ella

exercise:
1. i just sold a piece of furniture.
    who's going to chair the meeting.
    不可数名词：advice  news equipment music imformation
    he refused to take my advice.  i will take your advice.  he gave me a good piece of advice.
    that's good news.   that's a good piece of news.
    we need more equipment.  --- a piece of equipment.
    that's good music.
    we have collected a lot of imformation on the subject/project.
    sold out  ---- i'm sorry, but we have sold out this book.
                   ----he sold out his friend.
    on sale   ----this watch is on sale for 2$ only.

2. he buys inexpensive clothes in order to save money.
    John is cheap.   ----John is stingy.

3.running helps me to stay healthy.
   he helped (me to) write the letter.

4.talk softly, so as not to wake up my sleeping brother.
   i left in order not to see her.

5.this car is a piece of junk.

6. don't be a litterbug, put your rubbish in the trash can.

ella

m: why is there so much garbage in the street, mum?
f:  because there're many litterbugs.
m: what are litterbugs?
f:  they're people who don't put their rubbish in trash cans.


litter:litterbug:--litterer
he littered the  room with newspapers.
you are a litterbug.
he is a road hog(自私的司机, 鲁莽的驾驶员).
he is a jaywalker(乱穿马路的人).

garbage---rubbish:
there's a piece of garbage there.
some garbage / a piece of garbage / a lot of garbage

in the street:
i live on that street.
he is walking in the street. it's dangerous to walk in the street.

trash can = garbage can = garbage bin=wastebin

what do you think of his writting ability?
it's awful.------it's trash. / rubbish. / junk.

ella

1. more and more people are treating used material so that it can be reused.
    Sam left work early so that he could take his son to a baseball game.
    i have to stay up late last night in order to finish writing this report.
    Carl exercises everyday so as not to get fat.

2.There is no doubt that recycling helps save our precious natural resources.
    policeman helped us against criminals.
    my mother often helps me study for my exams.
    Nancy usually helps her sister do her choise.

ella

Garbage disposal is a major problem in most cities around the world.
Finding places for garbage is getting more and more difficult.
Recycling is, therefore, becoming very popular.
In other words, more and more people are treating used material so that it can be reused.
There is no doubt that recycling helps save our precious (宝贵的,珍贵的) natural resources.
It is in our own best interest to recycle.


recycle:
newspapers can be  recycled.
he is reading a newspaper. / two newspapers.
go buy me a newspaper, please.
come see me when you have time.

around the world = across the world
garbage:不可数名词
i saw a lot of garbage there.
i found a piece of garbage here.
don't dump garbage here.
don't throw garbage here.
he is dumped by his girlfriend.

dispose of ...
how should we dispose of this problem?
he has a good way to dispose of this garbage.

动名词做主语
working with him is pleasant.
climbing mountains is good.

get:
after taking the medicine, he got well.
he got ill / sick /mad/ angry.
she is getting more and more beautiful.
it's getting hotter and hotter.
his english is getting better and better.

therefore / however:
he is nice, however ,i don't like him.=he is nice, i,however , don't like him.
he is nice, therefore,i  like him very much.  = he is nice, i, therefore , like him very much.

he is popular with us.
the man is very helpful,he's very nice.that's why we all like him. that's why he is so popular with us.

so that:
you must study hard so that you can pass the exam.
i get up early everyday so that i may see her.
=i get up early everyday in order  that i may see her.
=i get up early everyday in order  to see her./ so as to see her.

no doubt:
there's no doubt that he is a nice man.
no doubt he is a nice man.

help:
he helped (to) write the letter.
he helped me (to) write the letter.

It is in your own best interest to be nice to people.
It is in your own best interest to study hard.

ella

f:  boy! it's really stuffy in here.
m: you are right. we need some fresh air.
f:  let's turn on the air-con.
m: why not just oprn the window?
f:  that's even better.


