new epoch（标志着一个新的时代）用在这里显然不合适。原文的意思是“Oklahoma标志着选择音乐剧故事的一个新的方向”，最佳答案只有A项direction.
　　19Afor
　　abandon…for…意思是“放弃……而选择……”
　　20Bcontext
　　circumstances意思是“环境，情况”；context意思是“某一事件发生的环境，背景”；situation意思是“位置，形势”；surroundings意思是“周围的事物，环境”；原文是说社会和文化背景，相比之下，context更合适。
　　Section II Reading Comprehension
　　Text 1
　　词语注释
　　multimedia a.多媒体的stem v.起源于
　　literacy n.读写的能力revitalize v.使恢复活力
　　adequate a.适当的arduous a.费力的
　　echelon n.阶层elitist a.具有高人一等优越感的
　　emanate v.发现，流出pervasive a.遍布的，流行的
　　empower v.授权，允许，使能够utilize v.利用
　　文章概要
　　本文主要讲述了教学技术在教学过程中的不合理运用。
　　Para.1：影视、计算机等教学技术没有在教学中得到充分的利用。
　　Para.2：教学过程中缺乏对主体关于教学技术使用方法批判分析性理念的教育。
　　答案点评
　　21B纵览全文便不难发现本文主要讲的是对教学技术的一些不合理的应用，而不是讲这些教学技术的优缺点或是前景。
　　22D本文提及电影及电视在教学中的应用时主要是讲它们以一种不恰当的方式被用于教学。这一点从“never adequate use of film and television material in the classroom”及后面的表述可以看出，因此D是正确的。选项B与C可由“Yet rarely has media literacy been taught，and imaginative use of media materials in the classroom remains all-to-seldom.”否定；而选项A从作者的表述来看也是不可能的。
　　23B选项A、C、D都可以从文章的第一句话中直接看出或推出，而选项B作者并未提到。
　　24C只要读懂最后一段几个复合句，就不难找出A与B是教育中的缺陷，根据文章的最后一句话及前面的“Yet rarely has media literacy been taught”可推出D的结论。C是错误的因为“even in Education schools where teachers are taught how to teach…technological literacies are rarely discussed”。
　　25C第一段作者指出“older media…can also immensely enhance instruction，”因此A说旧媒体应被淘汰是错误的；从第一段最后一句可知B中“worsen”不对；文中第二段指出“semiotic codes and ideological fames”“organize and structure so much of media culture.”但这并不能推出D的结论；C可由第二段第一句话推出，是正确的。
　　Text 2
　　词语注释
　　mediate v.调解；促成；传递conducive a.促成的；有益的；有助于……的
　　syllabus n.摘要；教学大纲compile v.编纂；编辑
　　hence adv.从此；因此；所以methodology n.方法论，方法学
　　文章概要
　　本文主要阐述了语言学特别是应用语言学对外语教学的利导作用。
　　Para.1：语言学对语言教学有巨大帮助作用。
　　Para.2-3：语言学与语言教学所指向内容的比较。
　　Para.4-5：应用语言学对外语教学有利导作用，首先它能帮教师确定教学目标及内容。
　　Para.6：应用语言学能帮助教师选择教学方法及技术。
　　答案点评
　　26.A全文主要讲述了语言学与外语教学的关系，并以应用语言学为例。
　　27.B从第一段第二句“…it seems obvious that such a study would help a lot in language teaching and learning”可判断，B项最合题意。
　　28C从上下文很容易能排除A、B、D.
　　29B根据第五段倒数第二句“Applied linguistics provides the teacher with a formal knowledge of the nature of language and language system， and thus increases his understanding of the nature of language learning.”可选择B.
　　30C五、六段分别提到了A、B、D，根据排除法，C为正确答案。
　　Text 3
　　词语注释
