专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(07)a 四级, 语法, 词汇, 专业, 解答

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Test Seven
形容词层迭修饰时的顺序几个属于不同层次的形容词作修饰语时，其词序一般按下列顺序排列：限定词→表示说话人评价的形容词→表示大小、形状、新旧的形容词→表示颜色的形容词→表示国别、来源、材料的形容词→表示用途或目的的形容词→名词中心词。例如：
the town’s charming old English church
a wellknown German medical school
the man’s first two interesting little red French oil paintings
近义词辨析
bother, disturb, trouble, worry
这组词均含有“不停地烦扰他人或搞得某人心神不宁”的意思。
bother和disturb常用于主动和被动两种形式中。用于被动时，bother指常受到时有时无的小事的烦扰。用于主动时，bother的意思比disturb强，带有故意打扰他人的意思。
If you return me the book, I will stop bothering you.你归还我的书后，我就不打扰你了。
disturb用于被动形式时，意思比bother强烈，有时甚至可指精神错乱。用在主动形式时，意思最弱，指某人无意中打扰他人，这种打扰行为并非存心冲着他人去的。
The man was mentally disturbed.这个人精神错乱了。
trouble和worry主要用于被动，指被某事搞得心神不宁。
trouble比worry稍正式些，指麻烦别人一件事而影响他人舒适、方便、效率、健康或心境的平静等。
May I trouble you for the book?麻烦您把书递给我好吗?
worry主要指因对某事的结果没有把握而焦虑不安，还可指某人沉浸在软弱无助的情绪或思虑中。
Worrying about your health can make you sick.经常担心你的健康，会使你生病的。

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试题答案与解析

1. A)【句意】白天的工作不顺心，回到家里拿老婆孩子出气，这是不公平的。

【难点】take it out on sb. 意为“拿某人出气”，其中it是无人称代词，无所指，这是一个固定的结构。

2. B)【句意】由于害怕孩子感冒，她在孩子身上又盖了一条毯子。

【难点】for fear that 后接虚拟语气，（should）+动词原形。

3. C)【句意】我们的教师建议我们参观博物馆的时候注意力应尽可能集中。

【难点】recommend,command ,suggest 等词后接的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。

4. B)【句意】你没有权力干涉我们的事情。

【难点】have no business doing /to do something 意为“没有权力，没有理由做某事”

5. C)【句意】利率再次下调旨在促进国内投资。

【难点】be meant to do 意为“旨在做”；mean to do 意为“打算做，企图做”；lead to 意为“导致”，后接名词。

6. A)【句意】像直接邮件、无线电、电视和报纸这样的广告媒介一直被用来促进工业品的销售。

【难点】根据句意，应用完成时的被动语态，media 是medium 的复数形式。

7. A)【句意】法庭传训他的时候，他否认拿了老太太的项链。

【难点】deny后需接动名词，由于动作是过去发生的，所以选A)，动名词的完成式。

8. A)【句意】帕克大夫被指控向患者提供过量的安眠药，结果造成病人在预期的时间前死亡。

【难点】be accused of 是个常见的词组，意为“被控有…罪”。

9. C)【句意】到下月底，我将完成这项任务。

【难点】by the end of next month (year)是将来完成时的典型状语，故选C)。

10. B)【句意】除非你的新经济计划创造奇迹，否则我们将赔钱。

【难点】unless 引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。

11. A)【句意】岩洞里很黑，她燃着了一根火柴。

【难点】strike 意为“擦（火柴）”，其它几个词不能和matches搭配。

12. B)【句意】玛丽不能来参加生日晚会了，因为她患了感冒，卧床在家。

【难点】lay up 意为“因痛（或伤残）卧床”，常用被动语态； lay out 意为“摆出，展开”；lay by 意为“储存”；lay down意为“牺牲，献出”。

13. B)【句意】她常说她最大的快乐在于为残疾儿童服务。

【难点】consist in 意为“在于，存在于”；rely on 意为“依靠，依赖”；be composed of 意为“由…构成”；comprise 意为“由…组成；构成”。

14. A)【句意】为了搞清楚这一差别，我们必须认真地审视一下生物学发展的漫长历史。

【难点】distinction意为“区别；差异”；indication意为“标示，迹象”；recognition意为“（正式的）承认，认可，认知”；constitution意为“宪法，体制”。

15. C)【句意】最重要的是，这样的经历能促进人们对其它文化的感受性，并使他们更欣赏自己的文化。

【难点】foster意为“培养，促进，助长”;coach意为“训练，指导”；forsake意为“遗弃，抛弃”；censor意为“审查,检查”。

16. A)【句意】安把盘子打碎后，想把碎片再合在一起。

【难点】fragment 意为“碎片，碎块”；piece意为“块，片”；bit意为“小片；小段”；slice意为“薄片；切片”。

17. A)【句意】简企图用钱贿赂看门人，但失败了。

【难点】bribe 意为“收买；行贿”；corrupt意为“腐蚀，使堕落”；award意为“授予（奖品等）；给予”；endow意为“资助，捐赠”。

18. B)【句意】分类是组织任何领域知识内容的有效方式。

【难点】approach作“方式，方法；态度”讲时，后接介词to，其它几个词没有这种用法。

19. A)【句意】人类已为他们对环境威胁作出的迟缓反应付出了重大代价。

【难点】response意为“反应”后接介词to ;responsibility意为“责任”；resolution意为“决心，决定”；resistance意为“抵抗”。