--hello,my name is John, i'm studying in a senior high scholl, glad to see you. how long will you be here?

in here
here /there 为副词，前不能有介词
you should come here. / go there./ go to school. /go to the station.
i 'll go to the station to see my friend off.
i 'll go there to see my friend off.
i' ll come home. don't worry.
here / there 也可以做宾语，在in  的后面时，表示在房间里室内
hey~JOhn,i'm here ,and he is there.  (室外)
i'm in here, he is in there. (在。。。里面，室内)

boy!:哇，乖乖~后面句子可以用倒装。
boy! is she beautiful! = boy, she is beautiful.
boy , is it really stuffy in here!

need:
做动词  i need your help.
              i need your cooperation.
做名词i'm in need of your help.

fresh 刚回来
i'm fresh grom a trip to Japan.
he is fresh.  形容人表示很粗鲁。 =he is rude.
he is fresh, that's why i don't like him.

turn on / tur off
turn on the radio   turn on the tv
let's run on the lights.
turn off the lights before you leave.
open the window~
it's raining now, please close / shut the windows.

why not...?
---you should stay home and study tonight, John.
---why do i have to stay home and study?  = ---why stay home and study?
you should do it right now?   ---why do it ?
you can't do it.                      ---why not do it?

1.did you just see a cute young child pass by here?
   he is a good-looking boy/ young man.
   that cute small child is my brother.
   that kind old lady is my mother.
2.Paul finally got angry.
   Paul finally made me angry.
3.Al is getting more and more generous.
4.Nancy and Jill will come here late tonight.
5.why not take the bus to school?
6.if you are too fat, why not just go on a diet?

xuyongan3

I'm very happy ,i can download  it  again . Thank you so much .

[ 本帖最后由 xuyongan3 于 2006-8-23 06:28 PM 编辑 ]

ella

get headache: = have headache
i had a headache yesterday.

crowed (with):
the station is crowed on holidays.
where's John?   -----well, he is on holiday./on vacation.
the station is crowed with passengers.
the classroom is crowed with students.

stuffy:
it's stuffy in the classroom.

breathe:v.
i love to live in the country, because i can breathe fresh air there.

get-->become
you'll get sick if you don't take my advice.
you shouldn't go out when it's raining. if you go out, you 'll get sick.
get +n.
i got the answer.
i got the letter.
get + adj.---------well / ill  / sick  / angry / mad
he got well after taking this medicine.
he got ill, he got sick.
he got angry. he got mad.

for a long time
he has been living here for a long time.
he has been studying english for a long time.

lung  n. everyone has two lungs.
        adj. he got lung cancer.

die ----> die of         he died of lung cancer.
               dying         the patient is dying.
                                 i'm dying to see him.= i 'm eager to see him.

for the sake of ... = for ...'s sake:
he is a miser. he does everything for the sake of money.
=he is a miser. he does everything for money's sake.

do our part 尽我们的本分

substitution:
1.Marry becomes happy when she sees you.
   Ellas became sad and started to cry.
   i suddenly become hungry when i smelled the delicious food.
  the food is delicious. / inviting.

2.this is a dirty, smelly bus.
   you are a rude, disgusting man.
   Martha's son is a hard-working, intelligent young man.

[ 本帖最后由 ella 于 2006-8-24 12:47 PM 编辑 ]

ella

much of the land has been polluted.
the air is polluted; the water is polluted.


lesson 103 air pollution
Why do people get headaches in a crowded stuffy room?
Because they are breathing bad air.
People who breathe bad air for a long time can get really sick.
They may even get lung cancer and die.
People need fresh air.
Fresh air cleans the blood.
For our health's sake, we should all, therefore, do our part to fight against air pollution.

[ 本帖最后由 ella 于 2006-8-24 12:32 PM 编辑 ]

ella

f:  how come you have the same first name as your father?
m :i was named after him.
f:  what about your sister?
m: she was named after my grandmother.


问句结构：
why is he crying?(倒装) = how come he is crying?（不倒装）
why did he leave?          = how come he left?
why will he do it?            = how come he will do it?
how come you have the same first name as your father?=why do you have the same first name as your father?

the same...as:
i have the same bicycle as yours.= i have the same bicycle as you do.= i have the same bicycle as you.

name after:
last name:  姓       family name: 姓      surname: 姓       first name: 名        given name: 名

what about....?
every one will go to the movies, what about / how about me?
---marry, let's go to the moves tonight.   ----what about my brother?   ---i don't want him to spoil the atmosphere.   
what about going to the movies tonight?
what about going dancing tonight?


1.Bob has the same name as his grandfather.----he was named after his grandfather.
2.he is said to be from the south.-------------------it is said that he is from the south.
3.it is said that Paris is a beautiful city.-------------Paris is said to be a beautiful city.
4.how come you are always late ?
5.Charly drives the same car as yours.

[ 本帖最后由 ella 于 2006-8-23 05:03 PM 编辑 ]

ella

ella

ella

1.travelers from China are believed to have got there first.
  Michael Jackson is said to love Assia.