　　periodic a.周期的extract n.v.摘取，摘录
　　sprinkle v.洒，撒布leukemia n.白血病
　　chemotherapy n.化疗法decode v.解（码），破译
　　daunting a.使气馁的scour v.搜索
　　recoil v.退动，退缩frenzied a.狂乱的，狂热的
　　obesity n.肥胖disparage v.轻视，蔑视
　　cosmetic a.表面的confer v.颁给，赋予
　　文章概要
　　本文主要讲述了整个人类基因组解读后可能产生的后果。
　　Para.1：了解整个人类基因组带来的有利影响。
　　Para.2：解读整个人类基因组有伦理上可能产生的负面效应。
　　Para.3：整个人类基因组解读后对实际生活可能产生不利的后果。
　　答案点评
　　31B从第一段前半部分可以看出，生物学的周期表可用来解释生物学中的所有现象，而化学元素周期表可用来解释化学现象，这是两者的主要相似之处。
　　32D从文章第一句“What will it mean to know the complete human genome？”及文章可见本文主要讲了解整个人类基因组将可能产生的后果，因此“decoding the book of life”指的就是了解人类基因组。
　　33C本段主要讲了解基因组可能导致的伦理问题——父母可能根据自己意愿选择未出世孩子的特征，而根据常识，“Ivy League”代表的是美国名校，因此可以推出有些夫妇想要“eggs from Ivy League women”主要是想要聪明的孩子。
　　34C文章只表明“基因表达监测器”可用来诊断疾病，但未说可用来治疗疾病，所以A不正确，最后一段末尾说明某些致病基因可使携带者有抵抗其他疾病的能力，因此B也不正确，第二段第一句中的“daunting”（使失去勇气或信心的）表明D错误。由最后一段可以看出，基因技术的发展会使改变孩子变得容易，因此C.身材矮小的人将来也可能被歧视，是对的。
　　35B第一段讲的是解读人类基因组的有利方面，随后讲的是其不利影响，可见作者的态度是客观的。
　　Text 4
　　词语注释
　　initially ad.开始，起初gruesome a.可怕的，令人嫌恶的
　　traffic n.贸易、买卖、交易hideout n.藏匿所，巢穴
　　militia n.民兵bankruptcy n.完全丧失（智力或名誉）
　　fuel v.支持，刺激yearning n.渴望，向往
　　chagrin n.懊恼，苦恼legitimacy n.合法，正当
　　blunder n.错误，大错crackdown n.镇压，痛击
　　fabricate vt.伪造，捏造deputy n.副官
　　plight n.苦境，（恶劣的）情势atrocity n.暴行
　　diminutive a.小的annex vt.霸占，侵吞，合并
　　colonization n.开拓殖民地
　　文章概要
　　本文主要批评俄国在车臣问题上的军事暴行。
　　Para.1：欧美对俄国在车臣的军事暴行失去了耐心。
　　Para.2：俄军对车臣实施的暴行。
　　Para.3：西方对俄军在车臣的行为开始不再沉默。
　　Para.4：俄国在外交上失利，舆论上遭到抨击。
　　Para.5：车臣人民过着苦难的生活。
　　答案点评
　　36B从文章第一段可以看出西方国家一开始不理会俄国军队在车臣的暴行主要是为了获取俄国政府对其反恐怖战争的支持，即选项B.
　　37.C本段主要是讲俄国部队犯下的一系列错误。俄军声明在对“恐怖分子”的一次军事打击中，共有90名车臣叛军丧生，而随后一份伦敦报纸指控俄国政府“fabricating”军事打击的消息以掩盖15名俄军被自己人打死的事实。因此“fabricating”最贴切的意思为“捏造，伪造”。即选项C.inverting（in order to deceive）。
　　38.B车臣地区19世纪才被吞并到俄国版图中，因此C是正确的；选项D也可以由最后一段看出。从第四段第一句“The Russian government's diplomatic failure to win legitimacy for its war in Chechnya and to equate it with the war in Afghanistan……”可知选项A是正确的，而B是错误的。本题要求选不正确的，因此应选B.</P　　9.A选项A可从第一段中“EUROPE to America are losing patience”及第三段中“These highprofile meetings between delegates Chechen resistance leadership and leaders seem signal the end of shortlived Western silence.”看出。而选项B.俄国将停止对车臣的军事打击，C.车臣在几年后就将获得解放，以及D.车臣将成为西方国家的盟友在文中都看不出来。
　　40.C文中在很多地方描述了俄军在车臣的暴行及车臣人民的苦难经历，可见作者对车臣人民是持同情态度的。