20. B)【句意】我们十分尊重约瑟夫教授，因为他总是信守原则。

【难点】live up to 意为“遵守，实践（诺言，原则）”；live on 意为“以…为生”；live through意为“度过，经历过”；live with 意为“忍受；容忍”。

21. C)【句意】我爷爷不小心放火烧着了房子。

【难点】词组set fire to 意为“点燃，使燃烧”。

22. D)【句意】除了花很多钱外，我们的假期很愉快。

【难点】except指的是除去同类的事物，且常用于否定句；besides是包含在内的，除了；in addition to 也是包括在内；except for 是除了不同类的事物。

23. A)【句意】如果你要孩子们努力学习，你必须唤起他们的兴趣而不是责任感。

【难点】appeal to 意为“有感染力，有吸引力”；look into 意为“调查，观察”；give rise to意为“引起，导致”；go in for意为“爱好；从事，参与”。

24. B)【句意】机器人基本上是一台机器，它能像人的手臂一样移动、操纵、结合或加工零件。

【难点】component意为“零件；成分”；character 意为“特性；人格”；catalogue意为“目录”；collection意为“收集”。

25. D)【句意】当然，谈论一些影响学生个性的事对他们是非常有积极作用的。

【难点】eminently 意为“突出地；明显地”；chiefly意为“主要地；大部分”；correctly意为“正确地”，currently意为“现时，当前”。

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全真模拟试题

1. It’s not fair that you come home after abad day at work and ____ your wife and children.

A. take it out onB. take out it on

C. take out onD. take on it with

2. She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that ____.

A. he catches coldB. he should catch cold

C. he caught coldD. he be catching cold

3. Our teacher recommended that we ____ as attentive as possible when we visit the museum.

A. areB. shall beC. beD.were

4. You ____ business interfering with my affairs.

A. have noneB. have no

C. have none ofthe D. have nothing like

5. The new cut in interest rate ____ promote domesticinvestment.

A. means to B. directs toward

C. is meant toD. leads to

6. Advertising media like direct mail, radio, television and newspapers ____ to increase the sales of industrial products.

A.have been usedB. will be used

C. is being used D. has been used

7. While being questioned on the court, the man denied ____the old lady’s necklace.

A. having takenB. taking

C. to have taken D. to take

8. Dr. Park was accused ____ the patient with overdose of sleeping pills so that the patient’s life was terminated before the expected time.

A.of providingB. with providing

C. to have providedD. to provide

9. By the end of next month we ____ this assignment.

A. will finish B. will be finishing

C. will have finishedD. have finished

10. We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours ____ miracle.

A.is working B. works

C. will be working D. worked

11. It was dark in the cave so she ____ a match.

A. struckB. hitC. firedD. burned

12. Mary will not be able to come to the birthday party as she is ____ with a cold.

A. laid outB. laid upC. laid byD. laid down

13. She often says her greatest happiness ____ serving the handicapped children.

A.relies on B. consists in

C. composes of D. comprises in

14. To make this ____ clear we shall have to look closely into biology’s long history.

A.distinctionB. indicationC. recognitionD. constitution

15. Most importantly, such an experience helps ____ aheightened sensitivity to other cultures and will bring about a greater appreciation of one’s own culture as well.

A. coachB. forsakeC. fosterD.censor

16. When Ann broke the dish she tried to put the____back together.

A. fragmentsB. piecesC. bitsD. slices

17. Jane tried to ____ the doorman with money, but she failed.

A. bribeB. corruptC. awardD. endow

18. Classification is a useful ____ to the organization of knowledge in any field.

A. meansB. approachC. modeD. manner

19. The human race has already paid a heavy price for its slow ____to environmental threats.

A. responseB. responsibility

C. resolution D. resistance

20. We have a high regard for Prof. Joseph because he always ____his principles.

A. lives onB. lives up to

C. lives through D. lives with

21. My grandfather accidentally ____ fire to the house.

A.putB. tookC.setD. got

22. We enjoyed the holiday ____ the expense.

A.exceptB. besides

C. in addition toD. except for

23. If you want children to work hard you must ____ their interests instead of their sense of duty.

A. appeal toB. look intoC. give rise toD. go in for

24. Basically a robot is a machine which moves, manipulates, joins or processes ____ in the same way as human hand or arm.

A. characters B. components

C.catalogues D. collections

25. Of course, talking about something which affects them personally is ____motivating for students.

A. chieflyB. correctlyC. currentlyD. eminently