2.Washington d.c. was named after Washington.
    in American, the first son is often named after father.
    were you named after anyone?

ella

did the Italian explorer C.Columbus really discover America?
it's believed that travelers from China  got there first.
they crossed the Pacific to Mexico in the fifth century.
in fact, Columbus landed in the Bahamas in 1492, and never got to North America.
America was not even named after C.Columbus ,it was named after the America Ves. who landed in America in the late fifteenth century.


America(美洲)
North America    South America    Central Amerinca

he came here at 7.
did he come here at 7?
did he study hard?
did you have money?
did you know him?

he studies hard.it's true.= it's true that he studies hard.
he got to the station at 5.
it is said that he speaks english well.=he is said to speak english well.
it is said that he is a good student=he is said to be a good student.
it is said that he spoke english well.=he is said to have spoken english well.
it's believed that travelers from China  got there first.=travelers from China are believed to have got there first.

in the Bahamas 巴哈马群岛

ella

ella

ella

ella

ella

---how much money do you have?
---i have 2 hundred dollars.

by now we should be able to speak english to some extend.
if you still think you are hardly able to speak english ,now it's the time you should start all over again.
what i mean is that you should read all the lessons that we've taught you.
reread these lessons now and then, talk to youself,use all the words or idioms you can find in the text books.


lesson 100 turn right
f:  excuse me!could you tell me the way to the post office,please?
m: sure! just walk down the street untill you get to the police station.then turn right and keep going for about two blocks. the post office is just across from the bank.
f:  thanks a lot.


excuse me c.f. i am sorry
i am sorry.but i have broken your glass.
excuse me!could you show / tell me the way to the station,please?

untill:
stay here untill i come back.
you can't leave ubtill i come back.

go to : & get to
i will go to the station to see my friend off.
by the time i got to the station, he was gone.

block =intersection(十字路口)
keep learning english / singing/ dancing / untill i come back.
across (the street) from the bank

our shcool is just across from the post office.
the bank is just across from our school.

1.can i have some cooked fish, please?
2.i find it fun to watch foreign movies.
3.travelling can be very interesting.
4.i found an interesting book yesterday.
5.i found it rewarding ....
6.turn right when you arrive First Street.

ella

being in an unfamiliar city can be frightening, and finding an adress can be like looking for a needle in a haystack(字：大干草堆)(词：大海捞针).
don't get angry.just ask someone for directions.
however, city people usually give directions very quickly.
you may find it difficult to follow what they're saying.
therefore, you'd better draw the route on your map as you're listening to the directions.


ask for:
can i ask him for help?

动名词做主语c.f.不定式短语做主语：
collecting stamps is my hobby.
to learn / master english is my purpose.

can :
can he come this afternoon?

~ed c.f. ~ing:
he asked me a comfusing question.(i was comfused.)
i was frightened when i saw my father.

like:
he is like my brother.
i like it.

get angry = be angry
Don't get angry.=Don't be angry.=Don't become angry.
Peter is getting angry with Marry.
i was angry at the report.

i am lost. i don't know where the station is. don't worry. just ask someone for directions.

usually :
i usually get up at 7am.
usually  i get up at 7 in the morning.
when do you usually get up?
when do you usually go to bed?

follow:= understand
i am sorry, but i can't follow you.
do you follow me?=do you understand me?
follow me! 跟我走

find /think
i find/ think him interesting.
i find him a nice man.
i find it interesting to learn english.

ROUTE

substitution:
1. travelling long distance by train can be  tiring.
    studying hard is rewarding.
    climbing mountain is very exciting.

2. Marry finds her job a challenge.
    i thought the job very easy.
    i think it rude to interrupt.

ella

3. Jill rides the bus to work every day.
    Jill takes the bus to work every day.
    Jill takes a taxi to work every day.
     let's go for a ride this afternoon.(兜风)
     let's go for a walk in the park.
     can i have a ride? (搭车)
     no problem. hop in.

4. according to lesson 98, which is true?
    it's convenient to travel by taxi.
    a taxi ride is not expensive.
    travelling by taxi is very slow.
    all taxis are pink.
    he is in the pink.= he is healthy.

5. according to lesson 97, which is not true?
     tipping is not expected.
     a taxi driver knows the city well./ like the back of his hand
     travelling by taxi is very convenient.
     taxis are expensive.

6. i will talk to you later. i will have to catch a bus in 10 minutes.

[ 本帖最后由 ella 于 2006-8-20 09:01 AM 编辑 ]