　　Part B

　　答案解析
　　41.E由整个文章的内容看，41、42两处应是对复活节的概括性介绍。从备选项看，C和E应是符合的答案。C讲的是复活节的具体时间，E讲的是复活节名字的来历。从行文逻辑来判断，E应在C前面，因此此处选E.
　　42.C见41解析。
　　43.A由上文可知，此段讲的是不同的文化有其独特的复活节彩蛋装饰方法，并列举了希腊的情况，因此，此处也应是具体例子，A和F可作为备选，但由上文的Deep red colored eggs来看A的green eggs更好地与之形成对照，因此A是正确答案。
　　44.F此题重点词是hollow eggs，上文提到德国等国装饰空蛋壳的方法，而F说的是亚美尼亚人的做法。
　　45.G由上文知，此段应讲述鸡蛋作为复活节庆祝一部分的来历。根据下文的Today，G的From the earliest times是具有提示性的时间词。
　　文章大意：本文讲述的是复活节彩蛋的故事。涉及彩蛋的习俗与传统是复活节庆祝活动的重要组成部分，本文介绍了这一传统的由来和在不同文化中的不同表现方式。
　　Part C
　　参考译文
　　46.科学家们常说，非同一般的论断需要非同一般的证据来证实。而近年来，最不同凡响的论断莫过于苏格兰胚胎学家伊恩·威尔姆特所说的话了——他宣布，他和他的同事们用一只受孕的母羊的一个乳房细胞“克隆”出了一只名叫“多利”的小羊。
　　47.一年多之后，由于没有人能够重复多利实验，威尔姆特经受的压力越来越大，他必须证明他那著名的小羊羔是名副其实的“克隆羊”。
　　48.威尔姆特所承认的是，在多利母亲（或许应称为其孪生姐妹）的血液中有一些胎细胞；可以想像其中的某一个被送进了实验室的培养基中，而最终成了“多利”。
　　49.上周，威尔姆特指出，多利是受胎细胞污染的产物的可能性小于百万分之一。
　　50.不管多利是什么，我们很快就能看到比尔·盖茨或迈克尔·乔丹的克隆体的可能性是越来越小了。
　　Section Ⅲ Writing
　　参考作文
　　51.
　　Work Report
　　How time flies. I've been graduated and worked in the corporation for a year. This year, I've undergone many changes, and learned the whole procedure of making negotiations. After several rounds of negotiations, I learned to be the manager of my mood, and the skills to talk.
　　Still there are many troubles during the year. At first I didn't know how to adjust the totally new work environment, as a corporation is totally different with a school. And it needs time for me to be used to working for 8 hours.
　　And there's also a piece of advice to the corporation. It seems that colleges are not familiar among themselves, especially we new comers. Things would be better if there are more activities organized by the corporation.

　　 Jack Well

　　 May 15th. 2004

　　52.
　　Help Children Be Independent
　　Today in China, many families have only one child. So the children are usually doted upon by all family members. Gradually some of them are used to depending on their parents and lack the ability to solve problems independently.
　　Then, how can parents help children to be independent?
　　Firstly, the child should have a chance to see the world around him. He must understand that there're various competitions in this world, and everyone can find his right position in the society only by individual efforts.
　　Secondly, the parents should give the child enough help to make him feel comfortable. It's impossible to ask a child not to depend on parents at once. A child needs help from the beginning. Without any help, the child may lose his faith.
　　Thirdly, parents should let his child make decisions, which can temper（调和,缓和） his ability to deal with problems. A child should be praised when he is successful or when he fails.
　　In one word, with the help of parents, children can be independent gradually. Every child must try to become a man to meet the needs of society.